Ðe lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxi aɖe le viwò suea ŋua? Mina míaƒo nu tso ɖeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunyala aɖe ŋu!

Ɣeaɖewoɣi ne míebu dɔléle siwo mía vi suewo xɔna ŋu, vevietɔ ne edze abe ɖe wole sesẽm vie ene la, míesena le mía ɖokui me be agba gã aɖe le míaƒe dziwo dzi, alo? Kuxi siwo do ƒome kple lãmetsiŋusẽwo hã sɔ. Gake mehiã be nàtsi dzi o. Elabena eŋutinunyala bibi aɖewo li siwo ate ŋu akpe ɖe mia kple viwòa ŋu le ɣeyiɣi siawo tɔgbe me. Emae nye ame si ƒomevi nye ɖeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunyala , alo abe alesi míegblɔna le Eŋlisigbe me ene la, ``Ðeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔléle ŋuti nunyala''. Eyata egbea, mina míaƒo nu tso eŋutinunyala sia ŋu vie.

Amekae nye Ðeviwo ƒe Dɔlékuiwutikeŋutinunyala?

Kpuie ko la, ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala nye ɖɔkta si dea dzesi dɔléle siwo do ƒome kple lãmetsiŋusẽ le ɖeviwo kple ƒewuiviwo ŋu hedaa wo , si fia be kuxi siwo le lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu. Ne viwò ƒe sɔhɛmenɔɣi , tsitsi ƒe kuxiwo, nɔnɔmewo abe suklidɔ ene , alo nɔnɔme bubu ɖesiaɖe si do ƒome kple lãmetsiŋusẽ kple lãkusi siwo naa wo le fu ɖem na viwòa la, eŋutinunyala sia ate ŋu akpe ɖe eŋu.

Eyata nukae nye lãmenugbagbeviwo ŋuti nunya sia?

Endocrinology nye atikewɔwɔ ƒe alɔdze si srɔ̃a nu tso endocrine system si le míaƒe ŋutilã me ŋu. Dɔlékuiwutikewo, lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe ŋutinuwo, kple lãmetsiŋusẽwoe le ɖoɖo sia me. Bu eŋu be enye mɔ tɔxɛ aɖe si dzi míaƒe ŋutilã tona gblɔa gbedasiwo.

Dɔlékuiwo ƒe Dɔlékuiwo

Esiawo nye lãmenugbagbevi tɔxɛ siwo le míaƒe ŋutilã me siwo wɔa lãmetsiŋusẽwo eye woɖea wo ɖe go yia ʋukawo me. Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒomevi vevi geɖewo li:

• Adrenal glands: Esiawo nye gland sue eve siwo le míaƒe ayikuwo tame. Wowɔa lãmetsi siwo wɔa nu ɖe ​​nuteɖeamedzi ŋu, kpakple lãmetsi siwo kpɔa dze ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi.
• Pituitary gland : Gland sue sia si le abe ƒu ene si le ahɔhɔ̃a te tututu la kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe gland bubu geɖe dzi, eyata woyɔnɛ ɣeaɖewoɣi be "master gland."
• Thyroid : Lãmetsiŋusẽ sia si le abe kpakpaluʋui ene si le kɔ ƒe ŋgɔgbe la wɔa lãmetsi siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe alesi ŋutilãa zãa ŋusẽe dzi.
• Parathyroid glands: Gland sue ene siawo siwo le thyroid gland megbe la kpɔa calcium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ŋutilãa me dzi.

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe Ŋutilãwo

Lãmenugbagbevi siawo hã wɔa lãmetsiŋusẽwo eye wowɔa dɔ tɔxɛ bubuwo hã.

• Dɔgbo : Ŋutinu sia si le ƒodo ƒe akpa si le etame la do ƒome kple suklidɔ.Ewɔa lãmetsi si nye insulin .
• Hypothalamus: Ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe akpa sia kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe pituitary gland dzi.
• Ovaries : Nyɔnu ƒe vidzidzi ƒe akpa aɖe si wɔa gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe lãmetsiwo.
• Testes : Ŋutsu ƒe vidzidzi ƒe akpa aɖe si wɔa gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe lãmetsiwo.

