Sɛ wunya mmoawa bi wɔ wo nipadua mu a, so ɛyɛ asɛm kɛse? Momma yensua meningococcemia ho ade!

So woate yare bi a ɛyɛ den ma nipadua no kɛse mpofirim na ebetumi de ne nkwa ato asiane mu ho asɛm pɛn? Meningococcemia yɛ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛte saa no mu biako. Eyi ne bere a mmoawa hyɛn yɛn mogya mu na wɔtrɛw ntɛmntɛm yiye wɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Nnipa binom nso frɛ no meningococcal septicemia. Ɛwom sɛ eyi yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa de, nanso sɛ ɛba a, ɛyɛ hu paa, enti ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ.

Dɛn ankasa ne meningococcemia?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, meningococcemia yɛ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu. Ɛyɛ ɔyare mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis) na ɛde ba. Sɛ saa mmoawa yi kɔ yɛn mogya mu a, ɛsɛe yɛn mogya ntini. Eyi ma mogya nkɔ yɛn nipadua mu akwaa ne ntini ahorow mu yiye. Eyi de yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ nsa ne anan a ɛyɛ nwini, ɛyaw a emu yɛ den wɔ nipadua no mu, ne honam ani a ɛyɛ fitaa ba. Mogya betumi atu afi mogya ntini a abubu mu na ayɛ nsensanee nketenkete wɔ honam ani. Ebia saa nsensanee yi bɛyɛ nketewa mfiase no, nanso akyiri yi ebetumi ayɛ kɛse na atrɛw akɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa.

Kae sɛ meningococcemia yɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsa no ntɛm ara. Sɛ wunya sɛnkyerɛnne ketewaa bi mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda meningitis ne meningococcemia ntam?

Ebia woate meningitis nso ho asɛm. Mmoawa koro no ara, N. meningitidis, na ɛde abien no nyinaa ba. Nanso nsonsonoe kakra wɔ mu.

• Meningitis yɛ bere a saa mmoawa yi ka yɛn amemene ne yɛn akyi berɛmo (ntini a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu) no.
• Meningococcemia yɛ bere a saa mmoawa yi hyɛn yɛn mogya mu na ɛka yɛn.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, tebea abien yi nyinaa tumi bom ba. Afei nso, mmoawa, fungi, anaa mmoawa afoforo betumi de amemene mu yare (meningitis) aba.

Saa yare yi abu so dɛn?

Meningococcemia yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa ankasa. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ ɔman bi te sɛ United States mu no, afe biara nnipa a wɔanya bi no nnu 400 na wɔbɔ amanneɛ. Nanso, ɛwom mpo sɛ ɛntaa nsi de, nanso sɛ ɛba a, asiane no so ntew. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wohu eyi.

Dɛn ne meningococcemia ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow?

Saa yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne no mu yɛ den yiye, na ɛba ntɛmntɛm paa wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu. Nnipa pii ka ho asɛm sɛ "ɛyaw a enye koraa a wɔate wɔ wɔn asetra mu pɛn." Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw a ɛkyerɛ ne sɛ:

• Nsa ne anan a ɛyɛ nwini: Nipadua no yɛ nwini na sɛ wɔde wɔn nsa ka a, ebia akwaa no te sɛ nsukyenee.
• Ntini mu yaw a emu yɛ den: Ɛyaw no betumi ayɛ nea wontumi nnyina ano, titiriw wɔ anan mu.
• Ɔbrɛ ne ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so: Ɔbrɛ a ɔte nka na ɔda bere nyinaa.
• Ahome a wɔhome ntɛmntɛm: Ebia sɛnea obi home ntɛmntɛm no bɛkɔ soro mpofirim.
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• Wotaa wosow anaasɛ wo ho yɛ den: Ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wo ho popo na wo ho popo.
• Honam ani nsakrae: Honam ani betumi ayɛ fitaa mpofirim, anaasɛ honam ani kɔla betumi asesa, na nsensanee a asesa ada adi wɔ mmeae bi.
• Nsonsonoe kɔkɔɔ, bruu, bruu, anaa kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ tratraa wɔ honam ani: Eyinom fi ase sɛ nsensanee nketenkete (petechiae). Wɔtaa pue wɔ mmeae a ntade ayɛ den, te sɛ asen, asen, asen, asen, ne asen a ɛwɔ mu. Saa nsensanee yi tumi nyin kɛse bere kɔ so na ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no nyinaa mu (purpura). Nanso, ntwɛn mma saa nsensanee yi ntrɛw. Sɛ wowɔ biribi a ɛhaw wo a , hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Dɛn na ɛde meningococcemia ba?

