Nukae nye GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) si ɖɔktawo zãna tsɔ bua ame aɖe si te ɖe ŋuwò ƒe susu ŋu?

Ðewohĩ èse, alo se ɖɔkta aɖe nɔ nu ƒom tso ŋɔŋlɔdzesi etɔ̃ siawo "GCS" ŋu le kɔdzi. Ðewohĩ ne ame aɖe si te ɖe ŋuwò la dze afɔku, alo kasia eƒe susu megava o la, ɖɔktawo ƒoa nu tso GCS ƒe asixɔxɔ sia ŋu. Eyata, nukae nye GCS sia, nukatae wòle vevie nenema gbegbe, eye nuka tututue wòdzidzena, mina míaƒo nu tsitotsito eye wòanɔ bɔbɔe ŋutɔ egbea. Nye taɖodzinue nye be mana miase esia gɔme nyuie.

Kpuie ko la, nukae nye GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale)?

Ne míagblɔe tututu la, GCS nye mɔnu si dzi woato adzidze ame ƒe susu ƒe seƒe . Ele abe dzesideɖoɖo aɖe ene. Edea dzesi nuwo abe alesi nèle ŋudzɔe, alesi nènya nusiwo ƒo xlã wòe, kple alesi nèwɔa nu ɖe ​​mɔfiame bɔbɔewo ŋu nyuie ene.

Eŋutinunyala bibiwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖee to ɖoɖo sia vɛ zi gbãtɔ le ƒe 1974 me le Glasgow Yunivɛsiti le Scotland. Togbɔ be nya "coma" le ŋkɔa me hã la, wozãa GCS fifia le nya si keke ta wu me le atikewɔwɔ me. Enye dzidzenu vevitɔ si wozãna wu si wozãna tsɔ dzidzea nɔnɔme siwo me ame ƒe susu me mekɔ o, siwo dome alɔ̃madɔmadɔ hã le.

Nukae nye "sidzedze" le atikewɔwɔ me?

Ne míeƒo nu tso "sidzedze" ŋu le atikewɔwɔ me la, nudidi vevi etɔ̃e li. Hafi woagblɔ be ame aɖe ƒe susu le nu ŋu la, ele be nusiawo nava eme:

• Nyɔ: Esia fia nenye be ame aɖe ate ŋu anyɔ wò ne èle nu ƒom alo ka asi wò ŋutilã ŋu. Esiae nye vovototo si le alɔ̃dɔdɔ ko kple alɔ̃madɔmadɔ dome.
• Ŋudzɔnɔnɔ: Esia fia alesi nèwɔa nui ne ame aɖe le nu ƒom na wò, afisi nèle, kple nenye be àte ŋu ase nusiwo le edzi yim ƒo xlã wò gɔme.
• Ele be nànya (Oriented): Esia fia be ènya nyatakaka siwo sɔ ɖe wò nɔnɔme si me nèle fifia nu, abe amesi nènye, afisi nèle, kple ŋkeke si wònye ene.

Ne nu etɔ̃ siawo katã le wo nɔƒe la, míegblɔna be ame aɖe "susu nyuie."

Ɣekaɣie wozãa GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale)?

Ðɔktawo ate ŋu azã GCS abe ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dodokpɔ ƒe akpa aɖe ene . Viɖe le eŋu hã le nɔnɔme ɖesiaɖe si me ame aɖe ate ŋu abu tame le. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le nɔnɔme siwo ta abixɔxɔ hena vɛ, abe ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe ʋuʋu kple ahɔhɔ̃ me abi si nu sẽ (TBI) ene me .

Menye ema ɖeɖeko o, ke GCS ƒe dzidzenu hã kpena ɖe ame ŋu le nɔnɔme siwo me ame ƒe susu bu le nu bubu siwo menye abi o ta hã me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, wozãnɛ ne sukli ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ le ʋu me ɖiɖi ŋutɔ (suklidɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si mede ame dzi o) , aɖi le ame ŋu, alo le alɔ̃madɔmadɔ megbe.

Nukae GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) dzidzena?

Ahɔhɔ̃mekadodokpɔ dia kuxi ɖesiaɖe si le míaƒe lãmekawo ƒe akpa vevi eveawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu. Akpa eve siawoe nye:

• Central nervous system: Esia lɔ wò ahɔhɔ̃, ahɔhɔ̃meka, ŋku ƒe lãmeka siwo doa ka kple ahɔhɔ̃a kple ŋkume ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋu si le wò ŋkuwo ƒe megbe, kple aklã.
• Lãmetsiŋusẽ si le gota: Esia fia lãmeka siwo katã menye lãmeka siwo le titina ƒe akpa aɖeke o.

