Pancreas yɛ akwaa bi a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a nnipa pii nka ho asɛm pii, na ahintaw kakra. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛwɔ wo yafunu mu, wo yafunu akyi ne w’akyi berɛmo anim. Saa akwaa ketewa yi yɛ nneɛma abien a ɛho hia paa ma yɛn nipadua. Biako ne sɛ wɔbɛyɛ hormone ahorow a ɛhwɛ asikre dodow a ɛwɔ mogya mu so. Ɔfoforo no ne sɛ yɛbɛma enzyme ahorow a ɛboa ma yɛyam aduan a yedi no. Nanso, sɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ saa akwaa yi mu no sesa a wontumi nni so na efi ase kyekyɛ ntɛmntɛm a, akisikuru bi ba. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram.
Dɛn nti na ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu kokoram yi?
Asɛnnennen kɛse a ɛwɔ yare yi ho ne sɛ ɛnda sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi wɔ ne mfiase . Scan a wɔyɛ daa mpo ntumi nhu saa akisikuru yi wɔ mfiase no. Enti, bere a nnipa dodow no ara behu sɛ wɔwɔ saa yare yi no, na kokoram no atrɛw (atrɛw) akɔ akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa no akyi mu dedaw. Afei nso, saa kokoram yi tumi gyina nnuru pii a wɔde ko tia kokoram ano, enti ebetumi ayɛ den kakra sɛ wɔbɛsa. Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, aduruyɛ ho nyansahu renya nkɔso da biara da, enti wɔreyɛ akwan foforo a wɔfa so sa yare ho nhwehwɛmu bere nyinaa.
Dɛn ne kokoram ahorow a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu?
Kokoram titiriw abien na ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu.
1. Exocrine tumors: Eyi ne nea abu so sen biara. Kokoram bɛboro 90% yɛ saa. Eyinom mu nea abu so sen biara ne Adenocarcinoma . Eyi fi ase wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛhyehyɛ dwensɔtwaa no mu ntini no mu.
2. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): Eyinom ho yɛ na kakra, na ennu 10% wɔ nsɛm no mu.
Dɛn ne yare yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?
Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ a ɛda adi pefee wɔ mfiase no mu. Bere a kokoram no anyin na afi ase aka akwaa afoforo a ɛwɔ aduan mu a ɛbɛn hɔ no nkutoo na sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no fi ase da adi. Enti, ɛho hia paa sɛ wohu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi.
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Wora ne aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ (Jaundice) . | Eyi ba bere a kokoram no siw bile ntini a efi akisikuru no mu no kwan, na ɛma nnuru kɔkɔɔ bi a wɔfrɛ no bilirubin boaboa ano wɔ nipadua no mu no. |
| Nsu a ne kɔla yɛ tuntum | Nsu dan kɔkɔɔ anaa bruu tuntum esiane bilirubin dodow a ɛkɔ soro wɔ nipadua no mu nti. |
| Nsu a wɔde kɔla yɛ hann | Esiane sɛ bile ntini no asiw nti, nnuru a ɛma nsu no kɔla yɛ bruu no boaboa ano, na ɛma nsu a ɛwɔ nsu mu no nya kɔla a ɛyɛ hare te sɛ dɔte. |
| Yafunu atifi ne akyi yaw | Ebia akisikuru no bɛyɛ kɛse na apia ntini a atwa ho ahyia no. Ɛyaw no betumi ayɛ kɛse bere a woadi anaa bere a woada hɔ no. |
| Mu duru a wɔtew so a ntease biara nnim | Mu duru a ɛso tew ba esiane nsakrae a ɛba nipadua no mu nneɛma a ɛsakra mu ne aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera esiane kokoram nti. |
| Anorexia ne akisikuru | Aduan ho akɔnnɔ a ɛyera, ɛte sɛ nea ɔrefe. |
| Wora a ɛyɛ wo yaw | Ebetumi afi bilirubin a ɛboaboa ano wɔ honam ani. |
| Asikreyare a efi ase foforo | Sɛ obi nya asikreyare mpofirim a asiane foforo biara nni ho, titiriw bere a wadi mfe 50 akyi a, ebetumi ayɛ dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram ho sɛnkyerɛnne. |
Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, sɛ wunya saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛnkyerɛ ankasa sɛ wowɔ dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram. Eyinom nso betumi ayɛ nyarewa afoforo ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, nyansa wom sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara akɔhwehwɛ afotu.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram ba?
