Nukae nye DSM-5? Aleke agbalẽ sia ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwòe be nàsrɔ̃ nu tso wò susu ƒe lãmesẽ ŋue nye si! (DSM-5) .

Anɔ eme be èse nya sia ``(DSM-5)``. Ðewohĩ tso ɖɔkta gbɔ, alo teƒe aɖe si ƒo nu tso susu ƒe lãmesẽ ŋu . Eyata togbɔ be esia adze nu sesẽ vie na ame geɖe hã la, mina míaƒo nu tso eŋu le mɔ bɔbɔe si me xɔlɔ̃wɔwɔ le nu egbea. Abe alesi nàƒo nu kple xɔ̃wò ene, enyoa?

Nuka tututue nye DSM-5, agbalẽ sia?

Kpuie ko la, DSM-5 nye mɔfiame blibo si ku ɖe susumedɔlélewo kple nɔnɔmewo ŋu, siwo dome tagbɔdɔlélewo kple nɔnɔmewo hã le. Amerika Tagbɔdɔlélawo ƒe Habɔbɔ (APA) ye ŋlɔe, trɔ asi le eŋu, eye wòtae.

Àte ŋu anɔ ɖokuiwò biam be nukatae "5" le ŋkɔa me hã. Ema fia be esiae nye agbalẽ sia ƒe tata atɔ̃lia eye wònye esi li nyitsɔ laa. Woɖe DSM-5 ɖe go zi gbãtɔ le May 2013. Emegbe le March 2022 me la, APA ɖe DSM-5 ƒe tata si ŋu wotrɔ asi le eye wowɔ yeyee la ɖe go. Woyɔe be DSM-5-TRTM. TR tsi tre ɖi na Text Revision, si fia be wowɔ "text revision".

Nu vevi ɖeka si dzi wòle be míaɖo ŋkui: `(DSM-5)` ​​kple `(DSM-5-TR)` nye agbalẽ siwo wowɔ be ame siwo si sidzedze tɔxɛ le, abe ɖɔktawo kple tagbɔdɔdalawo ene, nazã. Nya siwo le agbalẽ siawo me nye mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ŋutɔ. Ate ŋu asesẽ na ame tsɛ aɖe be wòase egɔme ne woxlẽe. Eya ta mègaxlẽ agbalẽ sia gbeɖe eye nàsusu be dɔléle aɖe le ye ŋu alo be yemate ŋu akpɔ ɖɔkta o. Esia le abe agbalẽ si fia alesi nàku yameʋu ene. Ðewohĩ míalɔ̃ be míaxlẽe, gake agbalẽ ma xexlẽ ɖeɖe dzaa mena míezu yameʋukulawo o, alo?

Tsɔ kpe ɖe DSM-5-TR ŋu la, APA taa zɔhɛgbalẽwo hã siwo ɖea eƒe nyatakakawo me geɖe wu. Kpɔɖeŋu aɖewoe nye DSM-5 Handbook of Differential Diagnosis (agbalẽ si kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòdea vovototo dɔléle mawo tɔgbe dome le dzesiwo nu) kple DSM-5 Clinical Cases (agbalẽ si me dɔnɔ vovovowo ƒe nudzɔdzɔwo ŋuti numekukuwo le).

Taɖodzinu ŋutɔŋutɔ kae le DSM-5 gbalẽ sia ŋu?

Bu eŋu kpɔ, hafi nàda dɔléle ɖesiaɖe la, afɔɖeɖe gbãtɔe nye be nàde dzesi nusi tututu dɔlélea nye. Esia bɔ ɖe ŋutilã kple susumedɔlélewo siaa me. Afi mae agbalẽ si nye ``(DSM-5)`` la ɖea vi le.

