So wo ba kumaa no koma mu aorta no wɔ baabi foforo? Momma yensua saa (Overriding Aorta) yi ho ade!

Ɛtɔ da bi a yɛn mmofra nkumaa ba wiase yi mu a nsakrae nketenkete wɔ wɔn koma mu. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata koraa sɛ wo, sɛ ɛna anaa agya no, sɛ wote biribi a ɛte saa a, wobɛte ehu ne dadwen kɛse nka. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, ɛfiri sɛ ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no ``Overriding Aorta'', a ɛyɛ komayareɛ a wɔde wo awoɔ mu ho asɛm. Yɛbɛka nneɛma pii ho asɛm wɔ nsɛm a ɛnyɛ den mu, te sɛ nea eyi yɛ ankasa, nea enti a ɛba, nea ɛkyerɛ ne yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, ne ayaresa ahorow. Sɛ wote saa nneɛma yi ase yiye a, ɛbɛma woanya ahoɔden pii a wode bɛma wo ba no aduruyɛ a eye sen biara.

Dɛn ne eyi `(Overriding Aorta)`? Momma yɛnte ase tiawa, ɛnte saa?

Okay, momma yenni kan nhwɛ nea saa `(Overriding Aorta)` yi yɛ. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ mogya ntini titiriw bi a ɛwɔ yɛn ba no koma mu, aorta, a ɛwɔ beae soronko kakra sen baabi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛwɔ.

Afei hwɛ, wɔ koma a ɛte apɔw mu no, saa ntini kɛse `(Aorta)` yi wɔ koma no benkum so, kyerɛ sɛ, ɛne benkum ventricle no wɔ abusuabɔ. Wunim dɛn? Ɛhɔ na wobetumi akyekyɛ mogya a ɛho tew a oxygen pii wom a efi ahurututu mu ba no wɔ nipadua no mu nyinaa. Ɛno ne n’adwuma titiriw.

Nanso wɔ `(Overriding Aorta)` mu no, saa aorta yi wɔ ɔfasu a ɛda koma no benkum ne nifa ventricle ntam no atifi (wɔfrɛ eyi `Ventricular Septum`), anaasɛ tokuru bi a ɛwɔ saa ɔfasu no mu (`Ventricular Septal Defect` anaa VSD) atifi. Fa no sɛ, nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha no te sɛ nea wode nsu pɔmpɛ hose bi ahyɛ ahina a ɛnteɛ mu.

Dɛn na ɛba esiane eyi nti? Koma no fã nifa no nni oxygen kakraa bi, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ adi dwuma awie, mogya a "ɛyɛ fĩ" kakra. Esiane sɛ saa tokuru no (`VSD`) ne aorta no wɔ beae a ɛnteɛ nti, mogya a oxygen nnim yi bi hyɛn aorta no mu na ɛne mogya a ɛkyinkyini nipadua no nyinaa mu no fra. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ mframa pa dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu a ɛkɔ akokoaa no nipadua afã horow no so tew. Eyi ne ɔhaw titiriw no.

Abusuabɔ bɛn na ɛda eyi ne tebea a wɔfrɛ no `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` ntam?

Overriding Aorta nyɛ tebea a ɛtaa ba nkutoo. Ɛyɛ nneɛma atitiriw anan a ɛwɔ komayare a emu yɛ den a wɔde awo obi a wɔfrɛ no Tetralogy of Fallot no mu biako . "Tetralogy" kyerɛ sɛ anan. Enti, wɔ tebea yi mu no, wohu komayare atitiriw anan bom:

1. `(Overriding Aorta)`: Aorta a yɛaka ho asɛm seesei ara no wɔ beae a ɛnteɛ.

2. Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Tokuru a ɛwɔ ɔfasu a ɛda koma no benkum ne nifa adan ntam. Eyi ma mogya a oxygen pii wom frafra mogya a oxygen nni mu.

3. Pulmonary Stenosis: Ahurututu mu ntini a ɛde mogya a oxygen wom fi koma no nifa kɔ ahurututu no mu no siw anaasɛ ne valve a enbue yiye no ma mogya dodow a ɛkɔ ahurututu no mu no so tew.

