Momma yensua ɔyarehwɛfo a ɔma aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ (CRNA) a ɔde nnuru a ɛma obi dwensɔ ma obi yɛ oprehyɛn no ho ade.

Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn pɛn, anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ obi a wunim no oprehyɛn a, ebia woate asɛmfua "anesthesia." Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia wobɛsuro kakra wɔ saa aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no yi ho. Nanso so wunim sɛ nnipa bi wɔ hɔ a wɔatete wɔn titiriw na ama woanya ahobammɔ na ɛyaw biara nni wo bere a wɔreyɛ wo oprehyɛn no? Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka onipa baako a ɔte saa ho asɛm, "Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist" (CRNA) .

Hena ne saa Ɔyarehwɛfo a Ɔyɛ Ɔyarehwɛfo a Wɔagye Din a Ɔyɛ Ɔyarehwɛfo a Ɔyare Nnuru (CRNA) yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, CRNA (Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist) yɛ ɔyarehwɛfo a ɔfata yiye a wanya ntetee titiriw wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ne nnuru afoforo a ɛfa ho a wɔde ma ho. Ɛtɔ da bi a yɛfrɛ wɔn "ayarehwɛfo a wɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ." Wɔhwɛ nnipa a wɔreyɛ nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no anaasɛ wɔrenya ahoɔden afi aduru a wɔde kum wɔn akisikuru mu na wɔhwɛ wɔn so.

Enti dɛn ne "anesthesia" yi?

Fa no sɛ wɔreyɛ wo oprehyɛn anaa wɔreyɛ wo aduruyɛ bi. Anesthesia yɛ aduruyɛ a ɛboa ma wonte ɛyaw nka. Aduru ahorow a wɔde kum nipadua no wɔ hɔ. Nnuru bi a ɛma obi dwensɔ ma wo nipadua no fã bi pɛ yɛ mmerɛw, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wonte biribiara nka. Nnuru afoforo ka w’amemene na ɛma woda koraa, enti wonte biribiara nka bere a wɔreyɛ wo oprehyɛn no. Enti, CRNA wɔ ntetee titiriw ne nimdeɛ a emu dɔ a wɔde bɛma saa aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no dwoodwoo na wɔayɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Hena ne Ɔyarehwɛfo a Wɔakyerɛw Wɔn Din wɔ Adesua a Ɛkɔ Anim (APRN)?

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) yɛ ɔyarehwɛfoɔ a wɔakyerɛw ne din a wanya Master’s anaa Doctoral abodin krataa, a ɛboro ayarehwɛfoɔ abodin krataa a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa so, na wɔatete no sɛ ɔnyɛ dwumadie pɔtee bi ne ayarefoɔ dodoɔ. Wɔwɔ nhomasua titiriw ne adansedi krataa a wɔde bɛsɔ aduruyɛ mu haw ahorow ahwɛ, ahu, na wɔadi ho dwuma. Wɔama wɔn tumi nso sɛ wɔnkra sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu na wɔkyerɛw nnuru ma wɔn.

APRN ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) - nea yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ no.
• Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNP) - Wɔde akwahosan ho dwumadie titire te sɛ abusua oduruyɛfoɔ ma.
• Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) - Eyinom yɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ nimdeɛ a emu dɔ wɔ tebea pɔtee bi anaa ayarefo kuw bi ho.
• Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM) - Wɔn a wɔboa ɛnanom a wɔyem ne bere a wɔrewo.

CRNA a yɛreka ho asɛm nnɛ no yɛ obi a ɔka ayarehwɛfo panyin a ɔfata yiye kuw a wɔfrɛ no APRN no ho.

Dɛn na ɔyarehwɛfo a ɔma aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ (CRNA) yɛ?

