An ka i hakili ka fanga belebeleba dɔn: kunsɛmɛnasumaya.

Yala i delila k’i yɛrɛ ɲininka i hakili ka gɛlɛn cogo min na cogo kabakoma na wa? An bɛ kuma cogo min na, an bɛ fɛn kuraw dege cogo min na, an hakili bɛ fɛn kɔrɔw la cogo min na, an bɛ ŋɛɲɛ cogo min na, ka kasi cogo min na, ani an bɛ desizɔnw ta cogo min na, o bɛɛ bɛ sinsin an hakili la. Bi an bɛna kuma hakili yɔrɔ dɔ kan min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ, o min bɛ baara kɛ i n’a fɔ ɔridinatɛri ka `(CPU)` – kunsɛmɛ , walima i n’a fɔ an b’a fɔ cogo min na tubabukan na, `(Cerebral Cortex)`.

Kunsɛmɛnasumaya ye mun ye?

N’an y’a fɔ cogo nɔgɔman na, farikolo yɔrɔ dɔ bɛ i hakili la min bɛ wele ko cerebral cortex, o ye kunsɛmɛ kɛnɛma yɔrɔ ye . A bɛ iko datugulan dɔ bɛ a lamini bɛɛ la. Yala i delila ka ja dɔw ye minnu bɛ mɔgɔ hakili la ni kurukuruw ye wa? O kurukuruw bɛ kɛ kunsɛmɛnasumaya la. O kurukuruw de bɛ a to kunnafoni caman bɛ se ka baara kɛ yɔrɔ fitinin dɔ la. Miiri k’a filɛ finimugu belebele dɔ dabɔlen bɛ kɛsu fitinin dɔ kɔnɔ. O kurukuru ninnu bɛ ni jirisun jugumanw ye minnu bɛ wele ko sulci, ani jirisunw kɔrɔtalen minnu bɛ wele ko gyri. Olu bɛ dɔ fara kunsɛmɛnasumaya yɔrɔ kan, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka farikoloɲɛnajɛ caman kɛ. Yala i b’a dɔn ko kunsɛmɛnasumaya bɛ i hakili bɛɛ girinya tilancɛ ɲɔgɔn kɛ wa!

Nin kùnkolo yɔrɔ in min bɛ Weele ko cerebral cortex, `nerve cellules` bɛ 'yɔrɔ wɔɔrɔ la. Miiri k’a filɛ, `nɛrɛmuguma` miliyari 14 ni 16 cɛ bɛ nin yɔrɔ fitinin in na. Wa a janya bɛ se milimɛtɛrɛ fila fo milimɛtɛrɛ naani dɔrɔn ma (mm 2-4). O kɔrɔ ye ko a bɛ i n’a fɔ fɛn dɔ min ka fin kosɛbɛ.

An kunsɛmɛnasumaya tilalen don yɔrɔba naani ye, walima marabolow . U ye:

1. Fɛnɲɛnɛma -yɔrɔ

2. Ɲɛgɛnɛsiraw (Parietal Lobe).

3. Waatibolodacogo

4. Kɔnɔbara basigilen (Occipital Lobe).

O mara kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ baara wɛrɛ Kɛ. A ka c’a la, kunsɛmɛnasumaya de bɛ mɔgɔ hakili taabolo caman ɲɛnabɔ minnu ka bon kosɛbɛ . Misali la, fɛnw i n’a fɔ kan, hakilijagabɔ, hakilinata, miirili, kalan, latigɛ, dusukunnataw, hakilitigiya ani mɔgɔya.

Mun na o kunsɛmɛnasumaya in bɛ wele ko "materiel gris"?

N’a sɔrɔ i y’a mɛn ko kunkolo tilalen don yɔrɔ fila ye, “fɛn jɛman” ani “fɛn finman”. Sugunɛ kɛnɛma yɔrɔ min bɛ wele ko cerebral cortex, o ye fɛn jɛmanw ta ye . O bɛ Kɛ k'a sababu Kɛ nin yɔrɔ in na, nɛrɛmuguma ni yɔrɔ minnu bɛ Weele ko "dendrites" ka selilɛri farikolow bɛ yen. "Dendrites" ye yɔrɔw ye minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ fiɲɛ, minnu bɛ nɛrɛmuguma dɛmɛ ka kemikɛli cikanw sɔrɔ ka bɔ farikolokisɛ wɛrɛ la. O nɛrɛmuguma yɔrɔw bɛ kɛ nɛrɛmuguma ye barisa tulumafɛn min bɛ wele ko "myelin" tɛ u la.

