If you are caring for someone with dementia, perhaps your own parent or a loved one, you are likely familiar with some of the mental problems (psychosis) that come with it. You may have seen things like sudden changes in behavior, believing things that aren't real (delusions), seeing or hearing things that aren't there (hallucinations), and wandering around aimlessly. But what we see and hear is only a small part of the whole problem, like the tip of an iceberg floating in water.
What are the real complications that can occur?
Many of the complications your loved one may experience are not immediately apparent. Instead, they are things you will notice over time. These mental health problems associated with dementia can become more frequent and more severe over time. That's why it's important to talk to a doctor as soon as you notice these symptoms.
Now let's see what the main complications are.
| Complication | What you will see |
|---|---|
| Memory Loss | This is the most common symptom. Short-term memory loss begins first. For example, you may not remember what you ate for breakfast, or suddenly forget what you talked about. Over time, you may even forget the names or faces of your own children or friends. |
| Disorientation | They lose their sense of where they are and what time it is. They are constantly confused. They may be anxious about getting dressed on their own, getting things done on time, or finding a place to go. |
| Sundowning | Have you noticed that their behavior gets a little worse in the evening and at night? Some people get restless, angry, and restless. Even though they've been working hard all day, they don't realize it's time to sleep. This is because their brain's 'body clock', or 'circadian rhythm', is out of whack. |
| Insomnia | The 'sundowning' state itself reduces sleep at night. Also, sleep loss can occur due to psychological problems. Imagine, if someone has a hallucination that 'there are thieves in the house', how can they sleep soundly? |
| Difficulty solving problems | It becomes difficult to perform everyday tasks, such as counting money and moving things around. This condition can be made worse if there are hallucinations. |
| Poor judgment | Unable to choose between right and wrong. For example, buying a lot of unnecessary things at once, or wearing clothes that are not suitable for the weather. |
Remember, if your loved one forgets you or doesn't recognize you, don't take it personally. It's not their fault, it's the nature of the disease.
So what should we do?
As a caregiver, there are some simple things you can do to make this situation as easy as possible for you, your loved one, and other caregivers.
1. Find the cause
This is very important. Try to find out if there is any particular reason why they are upset or acting strangely. Like a detective.
- Maybe it's a new medication.
- Or there may be a change in diet.
- Maybe it was a guest who came to the house, or a change in the environment.
If you can figure out the cause, it's much easier to talk to your doctor and find a solution.
2. Not everything needs solutions.
Sometimes, not every behavior needs a big solution. For example, if they don't have a lot of memory loss, it may not require a lot of treatment. See if they're always bothered by it.
3. Stay calm.
When your loved one is upset about a mental health issue, it's important to stay as calm as possible. If you get upset, they'll get even more upset. At that point, redirect the conversation. Ask, "Shall we have some tea?" Sometimes, even a joke or a laugh can help.
4. Stimulate the brain
Try to keep them as socially and mentally active as possible.
- Take him for a short walk in the garden.
- They like to listen to an old song.
- Play a simple game like rolling dice or playing dice.
5. Adjust the home environment
Small changes to their environment can be a big help. For example, make the lights in your home a little brighter. Use small night lights at night. This will help them feel less afraid and anxious about shadows in the dark.
6. Take care of yourself too
This is very important. Caring for someone is not easy. It can be very tiring and stressful. So never be afraid to ask for help. Ask for help from your family, friends, social workers, or medical team. Only if you are well can you take good care of your loved one.
Don't forget, if you notice any new symptoms, see your doctor immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent or delay some complications.
Take-Home Message
- Psychosis associated with dementia goes far beyond the visible symptoms.
- Be aware of hidden complications such as memory loss, confusion, and changes in behavior, especially in the evening (sundowning).
- When your loved one is upset, it's important to stay calm and try to understand if there is a reason for their behavior.
- Talk to your doctor immediately if you notice any new symptoms or changes in behavior.
- As a caregiver, it is essential to take care of yourself. Don't hesitate to ask for help from others when needed.
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