Lãmetsiŋusẽwo

Lãmetsiŋusẽwo le abe atikewo ƒe dɔlawo ene le míaƒe ŋutilã me. Wozɔa mɔ tso lãkusi ɖeka me yia bubu me to ʋukawo me eye wogblẽa nu le ŋutinu alo lãkusi bubu si woɖo taɖodzinu na ŋu. Lãmetsiŋusẽwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nu vevi geɖe siwo yia edzi le míaƒe ŋutilã me dzi. Kpɔɖeŋu ʋɛ aɖewoe nye esi:

• Metabolism : Alesi ŋutilãa tona trɔa nuɖuɖu wòzua ŋusẽ eye wòzãa ŋusẽ ma.
• Tsitsi: Alesi míetsina yia dzi eye míaƒe ŋutilã tsinae.
• Gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe vidzidzi : Nuwo abe sɔhɛmenɔɣi kple vidzidzi ŋutete.
• Alɔ̃dɔdɔ: Míaƒe alɔ̃dɔdɔ kple nyɔnyrɔ̃ ƒe tsatsam dzi ɖuɖu.

Vovototo kae le ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala kple lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala si kpɔa dɔlélewo katã gbɔ dome?

Esia nye nya vevi aɖe ŋutɔ. Menye ame suewoe ɖeviwo nye o. Alesi woƒe ŋutilã tsinae kple ale si woƒe lãmetsiwo wɔa dɔe la to vovo kura tso ame tsitsiwo gbɔ. Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxi siwo ɖeviwo doa goe hã ate ŋu ato vovo tso esiwo ame tsitsiwo doa goe gbɔ. Ðeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyalawo nye ɖɔkta siwo xɔ hehe tɔxɛ le alesi lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxi siawo do ƒome kple ɖeviwo ƒe tsitsi kple tsitsi ŋu. Eyata woate ŋu ana atike tɔxɛwo ɖeviwo.

Nukae ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala wɔna? Nɔnɔme kawoe wodaa?

Ðeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunyala dea dzesi nɔnɔme vovovo siwo gblẽa nu le ɖevi ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu, kpɔa wo gbɔ, eye wokpɔa wo dzi. Na míalé ŋku ɖe nɔnɔme siawo dometɔ aɖewo ŋu.

Adrenal gland ƒe dɔlélewo

Míaƒe adrenal glandwo wɔa lãmetsi vevi geɖe. Kuxi siwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa le lãkusi siawo ŋu dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Addison ƒe dɔléle: Esia dzɔna ne ɖevia ƒe ŋutilã mewɔ lãmetsi eve siwo nye cortisol (lãmetsi si wɔa nu ɖe ​​nuteɖeamedzi ŋu) kple aldosterone (lãmetsi si kpɔa dze ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi) wòsɔ gbɔ o.
• Vidzidzi ƒe adrenal hyperplasia: Esia nye domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme si gblẽa nu le ɖevia ƒe lãmetsi siwo nye cortisol, aldosterone, kple androgen (ŋutsu ƒe lãmetsi ƒomevi aɖe) wɔwɔ ŋu.
• Cushing ƒe dɔlélea:Wogayɔa esia be `(Hypercortisolism)`. Nusi dzɔna le afisia enye be ɖevia ƒe ŋutilã wɔa lãmetsi si nye `(Cortisol)` la fũ akpa.

Ƒu kple calcium ƒe nɔnɔmewo

Lãmetsi geɖe wɔa akpa aɖe le míaƒe ƒuwo ƒe ŋusẽdodo kple calcium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si sɔ me.

• Hypercalcemia: Nɔnɔme si me calcium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ɖevi ƒe ʋu me sɔ gbɔ wu alesi wòle.
• Hypocalcemia: Nɔnɔme si me calcium ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si le ɖevi ƒe ʋu me ɖiɖi wu alesi wòle dzɔdzɔmee.
• Rickets: Esia nye dɔléle si Vitamin D ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ hena vɛ. Esia ate ŋu ana ɖeviwo ƒe ƒuwo nagbɔdzɔ eye woabɔbɔ.

Suklidɔ kple lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo

Ðeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyalawo hã daa kuxi siwo ku ɖe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu, si nye alesi ŋutilãa wɔa ŋusẽe. Suklidɔ nye dɔléle si bɔ ŋutɔ.

