So wopɛ sɛ wuhu yare a nwansena de ba yi nso ho asɛm? Momma yɛnka St. Louis Encephalitis Virus ho asɛm!

Nwansena nyɛ ɔhɔho wɔ yɛn man yi mu. Nanso so wunim sɛ nwansena bi nso tumi de nyarewa a ɛyɛ hu ba? Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka yareɛ bi a ɛntaa nsi nanso ebetumi ayɛ asiane a nwansena de ba ho asɛm. Ɛno ne St. Louis Encephalitis Virus, anaa SLEV tiawa.

Dɛn ne St. Louis Amemene mu Yare mmoawa (SLEV)? Ɔkwan bɛn so na ɛtrɛw?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, eyi yɛ mmoawa a nwansena na ɛtrɛw. Culex nwansena pɔtee na ɛde ba. Sɛ saa mmoawa yi hyɛn wo nipadua mu a, nea ɛyɛ hu sen biara ne sɛ ebetumi ama amemene no mu ahonhon, na ɛno ne ɔfe. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi amemene mu yare.

Nnipa dodow no ara nya SLEV fi nwansena a ɔwɔ ɔyare no ka wɔn mu. Nanso, ɛntrɛw mfi onipa biako so kɔ foforo so denam nsa a wɔkyere, atuu a wɔnom, anom a wɔnom fi kuruwa koro mu, anaa atuu a wɔfew wɔn ho so. Ɛno yɛ ahotɔ kɛse, ɛnte saa? Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ wobetumi atrɛw denam mogya a wɔde ma so .

Ɛhe na yare yi abu so kɛse? So ɛtaa ba?

Saa yare yi a wɔfrɛ no SLEV no ntaa mma koraa. Wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ nnipa dodow no ara fi United States, titiriw apuei fam, mfinimfini, ne anafo fam atɔe aman no. Nanso, wɔabɔ ayarefo yi ho amanneɛ nso afi aman te sɛ Argentina, Canada, Caribbean, ne Mexico.

Sɛnea U.S. Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Nyarewa So (CDC) kyerɛ no, nnipa bɛboro 300 pɛ na wɔabɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔanya SLEV wɔ afe 2003 ne 2024 ntam hɔ.Wɔ U.S. no, yare no taa ba wɔ ɔhyew bere mu, fi June kosi October. Nanso, wɔ mmeae a wim yɛ hyew no, ebetumi aba afe mũ no nyinaa.

Dɛn ne SLEV ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi?

SLEV ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no gu ahorow. Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia worennya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa, anaasɛ ebia wubenya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte sɛ atiridiinini.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den

Eyinom ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu nyɛ den a wɔtaa hu:

• Ɔbrɛ a ɛtra so (ɔbrɛ) a wɔte nka .
• Huraeɛ
• Tipaeɛ
• Ntini mu mmerɛwyɛ
• Abofono

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den

Nanso, sɛ SLEV mu yɛ den a, ebetumi ama amemene no ahonhon, na ɛno ne nea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm, amemene mu yare. Nsɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ nea asiane wom kakra:

• Nsakrae a ɛba w’adwene mu dwumadi mu, te sɛ adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, basabasayɛ, ne adwene a ɛyɛ basaa
• Kɔn a ɛyɛ den
• Akwaa a ɛwosow a wontumi nni so (wosow) .

Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no da sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow adi sɛ n’adwene ayera a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Ɛho hia paa!

Wɔ SLEV a emu yɛ den mu no, coma ne owu mpo betumi aba.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi?

Mpɛn pii no, egye nnanan kosi dunan ansa na SLEV ho sɛnkyerɛnne no ada adi bere a nwansena a ɔwɔ ɔyare no aka wo akyi. Yɛfrɛ eyi bere a wɔde hyɛ nipadua no mu, anaasɛ bere a edi kan ansa na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ada adi ara kwa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na St. Louis amemene mu yare ba?

Nwansena nya SLEV denam mogya a wɔnom fi nnomaa a wɔanya ɔyare no mu no so. Afei, sɛ nwansena a wɔanya ɔyare no yi ka wo honam ani, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wɔnom mogya a, SLEV mmoawa no hyɛn wo nipadua mu. Nea ɛho hia no, wobu nnipa sɛ ‘ɔyarefo a wawu’ ma saa mmoawa yi. Wunim nea enti a ɛte saa? Wonni mmoawa no dodow a ɛdɔɔso wɔ wo mogya mu, enti wuntumi ntrɛw yare no mu mma obi foforo. Sɛ obi nya SLEV a, enhia sɛ ɔtew ne ho, ɔhyɛ akataso, anaasɛ ɔde nnuru a ekum mmoawa gu ne afie mu.

Nanso sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ ɔyare mmoawa yi betumi atrɛw denam mogya a wɔde ma so.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya eyi?