Agbalẽ sia na susumedɔléle vovovowo kple ahɔhɔ̃medɔlélewo ŋuti gɔmesese siwo me kɔ ŋutɔ eye wòde to . Eɖea dɔléle mawo ƒe dzesiwo kple dzesiwo hã me kple kpɔɖeŋuwo.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe dɔlélea gɔmeɖeɖe ŋu la, DSM-5 hã dea nɔnɔme siawo ɖe hatsotsowo me. Esia wɔnɛ be wònɔa bɔbɔe na ɖɔktawo kple susumedɔdalawo be woakpɔ dɔlélea nyuie ahade vovototoe tso nɔnɔme bubu siwo ƒe dzesiwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo gbɔ .

Aleke wowɔ DSM-5 lae? Amekae kpɔ gome le eme?

Be APA nawɔ DSM-5 la, eƒo tagbɔdɔdala, susuŋutinunyala, kple eŋutinunyala bubu siwo wu 160 nu ƒu tso xexeame ƒe akpa vovovowo. Dɔnyala alafa geɖe bubu kpe asi ɖe eŋu abe aɖaŋuɖolawo ene le nyati vovovowo ŋu. DSM-5 wɔwɔ bia hã be woado dodokpɔ kple numekuku geɖe ɖe eme.

Be APA nawɔ DSM-5-TR la, egawɔ dɔ kple ame geɖe siwo kpɔ gome le DSM-5 gbãtɔa me. Le wo katã me la , dɔwɔla siwo wu 200 ye kpe asi ɖe DSM-5-TR ŋu tẽ.

Nuka ŋue DSM-5 la ku ɖo?

Tagbɔdɔléle ƒe nɔnɔmewo koŋ ŋue DSM-5 la ku ɖo . Gake esi susu ƒe lãmesẽ kple ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ menye nu eve siwo to vovo o ta la, agbalẽa ƒo nu tso nɔnɔme kple kuxi siwo do ƒome kple alesi ahɔhɔ̃a wɔa dɔe hã ŋu. Elɔ dɔléle ŋuti kɔpiwo hã ɖe eme . Se siawo na wònɔa bɔbɔe na lãmesẽdɔwɔlawo be woatsɔ nɔnɔme siawo asɔ kple Xexeame ƒe Lãmesẽ Habɔbɔ ƒe Dukɔwo Dome Dɔlélewo Kple Lãmesẽkuxi Siwo Do Ƒome Kplii (ICD-10) .

Agbalẽ si nye ``(DSM-5)`` ƒe akpa vevi etɔ̃ le eme:

Akpa I: DSM-5 ƒe gɔmedzenufiafiawo

Akpa sia ɖe alesi wòle be atikewɔlawo nazã agbalẽ sia le woƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Ena mɔfiame hã le alesi woazã DSM-5 ne wole senyawo gbɔ kpɔm, abe susu ƒe lãmesẽnyawo, kple ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒewo ene.

Akpa II: Dɔlélewo Didi ƒe Dzesiwo Kple Sewo

Esiae nye agbalẽa ƒe akpa gãtɔ kekeake. Ta ɖesiaɖe si le akpa sia ƒo nu tso dɔléle ƒe hatsotso aɖe koŋ ŋu. Woɖe nɔnɔme tɔxɛ siwo le hatsotso ma me me kɔ nyuie eye woɖe wo me. Mina míalé ŋku ɖe dɔléle ƒe hatsotso aɖewo ŋu le akpa sia kple dɔléle siwo me wole:

• Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Tsitsi : Esiawo nye kuxi siwo do ƒome kple ahɔhɔ̃ kple lãmekawo ƒe tsitsi. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• `( Autism Spectrum Disorder)` ( Autism ƒomevi vovovowo ) .
• Susu ƒe Dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie/Dɔwɔwɔ fũu akpa ƒe Dɔléle ( ADHD ) .
• Nusɔsrɔ̃ ƒe kuxiwo (e.g., Dyslexia - nuxexlẽ ƒe kuxiwo, Dyscalculia - akɔntabubu ƒe kuxiwo) .

