So wo duruyɛfo aka akyerɛ wo pɛn sɛ "di w'aduan so"? Ebia ɛyɛ asikreyare, srade, mogya mmoroso, anaa yare foforo bi. Nokwarem no, saa "aduan a wodi so" yi nyɛ aburow a wɔbɛtew so anaasɛ wobegyae nnɔkɔnnɔkɔwade a wobedi kɛkɛ. Ɛyɛ ayaresa kwan a emu dɔ kɛse, a egyina nyansahu so. Ɛno ne nea yɛfrɛ no Medical Nutrition Therapy , anaa (MNT) tiawa. Ɛte sɛ aduan ho nhyehyɛe titiriw bi a ɛboa ma wodi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so bere a ɛma wo nipadua nya aduannuru a ehia, wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata wo yare no so.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, dɛn ne Aduruyɛ mu Aduandi Ho Ayaresa (MNT)?
Fa no sɛ, sɛnea oduruyɛfo kyerɛw nnuru ma wo yare no, eyi ne nea ɛba bere a ɔyɛ nsakrae wɔ w’adidi mu de boa wo ma wo ho tɔ wo fi saa yare no mu no. Eyi nyɛ aduan a wuhu wɔ intanɛt so kɛkɛ. Eyi yɛ nea Registered Dietitian a wanya ntetee titiriw na ɔfata wɔ saa adwuma yi mu na ɔyɛ.
Ɔne wo ne w’akwahosan kuw no, a wo duruyɛfo a ɔresa wo yare no ka ho, bɛyɛ adwuma de adi kan ahu w’akwahosan ahiade ne w’ankasa botae ahorow. Afei, wɔbɛyɛ aduannuru ho nhyehyɛe a ɛfa wo ho ama wo. Nhyehyɛe yi botae ne sɛ ɛbɛma w’akwahosan ayɛ papa denam aduannuru nketenkete ne aduannuru akɛse a ehia a wode bɛma wo nipadua no so. Ɔbɛboa wo nso ma wode nhyehyɛe no adi dwuma.
Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo MNT ayaresa akyerɛ sɛ ɛbɛboa ma woadi tebea horow a enni sabea te sɛ asikreyare ne asaabo mu yare ho dwuma. Ebetumi ayɛ nnuru a wode di dwuma dedaw no. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu mpo no, ebetumi aboa wo ma woakwati nnuru a wobɛnom. Ɛho hia nso ma nnipa a wɔwɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea bi a ɛmma wontumi nmene aduan anaasɛ ɛnyam yiye.
MNT ayaresa betumi ayɛ te sɛ nea egyina w’ahiade so:
- Nnuan bi a wobegyae anaasɛ wɔbɛto ano hye . (Sɛ nhwɛso no, ka a wɔbɛka akyerɛ ɔyarefo bi a ɔwɔ asaabo sɛ ɔnto nnuan a potassium pii wom te sɛ banana ne akutu ano hye.)
- Hwɛ a wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ wobedi nnuan ne aduannuru ahorow bi dodow a ɛfata . (Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ obi a mogya atɔ no sɛ onni nhabannuru, nam, ne mpataa a dade wom.)
- Aduannuru a wɔde ma a wɔnom .
- Nnuan a wɔde fa nkyene so (Parenteral Nutrition) anaasɛ wɔde fa nsukorabea (Enteral Nutrition) so ma .
W’aduruyɛfo kuw no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu akyerɛ wo kɔ akyiri.
Nyarewa bɛn na MNT boa wɔ ho?
Aduruyɛ mu aduannuru a wɔde sa yare betumi aboa ma wɔadi nyarewa pii ho dwuma. Wubetumi anya ho adwene pa afi pon a ɛwɔ ase ha no so.
| Nyarewa kuw | Nhwɛso ahorow |
|---|---|
| Asaabo mu yare | Asaabo mu Yare a Enni Sabea (CKD) . |
| Ɔhome nhyehyɛe mu nyarewa | Ahurututu mu Yare a Ɛmma Nnipa Ntumi Siw Nneɛma Mu (COPD) . |
| Nyarewa a ɛma aduan mu yɛ den | Celiac Yare, Crohn Yare, Ntini a Ɛyɛ Abufuw (IBS), Akisikuru a Ɛyɛ Akuru |
| Asikreyare ne tebea horow a ɛfa ho | Asikreyare (Asikreyare a ɛto so 1, Ɔkwan a ɛto so 2 ne nyinsɛn mu asikreyare), Prediabetes |
| Koma mu yare | Koma a Ɛnyɛ Den |
| Mogya mmoroso ne srade a ɛwɔ nipadua mu | Mogya Nhyɛso a Ɛkɔ Anim, Srade a Ɛkɔ Anim, Triglycerides a Ɛkɔ Anim |
| Aduan pa a enni nipadua mu ne ne mu duru | Aduan pa a wonnya nni - titire wo kokoram ayarefo, mu duru mmoroso ne mmoroso |
Hena na ɔde saa ayaresa yi ma?
