So wo ba kumaa no wɔ tokuru wɔ wɔn koma mu? Momma yensua Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) ho ade a yensuro!

Bere a wɔwoo wo ba ketewa no, so oduruyɛfo no kaa biribi te sɛ, "Hmm, koma mu nwiinwii kakra wɔ hɔ" bere a ɔhwɛɛ ne koma no? Anaasɛ wotee nka sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo ba no sɛ ɔbɛhome anaa ne ho fifiri bere a ɔrema nufu anaa ɔretu mmirika no? Ɛtɔ da bi a, nea ɛde saa nneɛma yi ba no betumi ayɛ tokuru ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ koma no mu. Wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, yɛfrɛ eyi `(Ventricular Septal Defect)` anaa `VSD` . Enti ɛnnɛ, yɛrebɛka eyi ho asɛm kɔ akyiri na ɛnyɛ den koraa. Ɛho nhia sɛ wobɛsuro, ɛfiri sɛ adeɛ a ɛho hia paa ne sɛ wobɛhunu yei.

Dɛn ne VSD? Dɛn ankasa na ɛba?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, VSD yɛ tokuru a ɛwɔ ɔfasu no mu (a wɔfrɛ no septum) a ɛda yɛn koma no mu adan atitiriw abien (a wɔfrɛ no ventricles) ntam. Fa no sɛ ofie ketewa bi a ɛwɔ adan anan. Wɔde afasu wɔ saa adan yi ntam sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a mogya anfrafra. "Mogya pa" a oxygen pii sen wɔ ɔfã biako, na "mogya bɔne" a oxygen kakraa bi na ɛsen wɔ ɔfã foforo.

Afei, sɛ eyi yɛ `VSD` a, dɛn na ɛba, kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ tokuru bi wɔ ɔfasu no mu wɔ saa adan abien a ɛwɔ fam no ntam a? Mogya a oxygen pii wom no fa tokuru no mu kɔ mogya a oxygen kakraa bi na ɛwom no mu. Afei ɛsɛ sɛ koma ne ahurututu yɛ adwumaden kakra. Saa tebea yi yɛ komayare a wɔtaa de fi awo mu no mu biako . Ɛtɔ da bi a saa `VSD` yi tumi ne komayareɛ foforɔ bom ba.

Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ VSD nyinaa na asiane wom. Mpɛn pii no, ntokuru nketewa no ankasa to mu a enni sɛnkyerɛnne biara.

So VSD ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, VSD ahorow atitiriw anan na ɛwɔ hɔ, a egyina baabi a ɛba ne sɛnea tokuru no te so. Ma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Membranous VSD: Eyi ne nea wɔtaa de di dwuma. Tokuru no ba ɔfasu no atifi fã a ɛda koma no ase adan abien no ntam.
• Ntini VSD: Wɔ saa ɔkwan yi so no, tokuru no ba ɔfasu no fã a ɛwɔ fam a ntini wom no mu. Ɛtɔ da bi a, tokuru bɛboro baako betumi ayɛ saa VSD yi mu.
• Inlet VSD: Saa tokuru yi wɔ tricuspid valve a ɛwɔ koma no nifa ventricle ne mitral valve a ɛwɔ benkum ventricle no ase pɛɛ. Ne titiriw no, ɛbɛn baabi a mogya hyɛn ventricles no mu.
• Outlet VSD: Wɔ eyi mu no, tokuru no bɛn ahurututu mu ntini a ɛde mogya fi ahurututu nifa mu kɔ ahurututu no mu, ne aortic valve a ɛde mogya fi benkum ahurututu mu kɔ nipadua no mu no. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ mogya fa VSD yi mu bere a efi ventricles no mu no.

Sɛ oduruyɛfo bi ka sɛ wo ba no wɔ VSD a, wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea ɛyɛ nso mu.

Dɛn ne VSD ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow? So ɛsono mmofra ne mpanyimfo?

