So woate nka pɛn sɛ w'adwene tu fra bere a oduruyɛfo bi de krataa bi ma wo na ɔka sɛ, "W'amanneɛbɔ ni?" Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kakra bere a wuntumi nhu nea nsɛmfua a ɛwɔ so no bi kyerɛ mpo no. Ɛto nnipa pii. Enti mma nsuro. Ɛnnɛ yɛreka aduruyɛ ho amanneɛbɔ a ɛho hia paa a wo nsa ka wɔ bere te sɛ eyi mu, ``Pathology Report'' ho asɛm. Momma yɛnbom nsua sɛnea yɛbɛte ase wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Pathology Report?
Ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye. Fa no sɛ wɔfa wo nipadua no fã ketewaa bi (sɛ nhwɛso no, akuru ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ wo honam ani, mogya bi, anaa nipadua mu nsu foforo bi) de yɛ nhwehwɛmu. Wɔsan frɛ eyi sɛ ``Biopsy''.
Oduruyɛfo bi a ɔyɛ ɔbenfo de afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete hwehwɛ ɔfã ketewaa a wɔafa saa no mu. Yɛfrɛ saa oduruyɛfo titiriw yi sɛ ɔyare ho ɔbenfo. Ɔte sɛ obi a ɔhwehwɛ nkurɔfo ho nsɛm mu. Ɔhwɛ nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ saa ɔfã ketewa no mu yiye na osua nneɛma pii te sɛ sɛnea ɛte, ne kɛse, ne sɛnea wɔaka abom.
Afei, ɔkyerɛw biribiara a ohui no ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu. Saa nkyerɛkyerɛmu no ne nea yɛfrɛ no ``Pathology Report.'' Ɛne sɛ, eyi yɛ amanneɛbɔ a ɛkɔ akyiri a oduruyɛfo titiriw bi akyerɛw afa nkwammoaa ne ntini ahorow a ɛwɔ nhwɛsode bi a wɔfaa fii wo nipadua mu no ho .
Amanneɛbɔ yi ka nea edidi so yi titiriw:
- Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔfaa nhwɛsode no na wosiesiee? - kyerɛ sɛ, so wɔde oprehyɛn anaasɛ wɔde needle aspiration na ɛfaa no, so wɔkoraa so wɔ biribi te sɛ ``formalin'' mu, na so wɔde nkekae yɛɛ nkwammoaa no ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobehu?
- Ɔkwan bɛn so na nkwammoaa ne ntini ahorow hwɛ wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu? - so nkwammoaa no ye ade a ewo sedee, anaase eye kesee a ewo ne kwan so anaase ne nsusuwii asesa?
- Nkwammoaa, protein, ne nea ɛkeka ho dodow ahe na ɛwɔ hɔ? - so dodow no korɔn anaasɛ ɛba fam sen sɛnea ɛte daa?
- So mmoawa bi wɔ hɔ? - se ebia mmoawa bi a wofiri abɔnten, te sɛ mmoawa, mmoawa, anaa fungi wɔ nhwɛsoɔ no mu.
Dɛn na asɛmfua ‘Pathology’ kyerɛ?
Pathology yɛ nyarewa, nea ɛde ba, ne sɛnea ɛka yɛn nipadua ho adesua. Sɛ wogye nsu anaa ntini bi fi wo nipadua mu de yɛ nhwehwɛmu a, wɔde kɔ Pathology Lab. Nnuruyɛfo a wɔwɔ hɔ no hwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ɛde nyarewa ba anaa.
`(Pathology)` boa yɛn wɔ nneɛma te sɛ:
- Hu nyarewa ne akwahosan tebea horow, hwɛ so , na hu nyarewa bi ntɛm (nhwehwɛmu).
- Si ayaresa a eye sen biara a wobɛfa so ama wo ho gyinae .
- Nya adwene wɔ sɛnea yare no bɛkɔ so daakye (prognosis).
- Hwɛ asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya nyarewa bi. Sɛ nhwɛso no, awosu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ de hwɛ sɛ awosu mu nkwaadɔm mu nsakrae a ebetumi de kokoram aba anaa.
Hokwan bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya Pathology Report?