4. Koma no nifa so ahurututu no afasu a ɛyɛ den (`Right Ventricular Hypertrophy`):Esiane sɛ saa ahurututu mu ntini no asiw nti, ɛsɛ sɛ ahurututu nifa no yɛ adwumaden kɛse na ama wɔatumi abɔ mogya. Sɛnea ntini mu ntini yɛ kɛse bere a woteɛteɛ w’apɔw mu no, saa ara na bere kɔ so no, saa ahurututu yi afasu yɛ den.

Fa no sɛ, ɛte sɛ nea ɔfasu biara nni baabi a wɔnom sigaret ne baabi a wɔnnom sigaret wɔ adidibea bi ntam. Afei ɛnyɛ den sɛ wusiw no fi baabi kɔ baabi foforo, na obiara nte nka. Ɛno ne nea ɛkɔ so wɔ saa `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` tebea yi mu. Mogya a oxygen kakraa bi na ɛwom ne mogya a oxygen pii wom no frafra.

Hena na saa tebea yi ka no kɛse (Overriding Aorta)?

Saa tebea yi a wɔfrɛ no ``Tetralogy of Fallot'' a ``Overriding Aorta'' ka ho no, akontaabu kyerɛ sɛ wɔtaa hu kakra wɔ nkokoaa mmarima mu sen nkokoaa mmea.

Afei nso, nkokoaa a wɔwɔ nkwaboaa mu nneɛma bi a ɛnteɛ te sɛ Down syndrome no taa nya Tetralogy of Fallot. Wobetumi ahu komayare yi nso wɔ tebea afoforo a wɔntaa nhu koraa te sɛ Apert syndrome ne Williams syndrome ho.

Tebea yi abu so dɛn?

Wɔkyerɛ sɛ ebia nkokoaa 100 biara a wɔwo wɔn wɔ wiase no mu bɛyɛ biako wɔ awo mu yare bi. Sɛ wohwɛ no saa a, saa nkokoaa a wɔwɔ komayare no mu bɛyɛ 10%, kyerɛ sɛ, bɛyɛ mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo 3,000 biara mu biako, betumi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no `(Tetralogy of Fallot)`, a nea ɛka ho ne `(Overriding Aorta)`. Enti, eyi ntaa mma, nanso ɛyɛ tebea a nnuruyɛfo taa hu.

Dɛn ne tebea yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Ɛnyɛ nkokoaa a wɔwɔ Tetralogy of Fallot nyinaa na wɔwɔ sɛnkyerɛnne koro. Ebia ebinom benya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den koraa, bere a afoforo nso betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den. Sɛnea saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi te no gyina ahurututu mu ntini no fã kɛse a asiw so titiriw. Ɛne sɛ, mogya dodow a ɛrekɔ ahurututu no mu. Sɛ wɔansa saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, bere kɔ so no, ebetumi asɛe nkakrankakra.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne nketenkete

Nkokoaa binom betumi ada sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu nyɛ den te sɛ eyinom adi:

• Honam ani kɔla bruu (`Cyanosis`): Saa kɔla bruu yi da adi titiriw wɔ mmeae te sɛ anofafa, tɛkrɛma, ne nsateaa nnadewa. Eyi fi oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu a ɛso tew.
• Ɔbrɛ a wobɛte nka ntɛm: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea wo ba no brɛ ntɛm bere a wadi agoru anaa wama nufu awie no.
• Ahome tiaa: Ebia ɛbɛyɛ den ama wo sɛ wobɛhome, titiriw bere a woreyɛ nnam no.
• Aduan ho akɔnnɔ ne ne mu duru a ɛkɔ soro ho haw ahorow: Ebia akokoaa no nnidi yiye na ebia ne mu duru renkɔ soro.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a Ɛyɛ Den ne `(Tet Spells)`

Ɛtɔ da bi a, akokoaa no oxygen dodow so tew mpofirim, na ɛde ``Tet spells'' ba.Tebea bi a asiane wom a wɔfrɛ no tet spell betumi aba. Eyi betumi aba mpofirim, na egye simma kakraa bi kosi nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi. Fa no sɛ akokoaa bi redi agoru na mpofirim ara wadan bruu na ɛyɛ den ma no sɛ ɔbɛhome.

Wobetumi ahu sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den te sɛ eyinom wɔ Tet akɔmfo bere mu:

• Wora no dan bruu tuntum mpofirim.
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ woabrɛ yiye, te sɛ nea wo nipadua reyɛ ayɛ mmerɛw.
• Ebia obi bɛtɔ piti.
• Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho popo.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den, ɔhome a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm.
• Ebia akokoaa no befi ase asu mpofirim na afei watotɔ piti.