O kɔ, fɛn finman``Fɛn finman`` ye mun ye? A bɛ Kɛ ni nɛrɛmuguma yɔrɔ janw ye minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ bere minnu bɛ Weele ko ``Axons.`` O ``axons`` ninnu lamini na, ``Myelin`` min kofɔra ka Tɛmɛ, o ye tulumafɛn finman ye. O ``Myelin`` de bɛ o farikolo yɔrɔw di u ka kulɛri finman ma.

Danfara jumɛn bɛ kunsɛmɛnasumaya ni kunsɛmɛnasumaya cɛ?

O bɛ se ka kɛ i n’a fɔ a ka gɛlɛn dɔɔni, nka a ka nɔgɔn. Kunsɛmɛ ye i kunkolo yɔrɔba ye. kunsɛmɛ kɛnɛma yɔrɔ bɛ wele ko kunsɛmɛnasumaya . A bɛ iko jiriden fari.

Kɔnɔbara bɛ an kunkolo tila ka kɛ yɔrɔ fila ye, numanbolo ni numanbolo. O yɔrɔ fla ninnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn Jɛ ni nɛrɛmuguma dɔw ye minnu bɛ Weele ko corpus callosum. O kɔ̀rɔbalen in b’a To ‘yɔrɔ fla ninnu bɛ Se ka kumaɲɔgɔnya Kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ.

Nin hakili kura in (Neocortex) ye mun ye?

An ka kunsɛmɛ-yɔrɔ fanba ye nin hakili kura in ta ye min bɛ Weele ko ``Neocortex''. "Neo" kɔrɔ ye "kura" ye. A tɔgɔ Sɔrɔla bari o yɔrɔ in Wulila kɔsa in na kolotugudaw ka 'sènbɔli la. O kùnkolo kura in bɛ Kɛ hadamaden ka kùnkolo-yɔrɔ 90% ye.

An ka kunsɛmɛnasumaya fanga belebelebaw ye jumɛnw ye? (Baarakunda)

An y’a Fɔ kaban ko kunsɛmɛ-yɔrɔ bɛ an ka hakili-la-taama sanfɛla caman na. Fɛn minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ hakilinata, dusukunnataw, miiriliw, hakilijagabɔ, kanko ani hakilijagabɔ. Sisan, an k’a lajɛ min bɛ kɛ nin kunsɛmɛnasumaya yɔrɔba naani kelen-kelen bɛɛ la.

1. Kuntigi min bɛ ɲɛfɛ: Frontal Lobe

O bɛ sɔrɔ i kunkolo ɲɛfɛ, ɲɛda kɔfɛ. A bɛ baara kɛ i n’a fɔ patɔrɔn min bɛ biro dɔ kɔnɔ. Foroko bɛ dɛmɛ don fɛn minnu na, olu dɔw filɛ nin ye:

• Desizɔn tali, gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔli.
• Miirili minnu bɛ kɛ ni hakili ye. (An bɛ miiri fɛn minnu na ni hakili ye)
• Janto.
• Dusukunnataw ni kɛwalew kunbɛnni.
• Kuma bɔli. (An bɛ kuma minnu fɔ, an bɛ olu dilan)
• Hadamadenya. (An ka jogo)
• Kegunya.
• Farikolo lamagacogo.

Yɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen damadɔ wɛrɛw bɛ o ɲɛda in kan:

• Motor Cortex : O yɔrɔ de la cikanw bɛ ci walasa ka farikolo yɔrɔw lamaga.
• Prefrontal Cortex : O de bɛ fɛnw kɔlɔsi minnu bɛ wele ko "executive functions". O kɔrɔ ye ko fɛnw i n’a fɔ miirili, bolodacogo, ani gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔcogo. A bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ kɔrɔsibaga bɛ hakili yɔrɔ tɔw ɲɛminɛ.
• Broca ka yɔrɔ : O yɔrɔ in b’an dɛmɛ ka daɲɛw fara ɲɔgɔn kan ka ɲɛ ani ka kumasenw dilan ni an bɛ kuma.