• Suklidɔ ƒomevi 1: Esia nye ne ɖevia ŋutɔ ƒe dɔlélenutsiŋutete (autoimmune attack) gblẽa lãmenugbagbevi siwo le dɔgboa me siwo wɔa insulin la dome. Esia wɔe be dɔgboa mete ŋu wɔa insulin o.
• Suklidɔ ƒomevi evelia: Le nɔnɔme sia me la, dɔgboa wɔa insulin, gake ŋutilãa mete ŋu zãnɛ nyuie o. Zi geɖe la, esia do ƒome kple lolo akpa.
• Lolo akpa: Nɔnɔme sesẽ aɖe si nɔa anyi didi si me ami si gbɔ eme ƒoa ƒu ɖe ŋutilã me eye wògblẽa nu le lãmesẽ ŋu. Esia ate ŋu atso lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe masɔmasɔ hã gbɔ.

Gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe tsitsi ƒe kuxiwo

Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ɖeviwo ate ŋu akpɔ nusiwo mesɔ o le woƒe gbɔdɔdɔ ƒe tsitsi me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, nɔnɔme aɖe si woyɔna be vidzinu siwo mebɔ o . Esia nye domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme si mebɔ o. Le go sia me la, ɖewohĩ ɖevia ƒe vidzinuwo ƒe gotagome ƒe dzedzeme manɔ ŋutsu alo nyɔnu ƒe dzedzeme si bɔ o, gake ate ŋu adze le wo dome. Ðeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala ate ŋu ade dzesi nɔnɔme mawo eye wòana aɖaŋuɖoɖo kple atikewɔwɔ si hiã.

Domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe dɔléle siwo tsoa lãmenugbagbeviwo me

Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxi aɖewo ate ŋu atso domenyiŋusẽfianu gbɔ.

• Turner ƒe dɔléle: Nyɔnuviwo koe dɔléle sia dzea edzi. Woƒe X domenyiŋusẽfianu ɖeka alo wo katã bu. Esia kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe nuwo abe tsitsi kple azigolo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi.
• Prader-Willi ƒe dɔléle: Esia hã nye domenyiŋusẽfianu ƒe nɔnɔme. Ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ɖevia ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi, si hea ŋutilã kple agbenɔnɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ vɛ (e.g., dɔwuame si gbɔ eme, tsitsi ƒe kuxiwo).

Kuxi siwo do ƒome kple tsitsi kple sɔhɛmenɔɣi

Lãmetsiŋusẽwo le vevie ŋutɔ na ɖevi ƒe tsitsi kple tsitsi eye be wòaɖo sɔhɛmenɔɣi le ɣeyiɣi nyuitɔ dzi. Kuxi siwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa le go sia me dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

• Kpuie ƒe kɔkɔme:Ðevia le kpuie wu ɖevi bubu siwo xɔ ƒe kple ŋutsu alo nyɔnu ƒe 95%. Susu geɖe ate ŋu anɔ esia ŋu, eye wo dometɔ ɖekae nye lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie.
• Ƒewuimenɔɣi kaba : Ne nyɔnuvi ɖe sɔhɛmenɔɣi ƒe dzesiwo fia (e.g., no ƒe tsitsi le nyɔnuviwo me, ŋutsuviwo ƒe vidzidɔ ƒe lolome) hafi xɔ ƒe 8, alo ŋutsuvi hafi xɔ ƒe 9 la, wobua eŋu be enye sɔhɛmenɔɣi kaba.
• Ƒewuiwo ƒe heheɖemegbe : Ne sɔhɛmenɔɣi medze egɔme wòtsi megbe kura wu alesi wòle dzɔdzɔmee o, si fia be nyɔnuvi meɖe sɔhɛmenɔɣi ƒe dzesiwo fia haɖe hafi wòxɔ ƒe 13 alo ŋutsuvi hafi xɔ ƒe 14 o la, ate ŋu anye sɔhɛmenɔɣi si tsi megbe.

Pituitary gland ƒe dɔlélewo

Abe alesi míedzro eme va yi ene la, lãkusi si le lãkusia me wɔa lãmetsi vevi geɖe. Ne kuxi aɖe le lãkusi sia ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu la, dzesi vovovowo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa.