Sɛnea yɛaka dedaw no, nea ɛde eyi ba titiriw ne ɔyare mmoawa bi a wɔfrɛ no Neisseria meningitidis . Saa ɔyare mmoawa yi tumi hyɛn yɛn nipadua mu bere a yɛhome no Afei ebetumi afa ahurututu no mu akɔ yɛn mogya mu (a ɛde meningococcemia ba) anaa amemene no mu (a ɛde meningitis ba). Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa yi kɔ mogya mu pɛ a, ɛsɛe yɛn mogya ntini. Eyi ma yɛn ntini ahorow no nnya mframa pa a ehia no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na yare yi fi onipa so kɔ onipa foforo mu?

Mmoawa (N. meningitidis) no trɛw wɔ nnipa a wɔne wɔn ho wɔn ho di nkitaho kɛse ntam. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ:

• Ɛdenam atuu a wɔbɛfew wɔn ho so.
• Ɛdenam nneɛma te sɛ aduan, nsu nkotoku, ne nkuruwa a wɔbɛkyɛ so.
• Ɛtɔ da bi a ebetumi atrɛw wɔ nnipa a wɔte fie koro mu anaasɛ wɔtaa bom bɔ (sɛ nhwɛso no, sukuu nnamfo, nnipa a wɔte adan a wɔda mu wɔ sukuupɔn no mu) ntam.

Henanom na wɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wobenya saa yare yi?

Nnipa binom wɔ asiane kɛse mu kakra sɛ wobenya meningococcemia. Eyinom bi ne:

• Nkokoaa: Titiriw ma nkokoaa a wɔadi fi asram 6 kosi mfe 2.
• Mmabun: Nnipa a wɔadi fi mfe 16-23.
• Mmabun a wɔbom tra akuw mu: sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔn a wɔwɔ sukuupɔn dan mu.
• Nnipa a wɔretu kwan akɔ anaa wɔte Afrika mmeae bi (Afrika Sahara anafo fam).
• Nnipa a wɔn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye: Ɛne sɛ, nnipa a wɔwɔ tebea horow te sɛ `(HIV)` yare mmoawa, `(complement component deficiencies)`.
• Nnipa a wɔnom ``complement inhibitor`` nnuru ma ayaresa tebea horow bi.
• Nnipa a wonni akyi berɛmo anaasɛ wɔn akyi berɛmo ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye.

Nsɛnnennen a anibere wom bɛn na ebetumi afi yare yi mu aba?

Nsɛnnennen a ɛwɔ Meningococcemia muEbetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ama obi adi dɛm daa bere a ne ho atɔ no mpo akyi. Nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den kɛse no bi ni:

• Septic shock: Eyi ne bere a nipadua no mogya so tew kɔ fam wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ hu so.
• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC): Eyi yɛ tebea a emu yɛ den yiye. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, mogya a ɛtwetwe no kɔ so yɛ basabasa, na ɛma mogya tu a wontumi nni so.
• Purpura fulminans: Eyi yɛ DIC a emu yɛ den. Ebetumi ama honam ani ntini awuwu.
• Gangrene: Ntini a ewu esiane mogya a entumi nkɔ mu nti. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wotwa ɔhonam akwaa bi.
• Myocarditis: Koma ntini no mu ɔfe ne ɔyare mmoawa.
• Akwaa a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu a ɛsɛe anaasɛ ɛnyɛ adwuma yiye: Akwaa a ɛho hia te sɛ asaabo ne mmerɛbo betumi asɛe.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu yare yi?

Nnuruyɛfo taa yɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ wɔtow akyi berɛmo mu de hwɛ sɛ meningococcemia anaa. Nanso, esiane sɛ saa yare yi yɛ hu paa nti, sɛ oduruyɛfo bi susuw sɛ wowɔ bi bere a wohu wo ara pɛ a, wobefi ase sa yare no ntɛm ara a wɔntwɛn nea ebefi nhwehwɛmu no mu aba no.

Dɛn ne ayaresa a wɔde sa yare yi?