GCS ƒe akpa vevi etɔ̃ li siwo sɔ na ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dodokpɔ sia. Esiawo ƒe akpa gãtɔ do ƒome kple ahɔhɔ̃a ŋutɔ, gake ɖewo ate ŋu alɔ aklã kple lãmeka siwo le ŋutilã bliboa me hã ɖe eme:

• Ŋku ƒe ŋuɖoɖo: Esia do ƒome kple alesi nèle ŋudzɔ hele ŋudzɔe koŋ.
• Mɔ̃ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ: Akpa sia lé ŋku ɖe alesi wò ahɔhɔ̃ ate ŋu akpɔ lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu dzi nyuie ŋu. Ate ŋu ade dzesi kuxi ɖesiaɖe si le kadodo siwo le wò ahɔhɔ̃ kple wò ŋutilã ƒe akpa bubuwo dome hã.
• Nyaŋuɖoɖo: Esia doa alesi ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ aɖewo le dɔ wɔm nyuie, abe tamebubu, ŋkuɖoɖonudzi, susu tsɔtsɔ ɖe nu ŋu, kple nusiwo ƒo xlã wò nyanya ene kpɔna.

Aleke GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) wɔa dɔe?

Be ɖɔktawo nakpɔ wò GCS ƒe dzesi la, tsɔa dzesi siwo woxɔ tso GCS ƒe akpa etɔ̃ siwo do ŋgɔ me la ƒoa ƒu. Ðɔkta ado akpa siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe kpɔ le mɔ vovovowo nu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woalé ŋku ɖe wò nyaŋuɖoɖo si nègblɔ kple nu ŋu ahabia nya ʋɛ aɖewo wò. Kwasiɖaa ƒe Ŋkeke kae nye egbea, gaƒoƒo ka mee nèle, eye du ka mee nèle fifia?

GCS ƒe viɖe vevitɔwo dometɔ ɖekae nye be ate ŋu alé ŋku ɖe tɔtrɔ siwo va le wò susu ƒe seƒe ŋu. Zi geɖe la, ɖɔktawo gbugbɔa ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dodokpɔ sia wɔna le ɣeyiɣi aɖewo koŋ me eye woŋlɔa tɔtrɔ siwo va le GCS ƒe dzesia me ɖi.

Alesi wotsɔa dzesi naa akpa siawoe nye esi:

Ŋku ƒe Ŋuɖoɖo

Esia koŋue dzidzea alesi nèle ŋudzɔe. Ne mèle ŋudzɔ o la, wodzidzea wò manyamanya ƒe sesẽme to alesi nèdoa wò susu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu me kpɔna me. Le afisia la, "nyaƒoɖeamenu" nye nane abe nyaƒoɖeamenu fafɛ kple asibidɛ ene. Ðeko wòle be wòahe vevesese sue aɖe ko vɛ, hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe, ke menye abi o.

Nya Ŋuɖoɖo

Ðɔkta ado esia kpɔ to nya siwo adzidze wò ŋkuɖoɖonudzi, tamebubu ŋutete, kple nusiwo ƒo xlã wò nyanya nyuie biabia wò me. Ate ŋu alé ŋku ɖe kuxi siwo le ahɔhɔ̃ alo lãmeka siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe wò mo kple nu me ƒe lãmekawo dzi hã ŋu.

Mɔ̃ ƒe Ŋuɖoɖo

Akpa sia ate ŋu aɖe kuxi ɖesiaɖe si le kadodo siwo le wò lãmekawo, aklã, kple ahɔhɔ̃ dome la afia. Edoa wò ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe ŋutete be wòaɖu lãmekawo ƒe ʋuʋu dzi kple nenye be àte ŋu ase mɔfiamewo gɔme ahawɔ ɖe wo dzi hã kpɔna.

Nukae nye GCS-P?

Le ƒe 2018 me la, eŋutinunyalawo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe — si me GCS wɔlawo gbãtɔwo dometɔ ɖeka hã le — ɖe GCS ƒe tɔtrɔ yeye aɖe ɖe go, si woyɔna be "GCS-P." P tsi tre ɖi na "Sukuvi," do yibɔ si le ŋkua me. Esia nye xexlẽdzesi enelia si woɖe le GCS ƒe dzesi si wozãna ɖaa me.