• Suklidɔ si me nunyiame mele o: Esia mesɔ kple suklidɔ o. Nusi dzɔna le afisia enye be aɖuɖɔ geɖe le ŋutilãa me eye mete ŋu léa tsi ɖe te nyuie o. Tsikɔwuame si gbɔ eme hã nye esia ƒe dzesi.
• Hypopituitarism: Lãmetsiŋusẽ ɖeka alo esi wu nenema ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie le pituitary gland dzi ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe tsitsi, lãkusi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, adrenal ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, sɔhɛmenɔɣi, kple tsikɔwuame dzi ɖuɖu dzi.

Thyroid ƒe nɔnɔmewo

Kuxiwo doa mo ɖa ne lãmetsiŋusẽ siwo lãkusia wɔna la le sue alo sɔ gbɔ.

• Goiter: Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe lãkusi si lolo. Esia ate ŋu adzɔ eɖanye be lãmetsiŋusẽa ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme sɔ, bɔbɔ, alo sɔ gbɔ o.
• Hypothyroidism: Lãmetsiŋusẽ meɖea ʋumenugbagbeviɣidɔ si sɔ ɖe ʋua me o. Esia ate ŋu ana ŋutilãa nagbɔdzɔ, ana ame nalolo, eye wòana ame natsi.
• Hyperthyroidism: Nɔnɔme si me thyroid gland la wɔa thyroid hormone fũ akpa eye wòɖea asi le eŋu yia ʋukawo me. Esia ate ŋu ana dzi naƒo kabakaba, wòaɖe lolo dzi akpɔtɔ, eye fifia nadzi ɖe edzi.

Nukae wòle be nàkpɔ mɔ na ne èyi ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala gbɔ zi gbãtɔ?

Ne mia kple viwò miedo go ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala bibi zi gbãtɔ la, ɖɔktaa abia nya geɖe wò tso viwòa ƒe dzesiwo, ƒomea ƒe atikewɔwɔ ŋutinya, kple atike siwo viwòa le zazãm fifia ŋu . Awɔ ŋutilãmedɔdada hã . Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, woate ŋu akafui be woado ʋu kpɔ ahawɔ scan. Mègatsi dzi o, wowɔa esiawo katã be nànya viwòa ƒe nɔnɔmea nyuie wu.

Nu vevitɔe nye be nàgblɔ nya ɖesiaɖe si nènya na ɖɔktaa , aleke kee wòɖale sue o. Akpe ɖe wo ŋu woakpɔ dɔlélea nyuie.

Aleke nàwɔ azu ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽŋutinunyala bibi?

Enyo hã be nànya esia. Ðeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunyala nye amesi wu atikewɔwɔ ŋuti ɖaseɖigbalẽ blibo nu gbã (ƒe 4-5) eye emegbe wòxɔ hehe tɔxɛ le ɖeviwo ƒe dɔlélewo ŋu (anɔ abe ƒe 3 ene). Le ema megbe la, ele be woagaxɔ hehe tɔxɛ (hadede) ƒe 3 bubu le ɖeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, si nye ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽdɔlélewo me. Ele be atikewɔwɔ ŋuti hehenana ƒe aɖaŋuɖoha si dzi woda asi ɖo hã nada asi ɖe hehenana sia dzi (abe Atikewɔwɔ ƒe Hehenasuku si Wu Nu ƒe Aɖaŋuɖoha - ACGME ene). Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ɖaseɖigbalẽ siwo tso dɔwɔƒe siwo dzi woda asi ɖo abe Amerika Ðeviwo ƒe Dɔwɔha (ABP) ene hã ɖo kpe woƒe nunya dzi. Hehexɔxɔ didi sia tae wokpɔa sidzedze deto tso dɔ sesẽ sia ŋu.

Gake le míaƒe dukɔa me, si fia be le Sri Lanka la, mɔ si dzi woato azu Ðeviwo ƒe Dɔléleŋutinunyala Aɖaŋuɖola la to vovo vie. Wowɔa esia to PGIM (Post Graduate Institute of Medicine) si do ƒome kple Colombo Yunivɛsiti dzi.

Le Sri Lanka la, mɔzɔzɔ sia zɔna ɖe ɖoɖo sia nu:

1. Dzeside veviwo (MBBS & Internship): Gbã la, ele be nàxɔ MBBS ƒe ɖaseɖigbalẽ tso atikewɔsuku, awu dɔsrɔ̃ƒe si wòle be nàwɔ nu, eye nàŋlɔ ŋkɔ ɖe SLMC.