Eyi yɛ asɛmmisa a ɛho hia paa. Registered Dietitians (RDs) na wɔde aduruyɛ mu aduannuru ho ayaresa ma . Wɔyɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔwɔ nimdeɛ ne ntetee titiriw wɔ saa adwuma yi mu. Enti, wobetumi ama wo akwankyerɛ a wotumi de ho to so na ahobammɔ wom.
Ɛtɔ da bi a, ebia nnipa a wɔfrɛ wɔn ho "aduan ho animdefo" kɛkɛ no nni ntetee a emu dɔ a ɛte sɛɛ, enti ɛho hia sɛ wo ne RD yɛ adwuma de hwɛ hu sɛ worenya afotu a ɛyɛ nokware na aduruyɛ gyina akyi sen biara.
Wo aduannuru ho ɔbenfo ne akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo afoforo te sɛ wo duruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo bɛyɛ adwuma de ayɛ wo aduan pa ho nhyehyɛe. Wɔbɛba hɔ nso aboa wo wɔ anammɔn biara a wobɛtu.
Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa ayaresa nhyehyɛe yi ba?
Mpɛn pii no, anammɔn pii wɔ hɔ a aduannuru ho abenfo di akyi bere a wɔde saa ayaresa yi rema no. Eyi betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wɔde wo kɔ ayaresabea esiane yare a emu yɛ den nti a, ebia worentumi mfa wo ho nhyɛ saa adeyɛ yi mu denneennen mfiase no. Sɛ wo ba hia MNT a, wo na wobɛyɛ nea ɛda adi kɛse sɛ wo ne aduannuru ho ɔbenfo no bɛkasa na woayɛ adwuma no ho nhyehyɛe.
Saa anammɔn ahorow no ni:
1. Aduandi Ho Nhwehwɛmu
Eyi ne anammɔn a edi kan. Eyi ne baabi a wo aduan ho ɔbenfo no sua wo ne w’aduannuru ahiade ho ade. Wɔhwɛ nneɛma te sɛ w’aduruyɛ ho kyerɛwtohɔ, lab amanneɛbɔ, ne nea ɛkeka ho Nanso ɛno yɛ asɛm no fã biako pɛ. Nea woka nso ho hia paa.
Wo aduannuru ho ɔbenfo ne wo bɛkasa na wabɔ mmɔden sɛ obesua pii afa w’ahiade, botae ahorow, ne nea wopɛ ho. Ebia wobebisa nsɛm te sɛ:
- Dɛn na wotaa di da biara?
- So wowɔ aduan ho akisikuru bi?
- Ɔkwan bɛn so na w’asetra kwan ne w’amammerɛ ka nea wudi ne nea wonom?
- Nsɛnnennen bɛn na wuhyia wɔ aduan a wosiesie na wunya mu? (e.g., bere a wonnya, sikasɛm mu nsɛnnennen) .
- Nnuan bɛn na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wubenya na ɛnyɛ mmerɛw saa wɔ wo mpɔtam hɔ?
2. Aduandi Ho Nhwehwɛmu
Eyi nte sɛ wo aduruyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu (e.g. asikreyare). Eyi yɛ soronko. Ɛha yi, aduannuru ho ɔbenfo no de n’adwene asi ɔhaw bi a ɛfa w’aduan pa ho so.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia woredi aduannuru bi te sɛ carbohydrates pii dodo anaasɛ worenni nea ɛdɔɔso. Aduandi ho ɔbenfo no bɛkyerɛ nea ɛde ɔhaw yi ba ntini, ne sɛnkyerɛnne ne sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a worehu afi lab amanneɛbɔ ahorow mu.
3. Aduandi Ho Nsɛm a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Afei, aduannuru ho ɔbenfo no gyina nhwehwɛmu ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ wɔ atifi hɔ no so bɛyɛ nhyehyɛe bi a ɔde bedi ɔhaw no ho dwuma. Ɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wɔ wo fam na ama woatumi de nhyehyɛe no adi dwuma. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔbɛka nsakrae a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wɔ wo da biara da asetra mu ho asɛm akyerɛ wo. Ɔbɛsan nso akyerɛ wo mpɛn dodow a ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ aduannuru ho ɔbenfo no nkyɛn, ne ebia kuw nhyiam ahorow ho asɛm.
4. Aduandi a Wɔhwɛ So ne Nhwehwɛmu
Sɛ wufi nhyehyɛe no ase wie a, aduan ho ɔbenfo no ne wo bɛkɔ akɔhwɛ sɛnea biribiara rekɔ so yiye. Ɔbɛhwɛ wo lab amanneɛbɔ mu, abisa wo sɛnea wo ho te, na ɔne wo nnuruyɛfo afoforo akasa.