VSD ho sɛnkyerɛnne gyina tokuru no kɛse so. Ebia tokuru ketewaa bi (a ennu milimita 3, a ne kɛse bɛyɛ sɛ aduru a wɔde sew sẽ) remfa sɛnkyerɛnne biara mma. Nanso, sɛ tokuru no sõ kakra (ne kɛse yɛ mfinimfini, milimita 3-5, anaa kɛse, milimita 6-10, bɛyɛ sɛ pea) a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow betumi ada adi.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn foforo mu

Sɛ akokoaa a wɔawo no foforo wɔ VSD kɛse a, ebetumi anya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛte sɛ komayare . Eyinom bi ne:

• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den: Nneɛma te sɛ ahome a wɔhome ntɛmntɛm, aperepere sɛ wobɛhome.
• Fifiri anaa ɔbrɛ a ɔte nka bere a ɔrema nufu no: Ebia akokoaa no bɛte ɔbrɛ nka bere a wanom nufusu kakra mpo akyi.
• Mu duru a ɛnkɔ soro: Sɛ akokoaa no mu duru nkɔ soro sɛnea ɛfata ne mfe a wadi a.
• Ɔhome mu yare a ɛtaa ba: Sɛ wotaa nya atiridiinini na wofefe.

Nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ mmofra a wɔanyinyin ne mpanyimfo mu

Sɛ abofra a wanyin anaa ɔpanyin bi wɔ VSD a, ebia wɔbɛte nka sɛ wɔabrɛ anaasɛ wɔn home ayɛ wɔn yaw bere a wɔreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ no . Sɛ wɔbrɛ mmerɛw bere a wɔredi agoru, wɔretu mmirika, anaa wɔrehuruw a, ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho.

So tokuru no kɛse nso ka no?

Yiw, koraa. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, sɛ tokuru no sua a, ebia ɔhaw biara nni hɔ. Nanso bere a tokuru no reyɛ kɛse no, mogya tu kɔ koma no mu adan abien no ntam. Ɛno ne bere a sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi.

Dɛn nti na saa VSD yi ba? Dɛn na ɛde ba?

Wonnya nhuu nea ɛde VSD ba ankasa . Ɛtaa ba bere a koma no nnyin yiye bere a akokoaa no renyin wɔ awotwaa no mu no. Ɛne sɛ, ɔfasu a ɛda koma no mu adan ntam no ntoto mu koraa.

Nanso, ɛtɔ mmere bi a VSD betumi ne tebea afoforo a wonya fi awo mu ka ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, mmofra a wɔwɔ awosu mu tebea horow te sɛ Down syndrome no taa nya VSD.

Ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ komayare a ɛba ɔpanyin mu betumi asɛe ɔfasu a ɛda koma no nkwammoaa ntam no na ama VSD foforo ayɛ. Eyi ho yɛ na koraa.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ obenya VSD?

Wɔahu sɛ nneɛma bi ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya VSD no yɛ kɛse kakra:

• Nkokoaa a wɔawo wɔn ntɛm: Nkokoaa a wɔwo wɔn ansa na da a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔwo no adu.
• Awosu mu tebea horow bi: Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, tebea horow te sɛ ``Down syndrome''.
• Nnuru bi a wɔnom bere a wɔyem: Nnuru te sɛ valproic acid ne phenytoin, a wɔde sa akisikuru.
• Nsã a wɔnom bere a wɔyem: Wosusuw sɛ eyi nso yɛ asiane, nanso nhwehwɛmu foforo ho hia.

Eyinom yɛ asiane ahorow nkutoo, na wontumi nka sɛ VSD bɛba esiane sɛ saa nneɛma yi wɔ hɔ nti.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi aba wɔ VSD mu? So eyinom yɛ nea asiane wom?

Sɛ mogya fa VSD mu tu a, ɛbɛyɛ den sɛ wo ba no koma bɛyɛ adwuma yiye. Sɛ tokuru no sõ a, ɛsɛ sɛ koma no yɛ adwumaden. Sɛ koma no yɛ adwumaden saa bere tenten a, ɔhaw ahorow betumi aba koma ne ahurututu mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a eyinom betumi ayɛ aniberesɛm .