2. Yelikɛla kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen: Occipital Lobe

O bɛ Sɔrɔ kùnkolo kɔ fɛ. I n’a fɔ a tɔgɔ b’a jira cogo min na, a baara kunba yeFɛn minnu bɛ tali kɛ yeli la, olu kɔlɔsili.

• Kunnafoni yelenw baaracogo n’u faamuyali. (An bɛ min ye ni an ɲɛw ye, o faamuyali)
• Donanw yelenw dalajɛli i n’a fɔ kulɛri, lamaga, ani ɲɛsincogo.
• Fɛnw ni ɲɛda dɔnni.
• Faamuyali juguya ni yɔrɔjan.
• An bɛ diɲɛ min ye an hakili la, o jɔli i n’a fɔ karti.

3. Dusukunnataw ni yɔrɔko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen: Parietal Lobe

A bɛ sɔrɔ ɲɛdawolo ni kɔkolo cɛ, kɔkolo sanfɛla sanfɛ. A ka baara ye ka:

• Dusukunnataw kunnafoniw baara i n’a fɔ magali, degun, dimi, jɔyɔrɔ, yɛrɛyɛrɛ ani funteni.
• Yɔrɔ baaracogo ani yɔrɔko baarakɛcogo. O kɔrɔ ye ka faamuyali saba di i bɛ yɔrɔ min na ani i lamini na. Misali la, nin yɔrɔ in b’i dɛmɛ ka i ka sira minɛ i ka so kɔnɔ fɛn ɲagaminenw cɛma k’a sɔrɔ i ma i senna tigɛli la, walima n’i bɛ taama sira kan.

Yɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ min bɛ o kɛrɛfɛ-yɔrɔ in na, o ye somatosensory cortex ye. O yɔrɔ de la an bɛ dusukunnataw (dusukunnataw) sɔrɔ ka bɔ an farikolo fan bɛɛ la.

Miiri k’a filɛ nin ko in na: I b’i bolo kɔrɔta ka suman funteni tasa kelen ta ka bɔ dumunikɛyɔrɔ tabali kan.

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* I ɲɛda-yɔrɔ min bɛ i ɲɛda-yɔrɔ la , o de b’a fɔ i bolo ni i bolokɔnincininw farikolow ye ko u ka “tasa ta.”

* Ni aw magara tasa la, aw ka somatosensory cortex min bɛ aw ɲɛda la , o bɛ fɛnw jateminɛ i n’a fɔ a funteni ani aw ka kan k’a minɛ cogo min na.

* O waati kelen na, yɔrɔko baarakɛcogo seko minnu bɛ kɛrɛfɛla la, olu b’a to i bɛ se ka tasa janya suman ka ɲɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni tabali ni fɛn wɛrɛw ye, k’a minɛ k’a sɔrɔ i ma fɔli kɛ.

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Yala i y’a ye ko a bɛ mɔgɔ kabakoya cogo min na ko hakili yɔrɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ baara kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ wa?

4. Lamɛnnikɛla ni hakilijagabɔla: Temporal Lobe

O bɛ sɔrɔ ɲɛdawolo ni ɲɛdawolo cɛ, kɛrɛfɛla jukɔrɔ. A bɛ iko i bɛ tulo fan fila bɛɛ la. A ka baara ye ka:

• Kan faamuyali, daɲɛw sigicogo, kalan.
• Hakilila (kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, fɛn kuraw hakili toli) .
• Lamɛnni. (Mankan dɔnni) .
• Kumaɲɔgɔnya min tɛ kumakan ye, o faamuyali (misali la, ɲɛda cogoya, kan fɔcogo) .
• Mankanw jiginni ka kɛ ja yetaw ye.

Yɔrɔ nafama min bɛ o koncha layini in na o ye Wernicke ka Yɔrɔ ye . O yɔrɔ in b’an dɛmɛ ka kan faamuya ka da mɔgɔ kan fɔcogo n’a mankan cogoya kan n’a bɛ kuma, wa a b’an dɛmɛ fana ka mankanw ni mankan minnu kalanna ka kɔrɔ, olu fara ɲɔgɔn kan.