Sɛ wote nka sɛ biribi nkɔ yiye, anaasɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛka akyerɛ wo aduannuru ho ɔbenfo. Ɔbɛbua wo nsɛmmisa na sɛ ɛho hia a, wayɛ nsakraeɛ wɔ nhyehyɛeɛ no mu.
Mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ MNT so?
Mfaso pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi anya afi aduruyɛ mu aduannuru a wɔde sa yare no mu. Ɛnyɛ aduane ara kwa, ɛyɛ sika a ɛho hia a wode bɛto wo yiedie akwantuo mu.
| Animkɔ kwan | Nkyerɛmu |
|---|---|
| Nsɛnkyerɛnne a wɔde di dwuma | Wubetumi anya aduannuru a wuhia na ama wo tebea no ho sɛnkyerɛnne anaa nea efi mu ba no so atew. |
| Aduan pa a wonnya nni a wobɛkwati | Wubetumi anya aduannuru a wuntumi nnya mfi nnuan a wodi daa nkutoo mu. |
| Aduruyɛ mu parameters a wɔbɛma atu mpɔn | Ɛdenam nneɛma te sɛ srade ne asikre dodow a wode bɛba dodow a ɛfata so no, wubetumi akwati nnuru a wode bedi dwuma anaasɛ wobɛma nnuru no atu mpɔn kɛse. |
| Ahoɔden a wɔde ma nipadua no | Wubetumi ama wo nipadua no aduan bere mpo a wo menewam ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye no. |
| Asetra mu nsakrae | Wubetumi asua sɛnea wubedi akwanside ahorow a ɛwɔ aduan a ahoɔden wom mu no so. Wubetumi asua akwan a wobɛfa so de apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ahyɛ wo da biara da asetra mu. |
| Nkrataa a wɔyɛ no nnam | Wowɔ hokwan nso sɛ wode nsiyɛ bɛboa wɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so bɔ w’akwahosan ho ban no mu. |
So asiane bi wɔ saa ayaresa yi mu?
Asiane ahorow no gyina ɔkwan a wɔfa so ma wo aduan no so.
- Aduandi a Wɔde Ma: Asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ mogya mu yare bɛba.
- Tube Feeding: Asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ ɔyare mmoawa bɛba baabi a wɔde tube no ahyɛ mu, anaasɛ aduan mu haw te sɛ akisikuru, akisikuru, anaa akisikuru.
- Nsakrae a ɛba aduan mu: Eyi yɛ ade a ahobammɔ wom kɛse na asiane biara nni ho sɛ woreyɛ eyi wɔ aduannuru ho ɔbenfo akwankyerɛ ase a. Wobedi kan ama woahu nsakrae a wobɛte nka bere a wosakra w’aduan no.
Wo nnuruyɛfo kuw no bɛkyerɛkyerɛ asiane biara a ɛte saa ne sɛnea wobedi ho dwuma mu akɔ akyiri.
Nneɛma a wubetumi ayɛ na ama akwantu yi ayɛ mmerɛw
Wo aduannuru ho ɔbenfo bɛboa wo ma woatumi adi saa ayaresa yi ho dwuma ama wo. Wɔbɛbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛte nea wopɛ ase. Wɔbɛpɛ sɛ wohu nso sɛ akwanside bi wɔ hɔ a ɛmma wuntumi nnu wo botae ahorow ho anaa.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia nnuan a ahoɔden wom biara nni mo mpɔtam hɔ. Anaasɛ ebia woabrɛ dodo sɛ wobɛnoa aduan bere a wufi adwuma a ɛkɔ akyiri mu ba fie no. Sɛ wo ne w’aduan ho ɔbenfo no bue nsɛnnennen biara a worehyia ho asɛm a, ebetumi aboa mo ma moabom anya ano aduru.
Ebetumi aboa nso sɛ wobɛkyerɛw nea wudi ne nea wonom da biara ne bere a wudi no ho kyerɛwtohɔ. Afei nso, kyerɛw nea w’ani gye ho ne nea w’ani nnye ho wɔ w’aduan a wodi mprempren no ho.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Aduruyɛ mu Aduandi Ho Ayaresa (MNT) nyɛ aduan a wɔde di dwuma ara kwa. Ɛyɛ aduruyɛ a egyina nyansahu so a wɔde di nyarewa ho dwuma.
- Wɔayɛ saa ayaresa yi ama wo ankasa . Ɛbɛyɛ soronko a egyina wo tebea, w’asetra kwan, ne wo botae ahorow so.
- Ɛsɛ sɛ wonya saa ayaresa yi fi Registered Dietition a wanya ntetee titiriw wɔ saa beae yi nkutoo hɔ.
- MNT yɛ ɔkwan a etu mpɔn yiye a wɔfa so di nyarewa pii a enni sabea te sɛ asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, asaabo mu yare, ne srade a ɛwɔ nipadua mu no so.
- Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a ɛhaw wo wɔ w’aduan pa ho nhyehyɛe no ho a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo anaa aduannuru ho ɔbenfo nka ho asɛm pefee.
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