Tagbɔdɔléle ƒe Dɔléle Kple Tagbɔdɔléle Bubuwo:Esiawo nye nɔnɔme siwo me kadodo si le wo kple nu ŋutɔŋutɔ dome la me gblẽna, wokpɔa susumenuwo, eye aʋatsodzixɔsewo dzɔna le. Kpɔɖeŋuwo: Tagbɔdɔléle-seselelãme `(Tagbɔdɔléle)` Tagbɔdɔléle si nye Schizoaffective Dɔléle
• Nukpɔsusu ƒe Dɔléle

• Tagbɔdɔléle Siwo Gbɔna Kple Blanuiléle Si Do Ƒome Kplii: Esiawo nye nɔnɔme siwo me seselelãme trɔna kabakaba le dzidzɔ/dzidzɔkpɔkpɔ si gbɔ eme kple blanuiléle/blanuiléle si gbɔ eme dome. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• `(Bipolar I kple Bipolar II Dɔlélewo)`
• Cyclothymic Dɔléle

• Blanuiléledɔ: Nɔnɔme siwo ƒe dzesi enye blanuiléle ɣeyiɣi didi kple ɖekematsɔleme. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Blanuiléledɔ Gã
• Blanuiléledɔ si Nɔa Anyi (si woyɔna tsã be Dysthymia) .

• Dzimaɖitsitsidɔ: Nɔnɔme siwo hea vɔvɔ̃, dzimaɖitsitsi, kple dziɖeleameƒo si gbɔ eme vɛ. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Dzimaɖitsitsidɔ si Wozãna le Amewo Katã
• Hadome Dzimaɖitsitsidɔ (Vɔvɔ̃ na hadome nɔnɔmewo) .
• Kaklã ƒe Dzimaɖitsitsi ƒe Dɔléle
• Vɔvɔ̃ ƒe Amedzidzedze (Vɔvɔ̃ ƒe Dɔléle) .
• Vɔvɔ̃ vovovowo (abe vɔvɔ̃ na kɔkɔƒe, vɔvɔ̃ na lãwo ene) .

• Dɔléle Siwo Ŋu Wotsia Dzi Ðe Eme Kple Nusiwo Do Ƒome Kplii: Nɔnɔme siwo do ƒome kple tamesusu siwo ɖea fu na ame, gbugbɔgagblɔ (nusiwo ŋu wotsia dzi ɖo) kple nuwɔna siwo wowɔna tsɔ ɖua wo dzi (dzizizi). Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Nukpɔsusu ƒe Dɔléle (OCD) .
• Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe Dɔléle
• Ŋutilã ƒe Tɔtrɔ ƒe Dɔléle
• Ŋutilã Ƒe Ʋuʋu ƒe Dɔléle Kple Taɖa Hehe ƒe Dɔléle

• Nuveviwɔame Kple Nuteɖeamedzi ƒe Dɔlélewo: Susu me kuxi siwo dona le nudzɔdzɔ dziŋɔ aɖe me toto vɔ megbe. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Nuteɖeamedzi le Nuveviwɔame megbe (PTSD) .
• Nuteɖeamedzi Kpata ƒe Dɔléle
• Tɔtrɔwɔwɔ ƒe Dɔléle

• Dissociative Disorders: Nɔnɔme siwo me amea ƒe seselelãme le eɖokui ŋu, eƒe ŋkuɖodzinyawo, alo nuto si me wòle me gblẽna le. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Dissociative Identity Disorder (si woyɔna tsã be Amenyenye Geɖe ƒe Dɔléle) .
• Dissociative Amnesia ƒe Dɔléle
• Depersonalization/Derealization Dɔléle

• Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Dzesiwo Kple Dɔléle Siwo Do Ƒome Kplii: Nɔnɔme siwo me ŋutilã me dzesiwo doa mo ɖa le susu me nuteɖeamedzi ta, eye ŋutilã me nusi gbɔ wòtso si dze ƒã manɔmee. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Somatic Dzesiwo ƒe Dɔléle
• Dɔléle ƒe Dzimaɖitsitsi ƒe Dɔléle (vɔvɔ̃ ɣesiaɣi be yeadze dɔ) .
• Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder (si woyɔna tsã be Dzimetɔtrɔ ƒe Dɔléle) .