``Tet spell'' te sɛ eyi akyi no, ebia akokoaa no bɛda akyɛ. Saa ``Tet spells'' yi yɛ tebea a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde ayaresa ma ntɛm.

Dɛn nti na tebea horow te sɛ ``Overriding Aorta'' ba?

Nokwarem no, mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ den sɛ yebehu nea enti pɔtee bi a ɛde sintɔ a ɛte saa ba bere a akokoaa koma nyin wɔ awotwaa mu no. Ɛne sɛ, nea ɛde ba no mu nna hɔ (`ntease ahorow a wonnim`). Nanso wɔahu sɛ nkokoaa a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi `(Tetralogy of Fallot)` (a `(Overriding Aorta)` ka ho) mu bɛyɛ 25% wɔ awo mu dɛmdi anaa ɔhaw ahorow bi wɔ wɔn nipadua afã afoforo .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu saa tebea yi (Overriding Aorta)?

Sɛ wɔwo wo ba no ara pɛ a, nnuruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo a wɔwɔ ayaresabea hɔ bɛhwɛ akokoaa no akwahosan. Bere koro no ara mu no, wɔbɛhwɛ biribiara a ɛnteɛ wɔ koma no mu titiriw.

• Pulse Oximetry: Wɔde sensor ketewaa bi si akokoaa no nsa anaa ne nan so de susuw oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu. Oxygen dodow a ɛba fam betumi ayɛ komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Eyi yɛ sɔhwɛ a ɛnyɛ den a ɛnyɛ yaw.
• Koma mu Nwiinwii: Sɛ oduruyɛfo no de afiri a wɔde tie asɛm tie akokoaa no koma a, sɛ tebea bi te sɛ ``Overriding Aorta'' wɔ hɔ a, wobetumi ate nnyigyei soronko bi, a wɔfrɛ no ``koma mu nwiinwii'' , de aka koma a ɛbɔ sɛnea ɛsɛ no ho. Nanso, ɛnyɛ anwiinwii nyinaa na asiane wom, nanso wɔ eyi mu no, ɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia.

Sɔhwɛ ahorow a wɔde si so dua

Sɛ atifi hɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no wɔ hɔ a, nnuruyɛfo bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom na ama wɔahu tebea no na wɔahu sɛnea komayare no te ankasa:

• Echocardiogram (Echo): Eyi te sɛ koma no mu ultrasound scan. Etumi hu biribiara pefee fi sɛnea koma no yɛ, sɛnea ntini ahorow no yɛ adwuma, ɔkwan a mogya fa so, VSD no kɛse, ne baabi a aorta no wɔ so. Eyi ne sɔhwɛ titiriw a wɔde hu Tetralogy of Fallot.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Eyi kyerɛw anyinam ahoɔden dwumadi a ɛwɔ koma no mu. Etumi hu nneɛma te sɛ koma no mu adan a ayɛ kɛse ne nnyigyei a ɛyɛ dɛ ho haw ahorow.
• Koko so X-ray: .Eyi betumi ama wɔanya nneɛma te sɛ koma no kɛse ne ne nsusuwii ne sɛ ebia mogya dodow a ɛkɔ ahurututu no mu no sua dodo anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso dodo ho adwene.
• Computed Tomography (CT) scan anaa MRI scan a wɔde hwɛ koma no: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wonya koma no ne mogya ntini akɛse ho nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri a, wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi.
• Koma mu Catheterization: Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔde tube (catheter) a ɛyɛ tratraa paa fa mogya ntini bi a ɛwɔ akokoaa no akyi anaa ne nsa mu kɔ koma no mu, baabi a wɔsusuw nhyɛso a ɛwɔ koma no mu, hwɛ oxygen dodow, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde aduru bi gu mu na wɔtwa X-ray mfonini. Eyi boa kɛse wɔ koma no tebea a wɔbɛhwehwɛ mu pɛpɛɛpɛ ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn no mu.
• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu: Eyinom boa ma wɔhwɛ nneɛma te sɛ oxygen dodow a ɛwɔ mogya no mu ne mogya mu nkwammoaa kɔkɔɔ (Hemoglobin) dodow.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa saa `(Overriding Aorta)` tebea yi?