Wonnya nhuu nea ɛde kokoram yi ba ankasa. Nanso, nnuruyɛfo ahu nneɛma bi a ɛde asiane ba a ɛma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya yare no yɛ kɛse.
- Sigaretnom: Sigaret, sigaret, ne tawa nneɛma afoforo a wɔde di dwuma no yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde asiane ba.
- Kɛse mmoroso: Nipadua mu duru a ɛboro so, titiriw srade a ɛboaboa ano wɔ yafunu no mu no ma asiane no yɛ kɛse.
- Asikreyare: Asikreyare (titiriw ɔkwan a ɛto so abien) a obi benya bere tenten no yɛ asiane. Na sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, asikreyare a efi ase mpofirim no nso betumi ayɛ sɛnkyerɛnne.
- Pancreatitis a enni sabea: Pancreatitis a ɛyɛ hyew bere tenten.
- Abusua abakɔsɛm ne awosu mu nneɛma: Asiane no yɛ kɛse sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu (awofo, anuanom) anya dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram anaasɛ ɔwɔ awosu mu nsakrae a ɛne kokoram wɔ abusuabɔ te sɛ BRCA1 ne BRCA2 .
- Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma: Nneɛma te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa ne nnuru a wɔde petrol ayɛ a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu bere tenten.
- Mfe a obi adi: Asiane no kɔ soro bere a obi nyin no.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu yare no? (Nyare a Wɔahu) .
Sɛ wo duruyɛfo gyina wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so susuw sɛ dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram a, ɔbɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de si yare no so dua.
1. Mfoninitwa sɔhwɛ ahorow
Wɔde eyinom twa dwensɔtwaa ne akwaa a atwa ho ahyia a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no mfonini hwɛ sɛ ebia akisikuru bi wɔ hɔ ne baabi a atrɛw akodu.
- CT (Kɔmputa so Tomography) Scan
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so
- PET (Positron Emission Tomography) a wɔde hwehwɛ nneɛma mu
- Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): Wɔde mfoninitwa afiri ne scanner a wɔde abata afiri teateaa bi a wɔde fa ano no mu a wɔde hwehwɛ dwensɔtwaa no mu yiye.
2. Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu
Wɔhwɛ mogya no mu hwɛ sɛ protein ahorow bi (akisikuru agyiraehyɛde) a kokoram nkwammoaa yɛ anaa. Wɔ dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram mu no, ebia akisikuru agyiraehyɛde bi a wɔfrɛ no CA 19-9 dodow bɛkɔ soro.
3. Nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu
Eyi ne ɔkwan pɔtee a wɔfa so si yare no so dua. Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, woyi ntini ketewaa bi fi dwensɔtwaa mu akisikuru no mu na wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ hɔ anaa. Wobetumi afa saa ntini nhwɛsode yi bere a wɔreyɛ EUS nhwehwɛmu no.
4. Awosu mu nhwehwɛmu
Sɛ wohu sɛ wowɔ kokoram a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ awosu mu nhwehwɛmu. Eyi bɛboa ma woahu sɛ ebia biribi wɔ hɔ a efi awosu mu de wo kokoram no ba na aboa wo ma woapaw ayaresa a eye ma wo.
Kokoram no fã a wobehu (staging) .
Ansa na wobefi ayaresa ase no, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wuhu baabi a kokoram no wɔ. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ebia akisikuru no wɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu anaasɛ atrɛw akɔ mogya ntini anaa akwaa afoforo a ɛbɛn hɔ mu. Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wɔakyekyɛ kokoram akisikuru mu akuw atitiriw 4.
| Kokoram fã | Kyerɛ |
|---|---|
| Resectable (wobetumi de oprehyɛn ayi afi hɔ) . | Akisikuru no wɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu nkutoo. Ɛntrɛw nkɔ mogya ntini a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Wobetumi de oprehyɛn ayi afi hɔ koraa. |
| Borderline a wotumi twa mu | Akisikuru no ne mogya ntini a atwa ho ahyia no wɔ abusuabɔ kakra, nanso ɛda so ara wɔ baabi a oduruyɛfo a ne ho akokwaw betumi ayi afi hɔ. |
| Mpɔtam hɔ nkɔso | Akisikuru no atrɛw yiye akɔ mogya ntini atitiriw a atwa ho ahyia no mu. Oprehyɛn a wɔde yi fi hɔ no betumi ayɛ den anaasɛ asiane wom. |
| Nneɛma a ɛtrɛw kɔ mmeae afoforo | Kokoram no atrɛw akɔ akwaa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri te sɛ mmerɛbo, ahurututu, anaa yafunu mu. |
Dɛn ne ayaresa a wobetumi apaw?