• Nuɖuɖu Kple Nuɖuɖukuxiwo: Nuwɔna kple nɔnɔme siwo mesɔ o siwo ku ɖe nuɖuɖu ŋu. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Anorexia Nervosa (agbagbadzedze be woaɖe lolo dzi akpɔtɔ evɔ womaɖu nu o) .
• Bulimia Nervosa (nuɖuɖu fũu akpa eye emegbe woakɔ eŋu to ʋuʋudedi alo mɔ bubuwo dzi) .
• Nuɖuɖu Gã ƒe Dɔléle
• Pica (didi be yeaɖu nusiwo womate ŋu aɖu o - e.g., ɖiƒoƒo, chalk-tiwo) .

• Eɖeɖeɖa ƒe Dɔlélewo: Le kpɔɖeŋu me, `(Enuresis)` (esia hã lɔ nusiwo le abe abadzivɔ ene ɖe eme).

• Alɔ̃dɔdɔ-Nyɔnyrɔxɔxɔ ƒe Dɔlélewo: Kuxi siwo do ƒome kple alɔ̃dɔdɔ. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Alɔ̃madɔmadɔ ƒe Dɔléle
• Narcolepsy (alɔ̃dɔdɔ kpata) .
• Alɔ̃dɔdɔ ƒe Gbɔgbɔtsixe ƒe Dɔlélewo
• Drɔ̃e Baɖa ƒe Dɔléle
• Afɔ Siwo Meɖea Dzidzɔ O ƒe Dɔléle

• Gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe Dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie

• Tɔtɔ, Dzodzro-dziɖuɖu Kple Agbenɔnɔ Ŋuti Tɔtɔ: Nuwɔna siwo gblẽa nu le ame bubuwo ŋu, womeɖua seselelãme dzi o, eye wodaa sewo dzi. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Tsitretsiɖeŋu ƒe Tsitretsitsi ƒe Dɔléle
• Amenyenye ƒe Dɔléle si Tsi Tre Ðe Hadomegbenɔnɔ Ŋu
• Kleptomania (didi si dzi womate ŋu aɖu o be yeafi fi) .
• Pyromania (didi be woatɔ dzo dzo) .

• Dɔléle Siwo Do Ƒome Kple Atike Vɔ̃ɖiwo Kple Numame: Kuxi siwo atikewo abe atike muamewo kple aha sesẽ zazã hena vɛ. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Ahanono ƒe Dɔléle
• Inhalant Zazã ƒe Dɔléle
• Opioid Zazã ƒe Dɔléle
• Dzesi siwo do ƒome kple asiɖeɖe le eŋu

• Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Dɔlélewo: Nɔnɔme siwo gblẽa nu le nuwo abe ŋkuɖoɖonudzi kple tamebubu ene ŋu le ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie ta. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Delirium (susu ƒe tɔtɔ kpata) .
• Alzheimer ƒe Dɔléle
• Parkinson ƒe Dɔléle
• Huntington ƒe Dɔléle
• Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Nuveviwɔame si Me Nuveviwɔame Le

• Amenyenye ƒe Dɔlélewo:Tamebubu, seselelãme, kple nuwɔna ƒe ɖoɖo siwo nɔa anyi ɣeyiɣi didi si wɔnɛ be wòsesẽna be míawɔ ɖeka kple ame bubuwo. Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Amenyenye ƒe Dɔléle si le Liƒo Dzi (BPD) .
• Narcissistic Personality Disorder (Amenyenye ƒe Dɔléle).

• Gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe Nuwɔnawo ƒe Dɔlélewo

• Tagbɔdɔ Bubuwo Kple Se Bubuwo: Nɔnɔme siwo mewɔ ɖeka kple dɔlélewo didi ƒe dzidzenu bubu aɖeke nyuie o, gake wokpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe ame ƒe agbenɔnɔ dzi.

• Atikewo ƒe Ʋuʋu ƒe Dɔlélewo Kple Atikewo ƒe Nu gbegblẽ Bubuwo: Kpɔɖeŋuwo:
• Tardive Dyskinesia ƒe Dɔléle
• Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Dɔléle Vɔ̃ɖi

• Nɔnɔme Bubu Siwo Ate Ŋu Anye Nusi Dzi Dɔnɔdzikpɔƒe ƒe Nukpɔsusu Le: Esiawo menye dɔlélewo ŋutɔ o, ke boŋ nusiwo gblẽa nu le nɔnɔme siwo woate ŋu akpɔ ŋu alo dzɔna ɖekae. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nuvevi wɔwɔ ame ɖokui, ameɖokuiwuwu ƒe susu/nuwɔna, ŋlɔmiwɔwɔ ƒomevi ɖesiaɖe ƒe ŋutinya, alo dɔmakpɔwɔe.

Akpa III: Dzidzenu Kple Kpɔɖeŋu Siwo Le Dzɔdzɔm

Akpa sia ƒo nu tso dodokpɔdɔwɔnu tɔxɛ siwo ɖɔktawo zãna tsɔ dea dzesi nɔnɔme aɖewo ŋu. Eƒo nu tso alesi dekɔnuwo ƒe vovototo ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dɔlélewo didi dzi hã ŋu, kple nɔnɔme siwo woate ŋu ade DSM ƒe tata si gbɔna me gake woagahiã numekuku bubuwo hafi woate ŋu ade wo eme.

Ɣekaɣie DSM ƒe tata si kplɔe ɖo ado?

APA meɖea DSM ƒe tata yeyewo ɖe go le ɖoɖowɔɖi si woɖo ɖi nu o. Ke boŋ wowɔa DSM la yeyee ne ehiã. Do ŋgɔ na tata atɔ̃lia (si zã Romatɔwo ƒe xexlẽdzesiwo) la, woɖe DSM tatawo ɖe go le ƒe siwo kplɔe ɖo me:

• DSM-I®: Ƒe 1952 me
• DSM-II®: Ƒe 1968 me
• DSM-III®: 1980 (Woɖe eƒe tɔtrɔ yeye, DSM-III-R®, ɖe go le ƒe 1987 me)
• DSM-IV®: 1994 (Woɖe nuŋɔŋlɔ sia ƒe akpa si wogbugbɔ trɔ asi le, si nye DSM-IV-TR®, ɖe go le ƒe 2000 me)
• DSM-5®: 2013 (Nuŋɔŋlɔ sia nye esi wogbugbɔ trɔ asi le, DSM-5-TR, si woɖe ɖe go le ƒe 2022 me)

Ðe míate ŋu axɔ DSM-5 gbalẽa hãa? Afikae míate ŋu akpɔe le?

Ɛ̃. Woate ŋu aƒle DSM-5 la le agbalẽdzraƒe akpa gãtɔ kple Internet dzi. Agbalẽa ƒe ɖe ate ŋu anɔ dutoƒogbalẽdzraɖoƒe geɖe hã si (togbɔ be agbalẽdzraɖoƒe si le mia gbɔ maɖe mɔ na wò be nàtsɔe ayi aƒeme o hã, ɖeko nàlé ŋku ɖe eŋu le agbalẽdzraɖoƒea).

Togbɔ be DSM-5 kple DSM-5-TR li na dukɔa le mɔ vovovowo nu hã la, ele vevie be míaɖo ŋku edzi be woŋlɔ agbalẽ sia na atikewɔlawo. Eyata nya siwo le agbalẽ sia me la ku ɖe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ŋu ŋutɔ. Esia fia be ate ŋu asesẽ na ame mamã dedie be wòase agbalẽ sia gɔme.