Esiane sɛ ɛsono nhyɛso a ɛwɔ koma no mu adan abien no mu nti, mogya pii tumi sen kɔ ahurututu no mu. Eyi betumi de tebea horow a emu yɛ den te sɛ ahurututu mu mogya mmoroso aba . Sɛ wɔansa VSD a ɛyɛ mfinimfini anaa kɛse wɔ mfe 2 ntam a ebetumi ama obi anya tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no Eisenmenger syndrome . Eyi betumi asɛe mogya ntini a ɛwɔ ahurututu mu no daa.

Nsɛnnennen afoforo betumi ayɛ:

• Koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye
• Aortic a ɛsan kɔ nipadua no mu
• Ventricles a ayɛ kɛse
• Ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba koma no mu (Endocarditis) .
• Koma mu nnyigyei a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so
• Nnwodwoɔ

Eyi nti na ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ oduruyɛfo afotu bere a woahu sɛ wowɔ VSD ara pɛ no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nnuruyɛfo hu sɛ obi anya VSD?

Oduruyɛfo begyina wo ba no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu, ne nhwehwɛmu titiriw bi so ahu VSD. Sɛ tokuru no sua koraa a, ebia ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobehu VSD efisɛ sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni mu.

Wɔtaa hu VSD bere a wɔreyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu . Sɛ oduruyɛfo de afiri a wɔde tie asɛm tie akokoaa koma a, sɛ VSD bi wɔ hɔ a, wɔte koma mu nwiinwii . Saa nnyigyei yi betumi ama woanya tokuru no kɛse ho adwene a ɛyɛ den.

Nhwehwɛmu ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi akyerɛ nsakrae a ɛba koma no nhyehyɛe, koma no bɔ, ne mogya a ɛkɔ mu esiane VSD nti:

• Echocardiogram: Eyi ne sɔhwɛ a ɛho hia sen biara. Ɛte sɛ nea wɔde ultrasound scan yɛ koma no. Ebetumi akyerɛ sɛnea tokuru no kɛse te, faako a ɛwɔ , ne mogya dodow a ɛretu.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Sɔhwɛ a wɔde hwɛ sɛnea koma no mu anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma.
• Chest X-ray: Wobetumi de eyi ahwɛ sɛ koma no ayɛ kɛse anaa mogya pii wɔ ahurututu no mu.
• Koma mu CT mfoninitwa
• Koma mu MRI `(Koma mu MRI)`
• Koma mu catheterization: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde afiri ketewaa bi fa mogya ntini bi mu kɔ koma no mu de susuw nhyɛso na wɔfa nhwɛsode ahorow.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wo ne abofra a ɔwɔ VSD di?

VSD dodow no ara sua koraa na ɛmfa ɔhaw biara mma. Wɔ tebea horow a ɛtete saa mu no, oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no so na wahwɛ sɛ tokuru no ankasa to mu anaa. Mpɛn pii no , ntokuru nketewa yi ankasa to mu bere a wɔadi mfe 6 no.. Wɔ tebea horow bi mu no, ebetumi agye bere tenten. Nanso mfeɛ aduonu akyi no, ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ `VSD` bi bɛto mu wɔ n'ankasa mu.

Sɛ wowɔ VSD a ɛyɛ mfinimfini anaa kɛse a, ɛda adi sɛ wo duruyɛfo bɛkamfo akyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn anaa ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so to tokuru no mu . Saa bere yi de, ebia wɔbɛma wo nnuru a wode bedi wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so.

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ, sɛ wosiesie VSD kɛse bi ansa na wadi mfe 2 a, ebetumi asiw akokoaa no koma ne n’ahurututu a ɛsɛe no ano. Sɛ ɛnte saa a, nneɛma a wɔsɛe no no betumi ayɛ nea ɛtra hɔ daa na bere kɔ so no, asɛe kɛse.

Nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na woadi sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so ansa na wɔayɛ oprehyɛn, anaasɛ sɛ wosusuw sɛ tokuru no ankasa to mu a, ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru te sɛ:

• Nnuru a ɛma nsu fi nipadua mu: Eyinom yɛ adwuma denam nsu a ɛboro so a ɛboaboa ano twa akokoaa no koma ho no so tew so.
• Nnuru a wɔde ma komayare: Eyinom hwɛ sɛnea akokoaa no koma bɔ ntɛmntɛm ne ahoɔden so.

Oprehyɛn anaa akwan foforo a wɔfa so yɛ no

Akwan titiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so asiesie `VSD`:

• Oprehyɛn: Oduruyɛfo bi a ɔyɛ koma oprehyɛn to tokuru no mu. Wobetumi apam tokuru no mu, anaasɛ wɔde ade a wɔde ayɛ anaa akokoaa no ankasa ntini ayɛ aduru.
• Nneɛma a wɔde fa transcatheter mu: Eyi nhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn. Wɔde afiri ketewaa bi (catheter) fa mogya ntini kɛse bi a ɛwɔ nan anaa abasa no mu kɔ koma no mu, na wɔde afiri titiriw bi fa mu de to tokuru no mu.

Wɔ akwan abien yi nyinaa mu no, bere kɔ so no, akokoaa no koma ntini nyin twa aduru anaa afiri no ho hyia, na ɛbɛyɛ koma no fasu no ankasa fã.

Bere a wɔde bɛsan agye wɔ VSD a wɔasiesie akyi no gyina ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no so. Akwan a wɔfa so de catheter no betumi agye nna kakraa bi kosi adapɛn kakraa bi ansa na ayɛ yiye. Oprehyɛn betumi agye adapɛn anaa asram kakraa bi. Mpɛn pii no, VSD ho sɛnkyerɛnne no bɛbrɛ ase wɔ saa ayaresa ahorow yi akyi.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wo anaa wo ba no wɔ VSD a, hu VSD ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛtaa ba, ne nsakrae biara a ɛba mpofirim anaa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a ɛyɛ soronko. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ ɛyɛ den ma wo anaa wo ba no sɛ wobɛhome, anaasɛ wo honam ani, anofafa, anaa nsateaa nnadewa dan bruu/yɛ bruu (wɔfrɛ eyi cyanosis) a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara.

Sɛ wuhu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi bi a, wo ne wo ba no duruyɛfo nkasa:

• Mu duru a ɛkɔ soro brɛoo sen sɛnea na wɔhwɛ kwan.
• Fifiri anaa nhyɛso a ɛba bere a ɔrema nufu no.
• Ahomegye a enni hɔ bere nyinaa, ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛhome.
• Ɔhome mu nyarewa a wɔtaa nya.

Sɛ wowɔ VSD sɛ ɔpanyin a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka saa nneɛma yi ho asɛm:

• Sɛ wobrɛ ntɛmntɛm anaasɛ wo home yɛ wo yaw bere a woreyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a.
• Sɛ wo ho yɛ fitaa bere nyinaa, anaasɛ wuhu sɛ wo nsateaa ano anaa w’ano reyɛ bruu a.

Afei nso, sɛ wowɔ VSD a, ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo ansa na woayɛ wo oprehyɛn foforo anaa wo sẽ ho ayaresa.

Nsɛmmisa a ɛho hia bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wobisa oduruyɛfo no?

Wubetumi abisa wo ba no oduruyɛfo nsɛm yi:

• Me ba no Ventricular Septal Defect no kɛse te dɛn?
• Ayaresa bɛn na wokamfo kyerɛ?
• So mihia calories foforo na aboa me ba no ma ne mu duru ayɛ kɛse ntɛmntɛm?
• Mpɛn ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ me ba no ba ma ɔyɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛbɛma wadi n’akyi?