Asɛyɛde pɔtee pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde ma CRNA. Eyinom yɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia paa. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

• Ɔyarefo nkyerɛkyerɛ ansa na wɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ ne bere a wɔawie: Ansa na wɔbɛma wo aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ama oprehyɛn anaa oprehyɛn bi no, wɔbɛbɔ wo amanneɛ yiye. Wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ biribiara mu, a aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ko a wɔde bedi dwuma, nea ɛbɛba, ne nea wɔbɛhwɛ kwan ka ho. Wɔbɛka nea ebia wobɛte nka wɔ aduru a wɔde kum wo no akyi ne anammɔn a ɛsɛ sɛ wutu nso akyerɛ wo.
• Sɛnea wo nipadua yɛ n’ade wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ho a wobɛhwɛ: Sɛ wɔma wo aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no wie a, wɔbɛhwɛ wo nipadua no yiye ahwɛ sɛnea ɛreyɛ n’ade. Wɔbɛhwɛ wo nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia te sɛ wo koma bɔ, wo mogya mmoroso, wo home, ne oxygen dodow so.
• Asiane ahorow a ɛwɔ onipa a wɔde aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no mu no a wobehu: Ebia nnipa binom ho yɛ wɔn yaw wɔ nnuru bi a wɔde kum nipadua no ho. Anaasɛ ebia wobehia ɔhwɛ titiriw bere a wɔreyɛ aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ esiane akwahosan tebea afoforo te sɛ ayamtu anaa asikreyare nti. CRNA bedi kan ahu asiane ahorow a ɛtete saa, apaw ɔkwan a ɛfata sen biara a wɔfa so de aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ, na wayɛ ahwɛyiye a ɛho hia.
• Aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no dodow a ɛfata a wɔde bɛma: CRNA bɛhwɛ yiye kɛse de aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no dodow a ɛfata ama, a egyina wo mu duru, wo tenten, mfe a woadi, oprehyɛn ko a wɔreyɛ, ne w’akwahosan nyinaa so. Eyi ho hia yiye, efisɛ kakraa bi na ebetumi ama obi ate yaw, na sɛ ɛboro so a, ebetumi de ɔhaw ahorow a wɔmpɛ aba.

CRNA nkutoo nyɛ adwuma. Wɔyɛ adwuma sɛ kuw bi a wɔne akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo ahorow, a nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn, nnuruyɛfo a wɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ, nsensan ho animdefo, ne nan ho animdefo ka ho, de aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ ma ayarefo a wɔadi mfe ne oprehyɛn ahorow nyinaa no fã. Wɔhwɛ ɔyarefo no tebea ansa na wɔayɛ no oprehyɛn, bere a wɔreyɛ no oprehyɛn, ne bere a wɔreyɛ no oprehyɛn akyi.

Ɛhe na CRNA betumi ayɛ adwuma?

CRNA betumi ayɛ adwuma wɔ aduruyɛ mu mmeae ahorow, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔn nnwuma no nyɛ beae biako pɛ. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Ayaresabea oprehyɛn dan (ORs).
• Adan a Wɔde Ma Wɔn a Wɔyare Wɔ Aduru akyi (PACU).
• Adan a Wɔhwɛ Nneɛma a Egye Ntɛmntɛm (ERs).
• Outpatient Surgery Centers - Eyinom yɛ mmeae a wobetumi ayɛ oprehyɛn a wɔrentra ayaresabea.
• Awo ne Awoɔ Dwumadibea - Fa akwan a wɔfa so de aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ te sɛ epidurals ma na ama ɛyaw a ɛba bere a wɔrewo no so atew.
• Oduruyɛfo adwumayɛbea - ma ayaresa nketenkete bi.
• Dentist's offices - ma nsensan a woyi anaa oprehyɛn a ɛyɛ den.

Wɔ aman te sɛ United States nkuraase mmeae bi no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a CRNA nkutoo ne adwumayɛfo a wɔde nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no ma wɔ ayaresabea ahorow. Nea ɛka ho no, CRNA ahorow ne nnuru titiriw a ɛma wɔn a wɔsom wɔ Amerika asraafo mu no. Wɔ Sri Lanka no, hia a ayarehwɛfo adwuma titiriw a ɛte saa ho hia na wogye tom no renya nkɔanim da biara da.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛwɔ Certified Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) ne Anesthesiologist ntam?

Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a nnipa pii wɔ. CRNA ne oduruyɛfo a ɔma aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ nyinaa betumi de aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ ama no dwoodwoo na ɔde ahokokwaw ayɛ. Nanso, nsonsonoe kakra wɔ wɔn nhomasua ne mmara nhyehyɛe mu.

Oduruyɛfo a ɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ yɛ obi a ɔwɔ aduruyɛ ho abodin krataa (`Doctor of Medicine - MD` anaa `Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine - DO`). Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wawie aduruyɛ ho abodin krataa titiriw te sɛ MBBS, na afei wanya mfe pii ntetee titiriw wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no mu.

Nanso, CRNA yɛ obi a wawie mfitiase ahwehwɛde ahorow sɛ ɔyarehwɛfo a wɔakyerɛw ne din, afei wakɔ so ayɛ master anaa doctoral-level abodin krataa a ne ho akokwaw wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no mu, na watwa sɔhwɛ a akansi kɛse wom, te sɛ "Ɔman Adansedi Sɔhwɛ a Wɔde Ma Ayarehwɛfo Ahorow a Wɔma Wɔyare Adwene."

Ade a ɛho hia ne sɛ ayarehwɛfo a ɔyɛ aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ no bu nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no sɛ ayarehwɛfo adwuma no ntrɛwmu . Oduruyɛfo a ɔma obi dwensɔ bu nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no sɛ aduruyɛ adwuma no fã .

Nanso, sɛ́ ebia nhomasua yi fa ayarehwɛ anaa nnuruyɛ ho no, abien no nyinaa de nnuru a wɔde kum nipadua no ma wɔ ɔkwan koro so, sɛnea ahobammɔ gyinapɛn koro kyerɛ no. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nnuru, nnwinnade, ne akwan a wɔfa so hwɛ nneɛma so no fã kɛse no ara yɛ pɛ. Enti sɛ́ ebia CRNA anaa oduruyɛfo a ɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ rema wo no, enhia sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ w’ahobammɔ ho. Wɔn baanu nyinaa tete wɔn yiye na wɔwɔ osuahu. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebia CRNA bi bɛyɛ adwuma wɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔma aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no hwɛ ase, anaasɛ wobetumi ayɛ adwuma wɔ wɔn ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na obi bɛyɛ ayarehwɛfo a ɔwɔ adansedi krataa a ɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ (CRNA)?

CRNA a obi bɛyɛ no nyɛ akwantu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Ɛhwehwɛ ahofama pii, nhomasua a ɛkyɛ, ntetee a emu yɛ den, ne osuahu a ɛsom bo. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea saa anammɔn ahorow no yɛ ne sɛnea obi du saa specialization yi ho.

1. Ɛsɛ sɛ wonya Bachelor’s degree wɔ nursing anaa adwuma bi a ɛfa ho: Nea edi kan no, anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ wuwie mfe anan bachelor’s degree wɔ nursing mu fi sukuupɔn a wɔagye atom mu.

2. Sɛ wobɛnya tumi krataa sɛ Registered Nurse (RN):Sɛ wuwie sukuu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wotra sɔhwɛ bi a ɔman a ɛfa ho no ayarehwɛfo bagua no yɛ (sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ United States of America anaa n’asasesin mu) na wunya tumi krataa sɛ ɔyarehwɛfo a wɔakyerɛw ne din.

3. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, afe biako, mpɛn pii no ɛboro saa, osuahu a wɔde yɛ adwuma wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare denneennen (ICU): Eyi yɛ anammɔn titiriw. Mpɛn pii no, RN a ɔpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ CRNA no de mfe abien kosi abiɛsa bɛyɛ adwuma wɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔyare denneennen. Eyi te saa efisɛ wɔne ayarefo a wɔn ho yɛ den yiye na wɔde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu redi. Saa osuahu yi boa wɔn ma wonya nimdeɛ a ɛho hia te sɛ gyinaesi ntɛmntɛm, adwuma a wɔyɛ wɔ nhyɛso ase, nnwinnade ahorow a wɔde di dwuma, ne nnuru a ɛyɛ den a wɔhwɛ so.