WòMègazã `(DSM-5)` ​​alo `(DSM-5-TR)` alo agbalẽ aɖeke atsɔ aɖo ɖɔkta alo susumedɔléle ŋuti aɖaŋuɖola gbɔ gbeɖe o . Esia le abe amekoko na ɖokuiwò ene. Menye nu nyui aɖekee wònye be nàwɔ ema o, alo? Eyata anyo wu be nàdi atike tso susumedɔléle ŋuti aɖaŋuɖola bibi si xɔ hehe gbɔ .

Ðe wogale DSM-5 zãm kokokoa? Nukae nye eƒe tata yeyetɔ?

Ẽ, wogale ezãm kokoko. Gake fifia agbalẽ sia ƒe gɔmeɖeɖe eve li. APA ɖe DSM-5 ɖe go le ƒe 2013. Le ƒe 2022 me la, APA ɖe eƒe tɔtrɔ yeye si woyɔna be DSM-5-TR ɖe go. Tɔtrɔ yeye kple tɔtrɔ yeye siwo katã dzɔ le susu ƒe lãmesẽnyawo me tso ƒe 2013. Eyata DSM-5-TR ye nye esi sɔ wu , si sɔ ɖe ɣeyiɣia nu, eye wòde pɛpɛpɛ wu fifia.

Le susumedɔdalawo dome, vevietɔ tagbɔdɔdalawo kple susuŋutinunyalawo la, DSM-5-TR ye nye dɔwɔnu vevitɔ kekeake si woatsɔ anya susu ƒe lãmesẽ kple ahɔhɔ̃medɔlélewo. Togbɔ be Amerika dɔwɔƒe aɖe ta DSM-5 hã la, enye dɔwɔnu vevi aɖe na atikewɔlawo le xexeame godoo. Woɖe egɔme ɖe gbegbɔgblɔ siwo wu 18 me.

Eyata, nu mamlɛtɔ si dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui (Take-Home Message) .

Enyo, eyata nu aɖewo siwo dzi wòle be nàɖo ŋkui tso nusiwo ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe me lae nye esi:

• DSM-5 kple eƒe tɔtrɔ yeyetɔ, DSM-5-TR, nye mɔfiamegbalẽ veviwo na susumedɔdalawo.
• Togbɔ be woate ŋu aƒle agbalẽ siawo alo akpɔ wo le agbalẽdzraɖoƒewo hã la, woŋlɔ wo na ɖɔktawo kple eŋutinunyala bibiwo, eyata woƒe gbegbɔgblɔ nye aɖaŋudɔ ŋutɔ.
• Agbalẽ sia xexlẽ ate ŋu adzɔ dzi na ame mamã dedie, gake mègazãe atsɔ akpɔ dɔlélea le ɖokuiwò ŋu gbeɖe o.
• Ne èsusu be tagbɔdɔléle aɖe ate ŋu anɔ ye alo yeƒe lɔlɔ̃tɔ aɖe ŋu abe alesi wogblɔe le (DSM-5) me ene la, kpɔ egbɔ be yeyi ɖɔkta alo tagbɔdɔléle ŋuti aɖaŋuɖola gbɔ .

Abe alesi ko màyi ɖɔkta gbɔ ne womewɔ dɔ na ɖokuiwò o ene la, ele dedie wu eye wòsɔ wu ɣesiaɣi be nàdi kpekpeɖeŋu tso dɔwɔla bibi si xɔ hehe gbɔ ne eɖo ta susu ƒe lãmesẽnyawo gbɔ. See?

` DSM-5, susu ƒe lãmesẽ, dɔlélewo didi, tagbɔdɔléle, APA, DSM-5-TR, tagbɔdɔléle