St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa yɛ yare a ɛntaa nsi koraa, nanso ebia wobɛkɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya SLEV sɛ:

• Sɛ wote anaa woyɛ adwuma wɔ mmeae a SLEV wɔ hɔ, titiriw mmeae a ɛbɛn mmeae a nwansena wo, te sɛ nsu, atɛkyɛ, anaa kwae.
• Sɛ wode bere pii tra abɔnten wɔ mmeae a ɔyaredɔm tebea bi wɔ hɔ, titiriw anɔpa ne anwummere, efisɛ ɛno ne bere a nwansena yɛ adwuma kɛse.

Hena na ɛda adi sɛ obenya SLEV ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den?

Ɛda adi sɛ wubenya SLEV ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den sɛ saa nneɛma yi fa wo ho a:

• Sɛ woadi boro mfe 50 a.
• Sɛ wo nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ mmerɛw a.
• Sɛ wowɔ asikreyare a .

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa no mu aba?

Sɛ wɔsa no yiye mpo a, SLEV betumi de nsɛnnennen bi a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ aba. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia ɔhaw ahorow bi bɛkɔ so atra hɔ bere a yare no agyae mpo no. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Nsakrae a ɛba wo suban mu. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne nneɛma te sɛ abufuw a ɛnyɛ den, dadwen, adwenemhaw, ne abufuw.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛnantew.
• Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛkae nneɛma (memory loss).
• Afei nso, SLEV betumi ama mmofra nkumaa adwene adi dɛm .

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa no?

Oduruyɛfo bedi kan abisa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm, wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Afei wobetumi abisa nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• So woatu kwan akɔ baabiara nnansa yi?
• So nwansena aka wo nnansa yi?
• Bere bɛn na nwansena no kekaa wɔn?
• Bere bɛn na wudii kan huu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no?

Sɛ wo duruyɛfo susuw sɛ wowɔ SLEV a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ wo mogya mu nhwehwɛmu. Wɔfrɛ eyi sɛ serological test. Eyi hwehwɛ nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa wɔ wo mogya mu, titiriw nipadua mu nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a wɔfrɛ no Immunoglobulin M (IgM). Wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi de bɔ wo ho ban fi ɔyare mmoawa ho. Wɔyɛ saa nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa yi nso a ɛko tia SLEV yare mmoawa.

Ɛtɔ da bi a nnuruyɛfo betumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ fa w’akyi berɛmo mu nsu (spinal tap / lumbar puncture) bi nhwɛ sɛ IgM antibodies wɔ cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mu anaa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa SLEV?

Ayaresa pɔtee biara nni hɔ a wɔde sa St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa no. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu nyɛ den a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo nea edidi so yi akyerɛ wo:

• Sɛ wo ti yɛ wo yaw a, fa nnuru a wɔde kum ɛyaw te sɛ acetaminophen (sɛ nhwɛso no, Tylenol®), aspirin (sɛ nhwɛso no, Bayer®, Bufferin®), ibuprofen (sɛ nhwɛso no, Advil®, Motrin IB®), anaa naproxen sodium (sɛ nhwɛso no, Aleve®).
• Nsu pii a wobɛnom, titiriw nsu, yɛ ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so asiw nsu a ɛho ayɛ fĩ ano.
• Nnuru a wɔde sa akisikuru ne ɔfe. Nhwɛsoɔ bi ne bismuth subsalicylate (e.g. Pepto-Bismol®) ne phosphorated carbohydrate solution (e.g. Emetrol®).

Nanso sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den a, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔde wo kɔ ayaresabea na wɔhwɛ wo so. Sɛ SLEV ma w’amemene no ho hyehye kɛse a, ebia ebehia sɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi wo ti nhwi no fã bi (craniotomy) na ama nhyɛso a ɛwɔ w’amemene no so no afi hɔ.

So wobetumi de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa asa SLEV?

Dabi, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ntumi nsa SLEV. Wobetumi de nnuru a wɔtɔn a wɔmfa nnuru nhyɛ mu agyae yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den.

So aduru bi wɔ hɔ a wɔde bɔ SLEV ho ban?

Dabi, wonnya nhuu aduru biara a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban fi SLEV ho.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na asa?

Bere a egye ansa na wo ho atɔ wo no gyina sɛnea ɔyare no mu yɛ den so. Wɔ tebea horow a emu nyɛ den mu no, ebia wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no befi hɔ wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi mu. Nanso, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi betumi agye asram pii ansa na afi hɔ koraa.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wunya St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa ho sɛnkyerɛnne, titiriw sɛ nwansena aka wo nnansa yi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Oduruyɛfo betumi ahwɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, ayɛ nhwehwɛmu biara a ɛho hia, na wakamfo ayaresa akyerɛ wo.

Wubetumi nso abisa oduruyɛfo no nsɛm te sɛ:

• So me yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ aniberesɛm?
• So ɛho behia sɛ wɔde me kɔ ayaresabea?
• Bere bɛn na mɛte nka sɛ me ho atɔ me?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn atumi adi me yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ho dwuma wɔ fie?
• So sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow bi a anibere wom wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ mihu?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ mesan ba bɛyɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma wɔadi akyi?