Ayaresa a eye sen biara na ɛtra hɔ daa nkutoo (Tetralogy of Fallot) ne oprehyɛn a wɔbɛyɛ de asiesie sintɔ anan a ɛwɔ koma no mu nyinaa. Wɔtaa yɛ eyi sɛ koma a wɔabue mu oprehyɛn .

• Bere a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn: Mpɛn pii no, nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn yi ansa na akokoaa no adi asram 6, anaasɛ wɔ afe a edi kan no mu . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebia wɔbɛyɛ no ntɛm mpo ama nkokoaa binom, a egyina akokoaa no tebea so.
• Dɛn na ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn?: Oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no de ade titiriw bi to tokuru a ɛwɔ ɔfasu a ɛda ventricles (VSD) ntam no mu. Afei nso oyi ahurututu mu ntini ne valve a asiw kwan no fi hɔ, na ɛma mogya tumi sen yiye. Sɛ wosiesie saa nneɛma yi a, wosiesie ɔhaw a ɛfa aorta a ɛboro so ne ventricle nifa no a ɛyɛ den no ho.
• Bere Tiaa Mu Shunt: Nkokoaa binom sua koraa, anaasɛ wɔn ahurututu mu ntini sua koraa, enti ebia ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛyɛ oprehyɛn no nyinaa ntɛm ara. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn betumi de shunt bi asi hɔ bere tiaa bi . Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wobegye nkorabata bi afi akokoaa no aorta anaa ntini kɛse foforo mu na wɔde abɔ ahurututu mu ntini no ho. Eyi ma mogya dodow a ɛkɔ ahurututu no mu no yɛ kɛse, na ɛma ahotɔ kɔsi sɛ akokoaa no bɛnyin kakra na wɔatumi ayɛ oprehyɛn no nyinaa.

Nnuruyɛfo ayɛ saa oprehyɛn a wɔde koma abue yi de asa Tetralogy of Fallot fi 1950 mfe no mu, enti ɛyɛ oprehyɛn a wɔagye din yiye wɔ aduruyɛ mu.

Nnuru ahorow a wɔde di dwuma

Oprehyɛn akyi no, wɔde nnuru bi nso di dwuma de siw yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ano na wɔasiw nsɛnnennen ano:

• Beta-blocker nnuru (e.g. Propranolol): Eyinom boa ma wosiw saa Tet akɔmfosɛm a ɛyɛ hu no ano na sɛ ɛba a, ɛtew sɛnea emu yɛ den so.
• Nnuru a ɛma nsu fi nipadua no mu: Eyinom boa ma nsu a ɛho nhia wɔ nipadua no mu so tew na ɛtew nhyɛso a ɛba koma no so (wɔ tebea horow te sɛ koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye mu).
• `(Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa)` (Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa):Nkokoaa a wɔwɔ komayare a ɛte sɛɛ no ​​wɔ asiane mu sɛ wobenya ɔyare mmoawa wɔ koma no mu ntini (`Infective Endocarditis`), titiriw bere a wɔreyɛ aduruyɛ mu akwan bi te sɛ sẽ a woyi fi mu no. Enti, wɔde saa aduru yi ma de siw nyarewa a ɛte saa ano.

So nsɛnnennen bi wɔ ayaresa no mu?

Sɛ oprehyɛn no di yiye mpo a, bere kɔ so no, nsɛnnennen bi betumi asɔre.

• Sɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn resiesie Tetralogy of Fallot a, wɔma ahurututu no mu ntini no yɛ mmerɛw kakra, enti ebia nnipa pii behu mogya kakraa bi a ɛbɛtu akɔ akyi afa saa ahurututu no mu (ahurututu mu a ɛtwetwe).
• Eyi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya komayare ho haw ahorow (arrhythmias) no yɛ kɛse.
• Bere kɔ so no, saa valve a ɛtwetwe yi kɔ soro, na ɛde nhyɛso kɛse ba koma no nifa so, na ɛma saa fã no trɛw, na ebetumi mpo ama koma no ayɛ adwuma yiye.
• Mfe pii wɔ oprehyɛn akyi no, nneɛma te sɛ aorta a ayɛ kɛse (aortic root dilatation) anaasɛ tricuspid valve a ɛretu betumi aba. Sɛ eyi ba a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn pii anaa ayaresa foforo. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ so yɛ nhwehwɛmu daa no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobedi akokoaa no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so kosi sɛ wɔbɛyɛ no oprehyɛn?