Wɔde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa titiriw na ɛsa meningococcemia. Nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔtaa de di dwuma ne ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, anaa penicillin. Nea ɛka ho no, nnuruyɛfo betumi nso:

• Sɛ ntini a awu wɔ hɔ a, wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi fi hɔ.
• Sɛ mogya mmoroso sua a, wɔbɛma nkyene aduru anaa nnuru a ɛbɛma akɔ soro.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome a, wɔma oxygen na ebia wɔde bɛka mframa a wɔde ma mpo ho.

Sɛ wunya saa yare yi a, ɛho behia sɛ wotra ayaresabea hɔ nna kakraa bi. Wɔnam nkyene aduru (IV) so bɛma nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa akɔ ntini bi mu. Wɔbɛma wo ayaresa afoforo nso de adi nsɛnnennen biara a ebetumi aba so na ama wo ho atɔ wo.

So wobetumi asa yare yi koraa? Dɛn ne dodow a wɔn ho bɛtɔ wɔn?

Yiw, wobetumi de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa asa meningococcemia. Nanso, sɛ wɔsa yare yi mpo a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi de akwahosan ho haw a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ aba. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea wobɛhwɛ kwan bere a wo ho atɔ wo no ho.

Sɛ wɔansa eyi a, edi awu.Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ woannya ayaresa a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wubewu. Wɔ wɔn a wɔde nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa sa wɔn yare mpo mu no, nnipa dodow a wowuwu no yɛ 10% kosi 15%. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wɔsa obi yare mpo a, ɛnyɛ obiara na obetumi agye nkwa. Saa na asiane wɔ eyi mu.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara?

Sɛ wo anaa wo ba nya atifi hɔ sɛnkyerɛnne no bi a, kɔ ayaresabea dwumadibea a ɛhwɛ ntɛmpɛ a ɛbɛn wo no nkyɛn a ɛnkyɛ. Saa yare yi tumi mu yɛ den ntɛmntɛm paa na ebetumi de obi nkwa ato asiane mu wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Wɔ mmere te sɛ eyinom mu no, ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm yi:

• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na me ho atɔ me?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn adi nsunsuanso anaa nsɛnnennen biara a ɛbɛtra hɔ akyɛ a ebetumi aba wɔ eyi akyi no ho dwuma?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ me nnamfo/abusua/nnipa a me ne wɔn te no nom nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa na amma eyi antrɛw?
• Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mesan ba oduruyɛfo nkyɛn bio?

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn atumi abɔ yɛn ho ban afi yare a wɔfrɛ no Meningococcemia yi ho?

Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi yare yi ho ne sɛ wobɛnya meningococcal vaccines. Nnuru titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: Meningococcal conjugate/MenACWY ne MenB. Nnuruyɛfo taa kamfo kyerɛ sɛ:

• Nya MenACWY vaccine no ma abofra biara a wadi mfeɛ 11-12 ne booster shot wɔ mfeɛ 16 mu.
• Ɛsɛ sɛ mmofra nkumaa ne mpanyimfo a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya yare no, titiriw fi meningococcal mmoawa akuw A, C, W, anaa Y mu no nya (MenACWY) vaccine no.
• Ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa a asiane kɛse wom sɛ wobenya meningococcal yare wɔ kuw B mu no nya (MenB) vaccine no.

Wubetumi abisa w’abusua oduruyɛfo anaa mmofra oduruyɛfo no saa nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban yi ho asɛm.

Bio nso, nnipa a wɔne obi a ɔwɔ meningococcemia (sɛ nhwɛso no, nnipa a wɔafew wɔn ho ano, nnipa a wɔte fie koro mu) adi nkitaho kɛse no betumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya yare no so denam nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔbɛnom sɛnea oduruyɛfo kyerɛ no so.

Awiei koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ meka sɛ...

Meningococcemia yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban fi ho. Nanso, ɛda so ara yɛ yiye sɛ obi benya saa ɔyare mmoawa yi, enti sɛ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne da adi a, ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu ntɛm ara.

Tie wo nipadua. Sɛ biribi a anibere wom rekɔ so a, wobɛte nka. Sɛ wo anaa wo ba no wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, ntwɛn nkosi sɛ ɛbɛkɔ so asɛe. Kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara, ka nea wote nka ne w’adwene mu naayɛ kyerɛ nnuruyɛfo no. Sɛ wufi ase sa yare nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi ansa na woayɛ saa a, ebetumi ama nsakrae kɛse aba hokwan a wowɔ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo no mu.

`Meningococcemia, ɔyare mmoawa, mogya mu awuduru, ntɛmpɛ, meningitis, honam ani akisikuru, vaccination