A lajɛcogo wɛrɛ: baarakɛyɔrɔw

Dɔnniyakɛla dɔw bɛ hakili lajɛ cogo wɛrɛ la. U bɛ kunsɛmɛnasumaya yɔrɔw tila ka kɛ suguya saba ye ka kɛɲɛ n’u ka baarakɛcogo ye: dusukunnataw yɔrɔw, farikoloɲɛnajɛ yɔrɔw ani jɛɲɔgɔnya yɔrɔw.

1. Dusukunnataw yɔrɔw

O yɔrɔw bɛ dusukunnataw kunnafoni sɔrɔ ka bɔ an dusukunnataw ni sigida la.

• Kunnafoni yetaw faamuyali ani fɛnw dɔnni. (O bɛ Kɛ ɲɛnayeli-yɔrɔ fɛ min bɛ ɲɛda-yɔrɔ la.)
• Kunnafoni sɔrɔli farikolo la i n’a fɔ magali, funteni, jɔyɔrɔ, yɛrɛyɛrɛ, degun, ani dimi. (O bɛ kɛ somatosensory cortex fɛ min bɛ kɛrɛfɛla la.)
• Lamɛnni kunnafoniw baaracogo. (O bɛ kɛ mɛnnikɛlan fɛ min bɛ kɔkili la.)
• Taste perception (Dɔgɔya faamuyali). (O bɛ kɛ ni dumunikɛminɛn ye min bɛ ɲɛdawolo la.)

2. Motɛri yɔrɔw

O yɔrɔw bɛ Kɛ an ka farikolo-ɲɛnajɛw la minnu bɛ Kɛ an yɛrɛ sago la, minnu bɛ Kɔrɔsi kosɛbɛ ɲɛda-yɔrɔ fɛ.

• Farikolo lamaga-lamagaliw ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ.
• Labɛnni kɛli lamaga gɛlɛnw na.
• Kalan kɛli ni ladege ni hinɛ ye.

3. Jɛkulu ka yɔrɔw

O yɔrɔw jɛnsɛnnen bɛ mara naani bɛɛ la. U bɛ kunnafoniw siri ɲɔgɔn na minnu bɛ bɔ dusukunnataw ni farikoloɲɛnajɛ yɔrɔw la, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka taabolo gɛlɛnw kɛ.

• Kunnafoni minnu bɛ bɔ dusukunnataw ni farikoloɲɛnajɛ yɔrɔw la, olu labɛnni ani k’u kɔrɔ di u ma.
• Ka mɔgɔya ni dusukunnataw tacogo kɔrɔsi.
• Yɔrɔ dɔnni ni hakilinata.
• Hakilila-jɔ-cogo.
• Miirili yecogo la ani hakilijigin yelenw marali.
• So jɔ ni kunnafoniw yetaw ye, hakilijiginw, mankanw ani kan.

Kunsɛmɛnasumaya bɛ se ka tiɲɛ cogo di?

O yɔrɔ nafama sugu bɛ se ka tiɲɛ kun caman kosɔn. I n'a fo:

• Sugunɛbilenniw
• Kungolo jogin jugumanw (Trauma) .
• Bana dɔw bɛ sɔrɔ farikolo tangalanw fɛ
• Kunsɛmɛnasumaya kasaara (o kɔrɔ ye ko joli bɔli kunsɛmɛ na walima ``Stroke'') .

Taamasiɲɛ jumɛnw bɛ se ka kɛ ni kunsɛmɛnasumaya tiɲɛna?

o bɛ bɔ kunsɛmɛnasumaya yɔrɔ min tiɲɛna .

Ni ɲɛdawolo tiɲɛna:

• Hakilila gɛlɛyaw.
• Mɔgɔya bɛ yɛlɛma.
• Gɛlɛya minnu bɛ gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔ ani ka desizɔnw ta.
• Jateminɛ gɛlɛyaw.
• Dusukunnataw kunbɛnni barikantanya, kɛwale minnu tɛ sigidamɔgɔw ye, ani kɛwalew yeli.
• Sebaliya ka kuma faamuya walima ka kuma fɔ (Aphasia).
• Kuma gɛlɛya (Apraxia).
• Farikantan, paralizi, farikolo fan kelen farikolo fanga dɔgɔyali (Flaccid Hemiplegia).
• Ka fara o kan, bana minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ hakiliɲagami, olu fana bɛ se ka tiɲɛni kɛ ɲɛdawolo la.