2. Dodokpɔ si me wogena ɖo (Tiatia dodokpɔ): Emegbe ele be nàto "MD (Ðeviwo ƒe Dɔlélewo) Tiatia Dodokpɔ" si PGIM wɔna la me. Esia nye hoʋiʋli ƒe dodokpɔ.

3. General Paediatrics Training - Registrar: Ne ènya to dodokpɔa me ko la, àxɔ abe ƒe 3 ƒe hehexɔxɔ (Registrar period). Le esia me la, àsrɔ̃ nu tso ɖeviwo ƒe dɔlélewo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ le mɔ gbadza nu ŋu akpa gãtɔ.

4. MD Dodokpɔ: Le ƒe 3 siawo ƒe nuwuwu la, "MD (Paediatrics) Exam" li. Esia toto nye dzeside vevitɔ si ana woazu "ɖɔkta bibi".

5. Sub-specialty Selection: Ne ame to MD la me vɔ la, ele be wòatso nya me le mɔ si dzi wòato ŋu. Afimae wòle be ame natia sub-specialty si woyɔna be "Paediatric Endocrinology" (ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiwo). (Esia li le Merit kple dɔ ƒuƒluwo nu).

6. MD megbe Hehena - Agbalẽŋlɔla Gãtɔ: Afi siae hehe tɔxɛ le lãmetsiŋusẽwo ŋu dzea egɔme tsoe. Zi geɖe la, esia xɔa abe ƒe 2-3 ene.

   • Nutoa Me Hehenasuku:Ele be nàwɔ dɔ abe ƒe ɖeka ene le ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽdɔwɔƒe aɖe le kɔdzi gã aɖe le Sri Lanka.

   • Duta Hehenaƒe: Ele be nàxɔ hehe ƒe ɖeka alo eve le duta (zi geɖe le UK alo Australia) le dɔwɔƒe si woda asi ɖe edzi.

7. Dɔwɔha ƒe Ðaseɖigbalẽ: Ne wonya wu esiawo katã nu ko la, woana ɖaseɖigbalẽ wò be ènye "Board Certified Consultant Pediatric Endocrinologist" tso PGIM gbɔ.

Eyata, abe alesi wòle le ɖoɖo bliboa si míeyɔ va yi ene la, le Sri Lanka hã la, esia nye mɔzɔzɔ si bia ɖokuitsɔtsɔna geɖe hena ƒe 6-7 bubu le MBBS megbe.

Eyata nukae nye nu vevitɔ kekeake si dzi wòle be míaɖo ŋkui le nu siwo ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe me? (Gbedasi si Wotsɔ Yi Aƒeme)

• Ne èsusu be kuxi aɖe le viwòa ŋu si do ƒome kple lãmetsiŋusẽ, tsitsi, sɔhɛmenɔɣi, alo suklidɔ la, ke yi wò ƒomea ƒe ɖɔkta alo ɖeviwo ƒe dɔdala gbɔ gbã.
• Ne wosusu be ehiã la, woatsɔ wò ayi ɖeviwo ƒe lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋuti nunyala gbɔ.
• Eŋutinunyala bibi siawo nye ɖɔkta siwo si sidzedze kple hehe tɔxɛ le le lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxi siwo le ɖeviwo me ŋu. Woate ŋu anya ɖevi ƒe nɔnɔmea nyuie eye woawɔ atikewɔwɔ kple edzikpɔkpɔ ƒe ɖoɖo nyuitɔwo kekeake.
• Ðo ŋku edzi be ɖeviwo ƒe lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe kuxiwo to vovo na ame tsitsiwo tɔ, eyata ele vevie be nàdi eŋutinunyalawo ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu.

Eya ta, ne nɔnɔme siawo dometɔ aɖe le viwòa ŋu la, mègatsi dzodzodzoe o, eye nàdi atikewɔla ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo nyuitɔ. Nusianu gbɔ kpɔnu li! Lãmetsiŋusẽwo, Ðeviwo ƒe Dɔlélewo, Tsitsi, Ƒewuiwo, Suklidɔ, Dɔlékuiwutikewo, Ðeviwo ƒe Lãmetsiŋusẽ Ŋuti Nunyala