Let's learn everything about the 'surgical mesh' used in hernia surgery in a simple way!

Did the doctor tell you that you have a hernia ? If so, he or she may have told you that you need to have an operation for it, and that at that time, a "mesh" (a net-like material) will be inserted to strengthen the weak spot in the stomach. When some people hear the word "mesh", they get a little scared, thinking, "What is this going to put inside my body?" That's very common. So today, let's find answers to all the questions about this, what is it, why is it used, and what are the pros and cons. Let's talk about everything very simply.

Simply put, what is surgical mesh?

Surgical mesh is a type of strong netting. It is used to strengthen weakened or damaged tissue in our bodies, especially in the abdomen or groin. Think of it like sewing a stronger piece of fabric under a piece of old, frayed fabric.

This mesh is inserted by a surgeon through an incision in your body. Then, as your body heals, your own tissue grows inside the mesh and becomes entangled with it. It's like the roots of a tree near a wall entangle the wall and strengthen it, or like the wire mesh used to reinforce concrete. This gives the weakened muscle a lot of strength.

These are sometimes also called:

• Abdominal mesh
• Hernia mesh

Why use this mesh?

Surgical mesh is often used to treat a hernia. A hernia is a condition in which an organ or tissue inside our body pushes through a weak spot in the muscle wall. Think of it this way: when there's a small hole in a tire, the tube comes out like a bubble, right? It's something like that.

Surgeons can simply stitch the weakened area closed. However, over time, with the pressure of everyday activities , the stitches will loosen again, and the hernia will likely recur in the same place.

What kind of material is this mesh made of?

There are several types of surgical mesh. They can be divided into two main categories based on the material they are made of: synthetic and biologic. These can come in woven or knitted forms.

Let us understand these types more clearly from the table below.

Your surgeon will decide which type of mesh is best for you. He or she will explain the advantages and disadvantages of each type to you.

How do you put this inside the body during the operation?

This depends on the type of hernia surgery you are having. Typically, the surgeon will follow these steps:

1. Applying a cut:Traditional open surgery uses a single incision of a few inches. Laparoscopic surgery or robotic surgery uses several smaller incisions .

2. Hernia repair: The herniated tissue or organ is put back in place and the hole in the weakened muscle is closed with stitches.

3. Placing the mesh: Next, to further strengthen the area that was sutured, the mesh is placed under, over, or between the muscle layers.

4. Closing the incision: Finally, the incision or incisions made on the outside of the body are closed with stitches.

What are the benefits and potential risks of this mesh?

As with any medical treatment, there are benefits and very small risks. But remember, in most cases, the benefits of treatment far outweigh the risks.

Main advantage

The biggest advantage of this is that the chances of a hernia recurring are very low. If you just sew it up without a mesh, it can happen again. But when you put in a mesh, it seems like a permanent solution to the problem. Also, this is a very safe and effective treatment method.

Possible risks

The likelihood of this risk occurring is very low , but it is important to be aware.

• Infection : As with any surgery, the incision can become infected .
• Hernia recurrence: Very rarely, a non-absorbable mesh can rupture or loosen, causing the muscles to pull apart again.
• Damage to surrounding organs: Very rarely, the mesh can become embedded in organs such as the intestines or bladder , causing some damage.
• The mesh does not bond with the tissue: Sometimes, the mesh may not bond with the body's tissue as expected and become stronger.

In addition to these risks, there are several risks common to any surgery.

• Problems related to anesthesia.
• Excessive bleeding.
• Long-term numbness or pain caused by damage to a nerve in the area where the surgery was performed.

What should I do to recover quickly after the operation?

After surgery, you will need to take some precautions until you are fully recovered. The recovery time will vary depending on the nature of your hernia and the type of surgery performed. You will usually be able to return to normal activities in about a week.

These things will help you recover quickly:

• Avoid straining when going to the toilet: Be careful not to get constipated.
• Drink plenty of water and fluids: This will prevent constipation and help the body function.
• Use the painkillers exactly as prescribed by your doctor: Once the pain is under control, it will be easier for you to walk and move around a bit.
• Walk a little every day: Walking a little as much as possible from the day after surgery will improve blood circulation and help the wound heal faster.
• Avoid lifting weights: Avoid lifting weights or doing strenuous exercise for a few months until your doctor tells you to.

When should I call the doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms after you go home from surgery, you should call your doctor immediately . Sometimes you may need to go to the Emergency Department (ETU) at your nearest hospital.

It's normal to feel a little nervous and anxious when thinking about hernia surgery. However, surgical mesh is a very effective and widely used medical device that prevents hernias from recurring. Your surgeon will provide the best solution for your situation. So don't be afraid to discuss any questions you have with your doctor.