Alesi ŋkua ƒe ŋkuvi wɔa nu ɖe ​​kekeli ŋu (Pupil reaction) le vevie ŋutɔ elabena enaa kpeɖodziwo tso ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu. Ne wò ŋkua mewɔ nu ɖe ​​kekeli ŋu o la, ate ŋu afia kuxi gã aɖe alo abi aɖe si le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe ahɔhɔ̃a dzi.

Dzesi si wonana sukuvia tso 0 va ɖo 2.

• 2: Ŋku ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋu eveawo siaa mewɔa nu ɖe ​​kekeli ŋu o.
• 1: Sukuvi ɖeka mewɔa nu ɖe ​​kekeli ŋu o.
• 0: Ŋku ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋu eveawo siaa wɔa nu ɖe ​​kekeli ŋu.

Ne woɖe sukuvi ƒe ŋuɖoɖo ƒe dzesi ɖa le GCS ƒe dzesi ŋu la, GCS-P ƒe dzesi ate ŋu atso 1 va ɖo 15. GCS-P ƒe dzesi si nye 8 alo esi mede nenema o fia be ame le alɔ̃ me.

Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne GCS ƒe dzesi nye 3 eye ŋkume ƒe dzesi nye 2 la, GCS-P ƒe dzesi nye 1. Esia fia be alɔ̃madɔmadɔ si de to ŋutɔ eye ŋku evea siaa ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋu mewɔa nu ɖe ​​kekeli ŋu o.

Ðe vevesese aɖe le GCS dodokpɔa wɔɣia?

GCS ƒe nuŋlɔɖi xoxowo zã nya "vevesese" tsɔ ɖɔ seselelãme si wozãna tsɔ doa seselelãme aɖewo kpɔna. Gake mɔfiame yeyeawo trɔ nya ma wòzu "nyaƒoɖeamenu." Nyawo ƒe tɔtrɔ sia de pɛpɛpɛ wu, elabena nuveviwɔame aɖeke mele eme o. Edze ƒã wu hã elabena le nyateƒe me la, ɖɔktaa mele agbagba dzem be yeana wò lɔlɔ̃tɔa nase veve alo awɔ nuvevi wò o.

GCS ƒe mɔfiame gbãtɔwo megblɔ afisi woawɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu le atsɔ ado nusiwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kpɔna la me kɔ o. Le ƒe 1975 me, si nye ƒe ɖeka le GCS tata zi gbãtɔ megbe la, eŋutinunyala siwo wɔe la ta mɔfiame aɖewo koŋ. Teƒe siwo ɖɔkta ate ŋu atsɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu aɖoe dometɔ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Nail beds: Wò asiwo kple afɔwo ƒe ɖawo te ŋu sea nu gɔme ne wozi wo dzi. Zi geɖe la, ɖɔktawo tea esiawo dometɔ ɖeka alo esi wu nenema dzi be yewoakpɔe ɖa be ŋutilãa wɔa nu ɖe ​​nyaƒoɖeamenu ma ŋu le mɔ aɖe nu hã.
• Trapezius lãmeka: Lãmetsi sia doa ka kple wò abɔta, titina kɔ, kple megbe. Enye lãmeka si gbɔ woate ŋu aɖo bɔbɔe be wòaxɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒe dzesi.
• Supraorbital notch: Esia nye nu sue aɖe si le wò tagbɔ, wò ŋkuwo tame kple wò ŋkume te.

Nukawoe dona tso eme, eye nukae wogblɔ na mí?

Dzesi kɔkɔtɔ kekeake si woate ŋu axɔ le GCS la nye 15, eye dzesi si bɔbɔ wue nye 3.Ne èxɔ dzesi 15 la, efia be èle ŋudzɔ bliboe, èwɔa nu ɖe ​​ame ŋu nyuie, eye kuxi aɖeke mele wò tamebubu alo ŋkuɖoɖonudzi ŋu o. Zi geɖe la, ne èxɔ dzesi 8 alo esi mede nenema o la, efia be èle alɔ̃ me. Zi alesi dzesia le ɖiɖim la, zi nenemae alɔ̃madɔmadɔa gogloe.