Enkosi sɛ wobewie oprehyɛn no, nnuruyɛfo bɛyɛ nea edidi so yi de adi akokoaa no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne so na wɔama akokoaa no awerɛkyekye:

• Sɛ ɛho hia a, fa koma mu nnuru (e.g., beta-blockers) ma.
• Hwɛ sɛ akokoaa no renya nsu ne aduannuru a ɛdɔɔso.
• Hwɛ mogya no mu hemoglobin dodow daa, na sɛ ɛho hia a, fa srade a dade wom (na ama mogya atɔw no ano).
• Kwati dwumadi ahorow a ɛma akokoaa no yɛ den dodo, te sɛ osu a obesu bere tenten.
• Sɛ ``tet spell'' bi ba a, sɛ wokura akokoaa no nkotodwe bɛn ne moma so (``knee-chest position'') a, ebetumi ama wo ho atɔ no. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea wobɛyɛ eyi.

So wobetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ eyi mu no so?

Ɛwom sɛ mpɛn pii no wonnim nea ɛde komayare ba mmofra a wɔawo wɔn foforo so ankasa de, nanso nhwehwɛmufo gye di sɛ ɛna no akwahosan ne n’asetra kwan bere a wanyinsɛn no betumi aka no. Nneɛma a edidi so yi betumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ akokoaa benya komayare no ayɛ kɛse:

• Komayare a wɔde awo obi wɔ ɛna, agya, anaa abusua muni foforo mu.
• Ɛna a ɔnom sigaret bere a ɔyem.
• Ɛna no nya ɔyare mmoawa te sɛ ``Rubella`` (German akisikuru) wɔ nyinsɛn no mfiase.
• Ɛna no wɔ asikreyare a wontumi nni so.
• Nnuru bi a wɔnom (e.g., nnuru bi a wɔde sa akisikuru) wɔ nyinsɛn no asram abiɛsa a edi kan no mu.
• Ɛna nsa a ɔnom.
• Aduan pa a wonnya nni wɔ nyinsɛn mu.
• Mfe a ɛna adi boro mfe 40 bere a onyinsɛn no.

Enti, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a asiane yi so bɛtew wɔ nyinsɛn a ɛbɛba daakye mu no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwɛ w’akwahosan so ansa na woanyinsɛn, wudi ayaresa tebea horow a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw (te sɛ asikreyare) so, kwati sigaretnom ne nsa koraa, na nnom nnuru biara a wo duruyɛfo no mpene so. Sɛ obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ komayare a, nyansa wom nso sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ afotu afi awosu ho ɔfotufo hɔ.

Daakye bɛn na akokoaa a ɔwɔ `(Overriding Aorta)` betumi ahwɛ kwan?

Ebia eyi bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu ma wo, nanso nokwasɛm ne sɛ, nkokoaa dodow no ara kɔ so tra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ na apɔwmuden wɔ oprehyɛn akyi.

• Nkokoaa a wɔayɛ wɔn oprehyɛn a edi mu ama Tetralogy of Fallot (a Overriding Aorta ka ho) bɛboro 90% nyin yiye na wɔtra ase mpanyimfo asetra a ɛfata. Wɔkɔ sukuu, wodi agoru, wɔyɛ adwuma, na wɔwo mmusua. Ebinom tra ase a ahoɔden wom kosi wɔn mfe 70 ne 80 mu.
• Nanso, sɛ wɔanyɛ oprehyɛn a, tebea no yɛ nea asiane wom. Sɛ ɛba saa a, bere kɔ so no, yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no bɛkɔ so asɛe, na ɛbɛma wo nkwa nna ayɛ mmerɛw. Ebia worentra ase nkosi mfe 20 mpo.

Enti, nea ehia paa ne sɛ yɛde ayaresa a ɛfata bɛma wɔ bere a ɛfata mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔbɛhwɛ akokoaa no bere a wɔayɛ no oprehyɛn awie no?

Sɛ wode wo ba no ba fie bere a wɔayɛ wo oprehyɛn awie a, wowɔ asɛyɛde kɛse.