Ni parietal lobe tiɲɛna:

• Gɛlɛya minnu bɛ hakilijagabɔ kɛcogo la.
• Sɛbɛnni gɛlɛya walima sebaliya (Agraphia).
• Jatebla gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔli gɛlɛya.
• Ɲɛgɛnɛsiraw.
• Disorientation (ɲɛnabɔli) kɛli.
• Bolo ni ɲɛw ka ɲɔgɔndɛmɛbaliya.
• Sebaliya ka fɛnw dɔn ni magali dɔrɔn ye (Astereognosis).
• Dusukunnataw bɔnɛni.
• Kuma gɛlɛyaw `(Aphasia)`.
• Lamaga-lamagali gɛlɛyaw `(Apraxia)`.

Ni waatibolodacogo tiɲɛna:

• Lamɛnni gɛlɛyaw.
• Hakilila gɛlɛyaw.
• Ɲɛda ni fɛnw dɔnni gɛlɛya.
• Kanko gɛlɛyaw (misali la, Wernicke ka Aphasia - kan faamuyali gɛlɛya).
• Ka fara o kan, bana dɔw i n’a fɔ kunfilanitu, yiriwali gɛlɛya, ani Alzheimer bana fana bɛ se ka koncha tiɲɛ.

Ni kɔkolo yɔrɔ tiɲɛna:

• Gɛlɛya ka fɛn caman ye siɲɛ kelen.
• Fɛnw dɔnni gɛlɛya yecogo la.
• Kulɛri fiyentɔya.
• Hallucinations minnu bɛ tali kɛ yeli la.
• Fiyentɔw pewu.

O bɛ se ka kɛ ko a ka gɛlɛn dɔɔni i bolo, nka a nafa ka bon ka o kunnafoniw dɔn. Sabula o tuma na, an bɛ se k’an ka kɛnɛya ladon ka ɲɛ, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la an hakili la. O dɔnniya bɛna an dɛmɛ fana ka dɔgɔtɔrɔ ka ladilikan ɲini joona ni bana taamasiɲɛ dɔw bɛ an na.

Kuma surun: Fɛn minnu ka kan ka to an hakili la (Take-Home Message) .

O bɛ ɲɛ, o la, an ye kuma kunbaba minnu kan bi, an ka olu lajɛ kokura:

• Kunsɛmɛ-yɔrɔ ye an ka kùnkolo kɛnɛma-yɔrɔ ye. A bɛ kɛ ni jiribolo ye, o min b’a to nɛrɛmuguma caman bɛ baara kɛ.
• A tilalen don yɔrɔba naani ye : ɲɛdawolo, ɲɛfɛla, ɲɛdawolo ani kɔfɛla.
• Nin kunsɛmɛnasumaya in nafa ka bon an ka hakili taabolo sanfɛtaw bɛɛ la , i n’a fɔ miirili, hakilijagabɔ, kalan, kan, dusukunnataw, ani latigɛw.
• Ni tiɲɛni kɛra kunsɛmɛnasumaya yɔrɔw la minnu tɛ kelen ye, o bɛ se ka gɛlɛyaw lase baara ma minnu bɛ tali kɛ o yɔrɔ la. Misali la, kuma gɛlɛyaw, hakilijagabɔ gɛlɛyaw ani yeli gɛlɛyaw.
• I hakili ye farikolo yɔrɔ kabakoma ye, min nafa ka bon . O ye i ka baara ye k'i janto a la. Aw bɛ dumuni nafamaw dun, ka farikoloɲɛnajɛ kɛ, ka sunɔgɔ ka ɲɛ, ani ka aw jija ka dɔ bɔ degun na.

O la, n jigi b’a kan ko aw ye faamuyali ɲuman sɔrɔ kunsɛmɛnasumaya kan bi. Ka kɛ nin fɛn suguw dɔnbaga ye, o nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ an ka ɲɛnamaya kɔnɔ.

` Kunsɛmɛnasumaya, Sugunɛ baara, Sugunɛ yɔrɔw, Nɛrɛmuguma, Hakilila, Kalan, Frontal lobe, Lateral lobe, Concha lobe, Parietal lobe