. Mprempren nhyehyɛe ahorow yi taa kɔ soro kodu oduruyɛfo gyinabea, a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ mfe abiɛsa. Eyi ma wonya nsusuwii mu nimdeɛ a emu dɔ wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no ho ne ntetee a emu yɛ den a wɔde di dwuma.

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CRNA ahorow bi, bere a wɔafata sɛ CRNA akyi no, wonya ntetee foforo (``fellowship``) wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no fã titiriw bi mu, te sɛ ɛyaw a enni sabea ano aduru, koma mu aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no, anaa mmofra aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, eyi taa gye afe foforo.

Te sɛ aduruyɛ adwumayɛfo afoforo nyinaa no, wɔhwehwɛ sɛ CRNA ahorow nya nhomasua a ɛkɔ so (`nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɛkɔ so`) wɔ wɔn adwuma nyinaa mu. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wobɛkɔ nhyiam ahorow, asua nhwehwɛmu foforo ho ade, na woayɛ adesua foforo na ama woanya nkɔso ne mfiridwuma a aba foforo wɔ wɔn adwuma mu.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na obi abɛyɛ ɔyarehwɛfo a ɔwɔ adansedi krataa a ɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ (CRNA)?

Sɛnea wubetumi asusuw ho no, esiane nhomasua ne osuahu yi nyinaa nti, egye bere tenten ansa na woabɛyɛ CRNA. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a:

• Egye bɛyɛ mfe 4 ansa na woanya ayarehwɛfo abodin krataa.
• Bɛyɛ mfeɛ 1-3 osuahu wɔ Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
• Ayarehwɛfo a wɔde aduru a ɛma obi dwensɔ ho nhyehyɛe (a ɛkɔ oduruyɛfo abodin krataa) gye bɛyɛ mfe 3.

Sɛ wɔka eyinom nyinaa bom a, mpɛn pii no egye bɛyɛ mfe ason kosi du ansa na abɛyɛ CRNA.

Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ egye ahofama, boasetɔ, ne boasetɔ pii. Egye bere ne mmɔdenbɔ pii na ama woafata sɛ CRNA de nnuru a ɛma obi dwensɔ bɛma wo. Enti wubetumi anya wɔn nimdeɛ ne wɔn tumi mu ahotoso koraa.

Nkrasɛm a ɛho hia a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho.

Oprehyɛn anaa aduruyɛ mu adeyɛ biara a emu yɛ den a wobehyia no betumi ayɛ adwennwen, ehu, ne dadwen. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata, na obiara mpɛ oprehyɛn.

Nanso kae sɛ wo ɔyarehwɛfo oduruyɛfo a ɔma wo dwensɔ (CRNA) yɛ obi a ɔwɔ nimdeɛ titiriw ne ahokokwaw a ɛkorɔn sen biara a ɛbɛma woanya ahobammɔ, ɛyaw biara nni wo ho, na wahwɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia no so bere nyinaa wɔ oprehyɛn no nyinaa mu.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa, dadwen, anaa dadwen biara wɔ aduru a wɔde kum nipadua no anaa oprehyɛn ho a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo CRNA. Wɔwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛboa wo, abua wo nsɛmmisa, na wɔaboa wo ma woate nka sɛ wo ho tɔ wo na wowɔ ahotoso kɛse wɔ wo oprehyɛn no ho. W’ahobammɔ ne w’ahotɔ yɛ wɔn ade titiriw bere nyinaa.

` Nurse Anesthesia Officer, CRNA, Anesthesia, Anesthesiologist, Ayarehwɛfo, Oprehyɛn, Ayarehwɛfo Ntetee a Ɛkɔ Anim