• Nsrahwɛ a wɔde di akyi daa: Wo ba no behia sɛ wɔkɔ mmofra komayare ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn daa. Ebia eyinom taa ba mfiase no, na afei ɛtaa ba. Mma nntwa eyinom so.
• Ɔhome mu nyarewa a wɔbɛbɔ wɔn ho ban: Mmofra a wɔayɛ wɔn koma oprehyɛn te sɛ eyi betumi anya ɔhome mu yare, na ebetumi de nsɛnnennen aba ntɛm ara. Enti ma wo ba no ntwe ne ho mfi nnipa a wɔwɔ atiridii ne atiridiinini ho. Sɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛte saa ba a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.
• Nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa: Ebia nnuruyɛfo bɛkamfo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa akyerɛ ansa na wɔayɛ wɔn sẽ bi anaa oprehyɛn nketenkete afoforo de asiw komayare (endocarditis) ano. Bisa wo duruyɛfo no eyi ho asɛm.
• Aduandi ne Onyin: Hwɛ wo ba no aduan pa ne ne nyin so.
• Dwumadi ahorow: Bere a wo ba no nyin no, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa dwumadi ne agoru ahorow a obetumi ayɛ ho asɛm. Mpɛn pii no, otumi yɛ biribiara sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Bere a yɛrenyin no, koma mu haw foforo betumi asɔre, enti ɛho hia yiye sɛ yɛtoa komayare ho ɔbenfo nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi so kosi mpanyin afe so mpo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wo ba no da saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi bi adi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn anaa fa no kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara:

• Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne foforo da adi a.
• Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea wo honam ani, w’ano, ne wo tɛkrɛma reyɛ bruu a.
• Sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome a.
• Sɛ wompɛ sɛ wobɛnom nufusu anaa wubedi aduan a.
• Sɛ ɛte sɛ nea wobrɛ ntɛmntɛm a.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ (ER)?

Sɛ wo ba no renya ``Tet spell'' a emu yɛ den, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔbɛdan bruu mpofirim, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome, anaasɛ ɔrebɛtotɔ piti a, frɛ 911 ntɛm ara anaa fa no kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn no no dan a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so. Ɛhɔ no, wobetumi ama wɔn oxygen ne/anaasɛ nnuru te sɛ ``Morphine'' de adi tebea no so.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Wɔ bere a ɛte sɛɛ mu no, ebia nsɛmmisa pii bɛba w’adwenem. Nsuro sɛ wobɛbisa wo duruyɛfoɔ nneɛma yi ho asɛm:

• So ɛsɛ sɛ meto me ba no agumadi anaa dwumadi afoforo ano hye?
• Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ me ba no ba bɛhwɛ?
• So ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ me ba no oprehyɛn pii? Sɛ saa a, bere bɛn na?
• Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ kwan? Dɛn na wobetumi ayɛ de asiw wɔn kwan?
• Nnuru bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ma akokoaa no? Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ma? So wɔwɔ nsunsuanso bɔne?

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a yɛpɛ sɛ yɛde fie fie fi saa asɛm yi mu ne

Okay, yɛaka Overriding Aorta ne Tetralogy of Fallot ho asɛm pii. Ebia worete nhyɛso kɛse nka mprempren. Nanso, kae nneɛma yi:

• Overriding Aorta yɛ komayare a wɔde awo obi a wɔfrɛ no Tetralogy of Fallot. Eyi ne bere a akokoaa no aorta no nhyia, na ɛma mogya a oxygen nnim no sen fa nipadua no nyinaa mu.
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi ayɛ honam ani bruu, ɔbrɛ, ahome a ɛyɛ den, ne ‘tet spells’ a ɛyɛ hu.
• Wobetumi de oprehyɛn asa tebea yi yiye. Nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn ayɛ oprehyɛn yi yiye kɛse mfe du du pii ni.
• Wɔ oprehyɛn akyi no, nkokoaa pii tra ase wɔ apɔwmuden, sɛnea ɛte biara.
• Aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no daa ne nnuruyɛfo afotu a wobedi akyi ne nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara. Ɛnyɛ wo nkutoo na wowɔ saa akwantu yi mu. Nnuruyɛfo, ayarehwɛfo, ne akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo a wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛboa wo ne wo ba no na wɔakyerɛ wo kwan. Enti momma mo bo ntɔ mo yam.

Sɛ wo ba a wɔawo no foforo retwɛn oprehyɛn a, hwɛ hu sɛ wubebisa oduruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo no nneɛma a wubetumi ayɛ de aboa wo ba bere a wɔreyɛ oprehyɛn no, ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛ ``tet spell'' bi ba a. Saa nimdeɛ no bɛboa wo kɛse.

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