Nsɛmmisa yi akyi no, nsuro sɛ wubebisa biribiara a wubetumi asusuw ho.

Dɛn na wubetumi ahwɛ kwan bere a wo ne VSD te no? Dɛn na awofo betumi ayɛ de aboa wɔn ba kumaa?

Wɔ VSD a ɛyɛ mfinimfini anaa kɛse fam no, mpɛn pii no, tokuru no a wobesiesie no dɔɔso na wɔasiw nsɛnnennen ano. Ɛntaa mma koraa, sɛ mogya foforo ba wɔ baabi a wɔresiesie no ho a, ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔsan yɛ oprehyɛn bio.

Mpanyimfo dodow no ara a wɔte VSD no nnim mpo sɛ wɔwɔ bi, efisɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa bi a ɛmma ɔhaw biara mma. Nanso sɛ VSD no yɛ kɛse (titiriw sɛ wɔansiesie a) ebetumi aka w’asetra kwan. Sɛ ɔpanyin bi wɔ VSD a, ebetumi atra hɔ ne nkwa nna nyinaa gye sɛ wɔasiesie.

Nnipa dodow no ara a wɔwɔ VSD no tra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ, te sɛ obi a onni bi no ara pɛ. Eyi te saa titiriw sɛ VSD no sua na ɛto mu ara kwa a.

Nanso, nnipa a wɔwɔ VSD a ɛyɛ mfinimfini anaa kɛse (sɛ́ wɔasa anaasɛ wɔansa) no betumi anya nkwa nna tiaa kakra, titiriw sɛ wɔansiesie VSD no ntɛm a. Sɛ tebea bi te sɛ Eisenmenger syndrome ba a, wobetumi atew nkwa nna so.

Nneɛma a wubetumi ayɛ sɛ ɔwofo:

• Sɛ wo ba no wɔ VSD ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, ɛda adi sɛ oduruyɛfo no bɛtu no fo sɛ onnye n’ahome na ɔnkwati apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a emu yɛ den . Titiriw sɛ ɔwɔ Eisenmenger syndrome a, ɛnsɛ sɛ ɔyɛ biribiara a ɛbɛma koma no ayɛ basaa dodo.
• Fa w’aduru no sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nsesa wo nnuru no anaa nnyae a wo duruyɛfo nka ho afotu.
• Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte dadwen ne ehu nka bere a wuhu sɛ wo ba no wɔ Ventricular Septal Defect no. Sɛ wote nka saa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne wo ba no duruyɛfo bɛkasa. Saa kwan no so no, wubetumi anya tebea no ne nea wobɛhwɛ kwan no ase yiye. Wo duruyɛfo nso betumi aboa wo ma woate sɛnea wobɛsa yare no ase, asiw nsɛnnennen ano, na ama nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ wo ba no asetra so no ayɛ ketewaa bi.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie:

Okay, enti yɛaka `VSD` ho asɛm pii. Kae eyi nso:

• `VSD` yɛ tokuru a ɛwɔ ɔfasuo a ɛda koma no ase adan mmienu no ntam.
• VSD nketewa paa to wɔn ankasa mu a wonni sɛnkyerɛnne biara.
• VSD akɛse betumi de sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow aba, titiriw wɔ nkokoaa nkumaa mu, te sɛ ɔbrɛ ne ahome a ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛhome bere a wɔrema nufu no.
• Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ VSD a, ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na woyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ echocardiogram.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔde sa VSD akɛse, anaasɛ transcatheter akwan wɔ hɔ. Eyinom betumi de aba pa ara aba.
• Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ wubehu yare no ntɛm na woanya ayaresa a ɛho hia. Eyi betumi aboa kɛse ma wɔasiw nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ano.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa foforo bi fa eyi ho a, nsuro sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` VSD, tokuru a ɛwɔ koma mu, ventricular septal defect, mmofra komayare, komayare a wɔde awo obi, komayare ho sɛnkyerɛnne, VSD ayaresa