Yɛtaa susuw ``pathology report`` ho sɛ biribi a ɛba wɔ ``biopsy`` akyi de hwɛ sɛ kokoram anaa. Nanso nokwarem no, yenya amanneɛbɔ ahorow yi wɔ tebea horow pii mu sen saa. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔyɛ amanneɛbɔ yi bere biara a wobegye nhwɛsode bi afi nipadua no mu na wɔasɔ ahwɛ de ahu tebea biara, na ɛnyɛ kokoram nkutoo.
Nhwɛso ahorow bi ni:
| Sɔhwɛ/ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no din | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Biopsy a wɔde hwehwɛ nipadua mu | Ntini ketewaa bi a wogye fi nipadua no mu de yɛ nhwehwɛmu (e.g., honam ani akisikuru, nufu no mu akisikuru). |
| Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu | Hwɛ nkwammoaa ne nnuru a ɛwɔ mogya no mu. |
| Colonoscopy a wɔde hwɛ nipadua no mu | Sɛ wɔde mfoninitwa afiri a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo no mu bɛhwehwɛ ntini nketenkete (polyps) a wɔfaa bere a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no mu. |
| Endoscopy (Nkwammoaa mu nhwehwɛmu / EGD) . | Sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ ntini ahorow a wɔfaa bere a wɔreyɛ yafunu ne aduannoa mu nhwehwɛmu no mu. |
| Afã horow a wɔde oprehyɛn yi fi hɔ | Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wɔbɛhwehwɛ akisikuru, awotwaa, nufu bi fã bi (lumpectomy) anaa nufu no nyinaa mu (mastectomy) bere a wɔayi afi hɔ awie no. |
| Nipadua mu nsu ho nhwehwɛmu | Sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ mmoawa anaa nneɛma afoforo a ɛnteɛ wɔ nsu, nsu, ahurututu, ne nea ɛkeka ho mu. |
Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wɔde wo nipadua no fã biara kɔ sɛ wɔnkɔhwɛ a, wɔyɛ ``Pathology Report`` ma no.
Dɛn ne Pathology Report no afã atitiriw? Momma yɛnhwɛ!
Okay, afei momma yɛnhwɛ amanneɛbɔ yi afã horow a wɔkenkan wɔ nsɛmfua a ɛyɛ nwonwa mu. Ɛnyɛ amanneɛbɔ biara na ɛsɛ sɛ wonya afã horow yi nyinaa. Nanso eyinom yɛ afã horow a ɛtaa ba no bi.
| Amanneɛbɔ no fã bi | Nea ɛkyerɛ ara kwa |
|---|---|
| Dwumadikwan | Ɔkwan a wɔfaa so yii saa nhwɛsode yi fii wo nipadua mu. (e.g. ‘Excision Biopsy’, ‘Colonoscopy a wɔde Polypectomy ayɛ’). |
| Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a Ɛyɛ Den | Sɛnea oduruyɛfo titiriw no betumi ahu nhwɛsode no pefee a ɔmfa afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete nni dwuma ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu. Wɔakyerɛw nneɛma te sɛ ne kɔla, ne mu duru, ne ne kɛse wɔ ha. |
| Microscopic Nkyerɛkyerɛmu | Eyi ne amanneɛbɔ no koma. Ɛkyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea nkwammoaa no hwɛ wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu mu . Saa ɔfã yi na ɛkyerɛ sɛ ebia nkwammoaa no te sɛ nea ɛteɛ, ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata, anaasɛ kokoram nkwammoaa wom. |
| Nneɛma a ɛwɔ nkyɛnkyɛn | Sɛ woyii kokoram akisikuru bi fii hɔ a, eyi ne ntini a ɛte apɔw a atwa akisikuru no ho ahyia no. ‘Ɛda adi pefee’ anaa ‘Negative’ Margins‘Positive’ margins kyerɛ sɛ wɔayi akisikuru no afi hɔ koraa na kokoram nkwammoaa biara nni anoano. Nkyɛmu a ‘ɛyɛ papa’ kyerɛ sɛ ebia kokoram nkwammoaa da so ara wɔ afã horow no, enti ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔsa yare foforo. |
| Stage ne Grade | Eyi ho hia yiye wɔ kokoram ho amanneɛbɔ mu. Stage ne baabi a kokoram no atrɛw akodu wɔ nipadua no mu. Grade yɛ sɛnea ɛsono kokoram nkwammoaa no wɔ nkwammoaa a ɛte apɔw ho. |
| Ntini a Ɛma Ntini Mu Ntini | Wɔsɔ nsu a wɔde hyɛ nsu mu no hwɛ sɛ ebia kokoram no atrɛw anaa. ‘Positive’ kyerɛ sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa wɔ swabs no mu. ‘Negative’ kyerɛ sɛ kokoram nkwammoaa biara nni hɔ. |
| Molekyul Nneɛma a Efi Mu Ba | Sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛhwehwɛ awosu mu nsakrae pɔtee bi (nsakrae mu nsakrae) wɔ kokoram nkwammoaa bi mu. Nea afi mu aba yi betumi aboa ma wɔahu ayaresa pɔtee bi. |
| Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe | Eyi ne asɛm a etwa to a wɔde baa awiei . Ɔfã a oduruyɛfo titiriw no gyina nsɛm yi nyinaa so ka nea yare no fi. (Nhwɛso: ‘Gastritis a enni sabea’, ‘Invasive Ductal Carcinoma’). |
| Nyansahyɛ ahorow | Ɛtɔ da bi a, oduruyɛfo titiriw no betumi akamfo nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ akyi (e.g. ‘Follow-up colonoscopy in 3 years’). |
Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na amanneɛbɔ no aba?