Wɔnam kokoram ko, baabi a akisikuru no wɔ, beae a akisikuru no wɔ, ne ɔyarefo no akwahosan nyinaa so na ɛkyerɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so sa yare no.
Sɛɛgyiri
Ɔkwan biako pɛ a ɛyɛ nokware a wobetumi afa so asa dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram koraa ne sɛ wɔbɛfa oprehyɛn so ayi akisikuru no nyinaa afi hɔ . Nanso wobetumi ayɛ eyi wɔ mfiase nkutoo, bere a kokoram no wɔ dwensɔtwaa no mu nkutoo no.
- Whipple procedure: Oprehyɛn titiriw a wɔyɛ sɛ akisikuru no wɔ dwensɔtwaa no ti mu a. Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, woyi dwensɔtwaa ti, dwensɔtwaa ketewa no fã, akisikuru, ne ntini a atwa ho ahyia no fi hɔ.
- Distal pancreatectomy: Sɛ akisikuru no wɔ dwensɔtwaa no dua mu a, woyi saa fã no ne akyi berɛmo no fi hɔ.
- Total pancreatectomy: Sɛ kokoram no atrɛw akɔ dwensɔtwaa no nyinaa mu a, woyi dwensɔtwaa no nyinaa. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛho behia sɛ wonom insulin a wɔde twitwiw nipadua no ne nnuru a ɛma aduan mu yɛ hyew wo nkwa nna nyinaa.
Nnuru a wɔde sa yare
Nea ɛka eyi ho ne nnuru a ekum kokoram nkwammoaa a wɔde bɛma nipadua no. Wɔde eyinom ma sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa anaasɛ wɔde twitwiw ntini bi mu. Wɔde tew akisikuru bi so ansa na wɔayɛ no oprehyɛn, de kum nkwammoaa biara a aka wɔ oprehyɛn akyi, anaasɛ wɔde yɛ kokoram a atrɛw no ayaresa titiriw.
Mframa a wɔde sa yare
X-ray a ahoɔden kɛse wom a wɔde sɛe kokoram nkwammoaa. Wɔtaa de eyi ka nnuru a wɔde sa yare (chemoradiation) ho.
Ayaresa a wɔde wɔn ani asi so
Eyinom yɛ aduru foforo a ɛyɛ adwuma denam protein pɔtee bi a ɛboa ma kokoram nkwammoaa nyin na ɛtrɛw a ɛde n’ani si so so.
Ɛyaw ano aduru
Esiane sɛ dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram ka ntini a atwa dwensɔtwaa no ho ahyia nti, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi ama obi ate yaw kɛse. Enti, ɛyaw ano aduru yɛ ayaresa fã a ɛho hia yiye. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo ɛyaw nnuru anaa akwan foforo a ɛfata akyerɛ wo. Mma ɛyaw no nnye ntom, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm.
So yebetumi akwati yare yi?
Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a yɛbɛfa so asiw dwensɔtwaa mu kokoram ano koraa, nanso nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ no so.
- Kwati sigaretnom koraa. Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara.
- To nsa a wonom ano hye.
- Kura mu duru a ɛfata mu.
- Di aduan a nnuaba, nhabannuru, ne aburow a wɔayam no foforo pii wom.
- Tew nam kɔkɔɔ, anonne a asikre wom, ne nnuan a wɔayɛ no foforo a wudi so.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Pancreatic cancer yɛ yare a ɛyɛ komm a ɛnna sɛnkyerɛnne biara adi wɔ ne mfiase.
- Hwɛ sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ honam ani ne aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ (jaundice), ɛyaw a ɛkɔ so wɔ yafunu anaa akyi, mu duru a ɛso tew a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu, ne asikreyare a efi ase foforo.
- Sigaretnom yɛ ade titiriw a ɛde kokoram yi ba, enti ɛho hia paa sɛ wɔkwati.
- Sɛ wohu saa yare yi ntɛm ara na wɔde oprehyɛn yi akisikuru no fi hɔ koraa nkutoo a, na wobetumi asa yare yi koraa.
- Sɛ wo anaa w’abusua mu obi wɔ atifi hɔ sɛnkyerɛnne anaa asiane ahorow a, nsuro anaasɛ nntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔhwehwɛ afotu.
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