Ðɔktawo ateŋu aŋlɔ wò GCS ƒe dzesi abe ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo/xexlẽdzesiwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ene. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, woaŋlɔ dzesi si nye 15 be "E4V5M6". Woaŋlɔ dzesi si nye 3 be "E1V1M1". (E=Ŋku, V=Nyagbɔgblɔ, M=Mɔ̃)

GCS Ranges na Ta ƒe Abixɔxɔwo

Ne ɖɔktawo zã GCS na taɖui la, wozãa dzesi vovovowo tsɔ ɖɔa abi si woxɔ la ƒe sesẽme. Nusiwo le vovovo siawoe nye:

• 13 vaseɖe 15: Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Nuveviwɔame si Me Nuvevi Le (mTBI). Wogayɔa esia be ʋuʋudedi .
• 9 vaseɖe 12: TBI si sɔ gbɔ.
• 3 vaseɖe 8: Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe abixɔxɔ sesẽ (TBI sesẽ).

Nukae wòle be manya tso ame aɖe si te ɖe ŋunye ƒe GCS ƒe dzesi ŋu?

Zi geɖe la, wò ƒomea alo wò lɔlɔ̃tɔwo adzro wò GCS ƒe dzesia me kple wò ɖɔkta. Nu ʋɛ aɖewo li siwo wòle be nànya tso GCS kple alesi ɖɔktawo zãnɛ ŋu:

• Dodokpɔ me tsonuawo sesẽ wu xexlẽme aɖe ko. GCS ƒe dzesia megblɔa dodokpɔa me tsonu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme bliboa na wò o. Nu geɖe le ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe dodokpɔ me wu xexlẽdzesi aɖe ko. Togbɔ be ele bɔbɔe be nàse xexlẽmea gɔme hã la, anyo wu be nàƒo nu kple wò lɔlɔ̃tɔa ƒe ɖɔkta be wòase woƒe nɔnɔme si tututu le wo me gɔme.
• Seɖoƒe li na GCS hã. Le go aɖewo me la, ɖewohĩ GCS maɖe vi o. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ne ame aɖe le yagbɔgbɔmɔ̃ zãm , alo ne womedoa gbe ɖeka kple ɖɔkta o. Ate ŋu anye hã be maɖe vi na amesiwo ŋu nɔnɔme alo abi siwo gblẽa nu le ŋutilã ƒe akpawo alo ɖoɖo siwo dzi GCS ɖoa ŋu ɖo (e.g., ŋku alo tosese ƒe kuxiwo) le o.
• Menye GCS koe ɖɔktawo zãna tsɔ gblɔa nusiwo ava dzɔ ɖi o. Zi geɖe la, ɖɔktawo zãa GCS tsɔ gblɔa nusiwo ate ŋu ado tso eme la ɖi, gake menye eya koe bua eŋu o. Bia wò lɔlɔ̃tɔa ƒe ɖɔkta tso woƒe dzeside kple nusi wòate ŋu afia le ɣeyiɣi didi me ŋu.

Ðo ŋku edzi be dɔwɔnu ɖeka koe GCS ƒe dzesidea nye. Togbɔ be ena nyatakaka veviwo hã la, kadodo nyui kple atikewɔlawo ƒe ƒuƒoƒoa le vevie be woase nya bliboa gɔme.

Mlɔeba la, nusi dzi wòle be woaɖo ŋkui

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) nye dɔwɔnu si bɔ ŋutɔ eye wòle vevie ŋutɔ si ɖɔktawo zãna tsɔ dzidzea alesi gbegbe ame ƒe susu meganɔa dɔme o kple ame ƒe alɔ̃madɔmadɔe.Togbɔ be ƒe 50 kloe enye sia tso esime wowɔe zi gbãtɔ hã la, eŋutinunyalawo srɔ̃ nu tso dzidzenua ŋu vevie eye wokpɔe be enye dɔwɔnu nyui aɖe si wotsɔ dia dɔlélewoe. (They’ve also improved it over time.) Dɔwɔnu sia zazã kpena ɖe ɖɔktawo hã ŋu be woakpɔ tɔtrɔ siwo va le ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Esia ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu wòafia mɔ atikewɔwɔ eye wòana beléle na amesiwo ŋu nɔnɔme siwo gblẽa nu le woƒe susu ŋu le la nanyo ɖe edzi.

Ne wò alo ame aɖe si te ɖe ŋuwò le esia me tom la, mègavɔ̃ be yeabia nya ahaxɔ nyatakakawo tso wò ɖɔktawo gbɔ o. Wole klalo eye wolɔ̃na faa be yewoakpe ɖe ŋuwò.

` Sidzedze, GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale, Ahɔhɔ̃ ƒe Nuveviwɔame, Coma, Ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe Dodokpɔ, Lãmesẽ