Mpɛn pii no ebetumi agye nna kakraa bi kosi dapɛn biako anaa nea ɛboro saa ansa na wɔanya ``Pathology Report''. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ egye bere kakra ansa na wɔasiesie nhwɛsode no yiye, ahwehwɛ mu, na wɔakyerɛw amanneɛbɔ no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu titiriw pii a, ebetumi agye bere kakra.
Wubetumi abisa wo duruyɛfo bere tenten a ebegye ansa na nea efi mu ba no asan aba.Nanso nsuro sɛ akyɛ asen sɛnea na wohwɛ kwan. Ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛkyerɛ biribi bɔne.
Yenim sɛnea ɛyɛ den sɛ yɛbɛtwɛn nea ebefi mu aba te sɛ eyi. Saa bere no mu no, bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛdan w’adwene akɔ biribi foforo so. Yɛ biribi a w’ani gye ho, wo ne w’abusua ne wo nnamfo nkasa. Mfa adesoa no nto w’adwene nkutoo so.
Sɛ biribi a ɛyɛ soronko wɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu a, dɛn na ɛba?
Sɛ biribi a ɛyɛ soronko anaa nea wɔnhwɛ kwan bi fi mu ba wɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu a, wo duruyɛfo no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ akyi, a egyina nea oduruyɛfo titiriw no hui ne ayaresa a wubetumi apaw so.
``Pathology Report'' a wobɛkenkan no te sɛ nea worehwɛ kurow bi a wonkɔɔ hɔ da asase mfonini. Nsɛm no yɛ nwonwa, na wuntumi nhu baabi a akwan no kɔ. Nanso wo duruyɛfo no na onim sɛnea wɔkenkan saa asase mfonini no. Ɔde saa asase mfonini no bedi dwuma de ate wo yare no ase na wayɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo ho nhyehyɛe.
Enti, bisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm kosi sɛ wubehu nea ebefi w’amanneɛbɔ no mu aba ne sɛnea ɛbɛka wo no yiye. Mobom betumi ayɛ mo daakye ho nhyehyɛe.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- ``Pathology Report'' yɛ nhwehwɛmu a emu dɔ a ɛfa nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ wo nipadua mu ho. Nsuro nsɛmfua a ɛyɛ den no.
- Sɛ́ anka wobɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛte asɛmfua biara a ɛwɔ amanneɛbɔ no mu ase no, ‘Diagnosis’ ɔfã no ne wo duruyɛfo nkyerɛkyerɛmu no ho hia kɛse.
- Ɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkenkan asɛm bi te sɛ eyi na woakyerɛkyerɛ wo ho ansa na wo ne wo duruyɛfo akasa. Nanso mfa nsɛm a ɛwɔ intanɛt so nsi gyinae da.
- Nsuro da sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm. Mfomso biara nni ho sɛ wubebisa sɛ, "So wubetumi akyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu bio sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mɛte ase?" Bisa kosi sɛ wobɛma emu ada hɔ koraa.
- Amanneɛbɔ yi nyɛ biribi a ɛbɛma woabɔ hu. Ɛyɛ adwinnade a ɛho hia paa a ɛbɛboa wo ma woanya ayaresa a ɛfata.
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