Sɛ mewɔ saa tebea yi a, dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?

Nnipa dodow no ara a wonya St. Louis encephalitis virus no nni sɛnkyerɛnne biara, anaasɛ wɔn sɛnkyerɛnne no nyɛ den koraa. Ebia wo ho bɛtɔ wo ansa na mmoawa no de ɔfe aba w’amemene mu. Nanso, ebetumi de wo nkwa ato asiane mu, titiriw sɛ woadi boro mfe 50, wowɔ asikreyare, anaasɛ wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no asɛe a. Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn kɔhwehwɛ afotu. Ɔbɛkyerɛ wo nea ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan.

Nnipa dodow ahe na wowuwu wɔ St. Louis amemene mu yare ho?

Nnipa a wonya SLEV wuwu no yɛ 100 biara mu 5 kosi 20. Sɛ woadi boro mfe 50 anaasɛ wowɔ mogya mmoroso (hypertension) a, saa dodow yi dɔɔso.

So wobetumi asiw St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa no ano?

Sɛnea yɛaka dedaw no, nnuru biara nni hɔ a wɔde siw St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa ano. Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban afi SLEV ho ne sɛ wobɛkwati nwansena. Wubetumi ayɛ nea edidi so yi de abɔ wo ho ban afi nwansena ho:

• Kwati sɛ wubetu kwan akɔ mmeae a SLEV wɔ hɔ.
• Kwati nsu a egyina hɔ, te sɛ atare ne atɛkyɛ. Afei nso, nsu a wobɛpopa afi nnomaa aguaree, bokiti, nsukorabea, ne nwura kotoku mu bere nyinaa. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ nwansena wo wɔ nsu a enhinhim mu.
• Screens a ɛyɛ den a wode besisi wo fie mfɛnsere ne apon so.
• Nnuru a wɔde pam nkoekoemmoa a wode bedi dwuma bere a worekɔ abɔnten no.
• Sɛ woregye bere wɔ abɔnten a, hyɛ ntade a ɛyɛ den a nsa tenten, pants, ne sɔks.

Dɛn nti na wɔfrɛ eyi St. Louis amemene mu yare?

Wɔfrɛ saa yare yi St. Louis amemene mu yare efisɛ wodii kan huu mmoawa no wɔ 1933 mu wɔ St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Saa bere no mu no, wɔbɔɔ nsɛm bɛboro 1,000 ho amanneɛ.

Sɛ mewɔ St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa a, metumi de mogya ama?

Dabi, sɛ wowɔ SLEV yare a ɛyɛ nnam a, wuntumi mfa mogya mma. Nanso, ɛsɛ sɛ wutumi de mogya ma wɔ bɛyɛ asram anan akyi bere a ɔyare no afi hɔ no. Ansa na wode mogya bɛma no, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ oduruyɛfo sɛ woanya SLEV yare nnansa yi a.

Mpɛn pii no, nwansena yɛ ahometew ara kwa. Nanso ɛtɔ da bi a, wotumi de nyarewa kɔ, na sɛ wɔkeka wo a, wotumi de kɔ wo nkyɛn. St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa yɛ yare a ɛte saa no mu biako. Wɔ nnipa dodow no ara fam no, asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔbɛyare denneennen afi mu no sua. Nanso sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu, betumi aba. Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so abɔ wo ho ban ne sɛ wobɛkwati nwansena, titiriw wɔ mmeae a SLEV abu so no. Sɛ nwansena aka wo na woanya SLEV ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Obetumi asa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no na sɛ ɛho hia a, wahwɛ wo so ahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛrenyɛ kɛse.

Nneɛma a ɛho hia paa a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae wɔ asɛm yi mu

St. Louis amemene mu yare mmoawa (SLEV) yɛ yare a nwansena de ba a ebetumi ama amemene no ahon (encephalitis). Mpɛn pii no, efi onipa mu kɔ onipa foforo so.

• Nsɛnkyerɛnne no betumi afi nea emu nyɛ den (atiridiinini, tiyɛ) so kosi nea emu yɛ den (adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, kɔn a ɛyɛ den). Sɛ wuhu yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.
• Aduru anaa aduru pɔtee biara nni hɔ a wɔde bɛbɔ eyi ho ban. Ayaresa no yɛ ma sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no.
• Nea ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛbɔ wo ho ban afi nwansena ho. Yɛ nneɛma te sɛ yi nsu a ɛho agu fĩ, fa nnuru a wɔde pam nwansena di dwuma, na hyɛ ntade a ɛkata wo nipadua so.
• Sɛ woadi boro mfe 50, wo nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no ayɛ mmerɛw, anaasɛ wowɔ asikreyare a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya tebea bi a emu yɛ den.
• Sɛ wowɔ adwenem naayɛ anaa sɛnkyerɛnne bi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase da sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu.

` St. Louis Encephalitis, SLEV, Nwansena, Virus, Amemene mu Ɔhaw, Encephalitis, Nsɛnkyerɛnne, Siw a Wosiw Ano