While playing, doing household chores, or even just walking around, there is a high chance that our fingers will get injured in some way, right? Sometimes, the finger can get sprained, swollen, or even a bone can break. When this happens, when you go to see a doctor, he or she may ask you to put on a 'finger splint'. So what is a finger splint? What does it actually do? Let's talk about it in detail and simply today.
What is a finger splint?
Simply put, a finger splint is a small ' strap ' that is placed on your injured finger. It is a medical device. It is used to keep your finger in one position, without moving it. We call this 'immobilization' . This allows the injured bones, ligaments or tendons to rest and begin to heal faster.
This splint is usually made of a sturdy material, such as plastic or metal. It also has a foam or soft fabric cushion on the inside to prevent discomfort or injury to the finger. Your doctor will tell you what kind of splint you need and how long you should wear it, depending on the nature of your injury.
How does this work?
Imagine you have a broken bone in your finger or a sprained joint. Rest is essential for the area to heal properly. If we continue to move or flex the finger, it will hinder the healing process and increase the pain.
A finger splint does exactly that. It keeps the finger in one place, so it doesn't put unnecessary stress on it. This has two main benefits:
1. The pain decreases.
2. Inflammation is reduced.
When the injured area is immobilized, the body is able to continue its natural healing process. That's the basic principle behind this.
What types of finger splints are there?
Depending on the nature of your injury, your doctor will choose the type of splint that is right for you. Some of these can be purchased at pharmacies. These are some of the main types you will see.
| Type of Splint | Description |
|---|---|
| Gutter Splint | This is a U-shaped splint that acts as a support under the finger and on both sides. |
| Two-finger Splint (Buddy Splint) | This involves taping the injured finger to the adjacent healthy finger, like a 'buddy', with tape or bandage. The healthy finger acts as a support here. |
| Stack Splint | This is like a cap that is placed on the tip of the finger. It is most commonly used for injuries to the tip of the finger (e.g. Mallet finger). |
| Thumb Spica Splint | This is a special splint used for injuries to the wrist and thumb. It immobilizes the thumb along with the wrist. |
| Dynamic Splint | This is a bit more complicated. This splint may have a hinge or spring. It provides support for the finger while allowing a limited range of motion to perform the exercises (stretches) prescribed by the doctor. |
In what situations is a splint used?
Finger splints are used as a treatment for a variety of finger injuries and conditions. Some examples include:
- Mallet finger: This is when the tip of the finger cannot be straightened. This condition is commonly seen when a ball hits the tip of the finger while playing sports like cricket or volleyball.
- Sprained fingers: An unnecessary stretching of the ligaments in a finger joint.
- Some types of broken fingers: Not for all fractures, but for simple fractures that are not severe and do not involve any displacement of the bones, a splint is sufficient.
- Finger dislocations: A bone in a joint moving out of its normal position.
- Osteoarthritis: A splint can sometimes help control the pain and swelling caused by osteoarthritis, which can occur with age.
The difference between a splint and a cast
Many people confuse the two. Although both involve immobilizing a part of the body, there are clear differences between them.
| Characteristic | Finger Splint | Cast (plaster) |
|---|---|---|
| Support | Provides less support than a cast. | Provides very strong support and protection. |
| Adjustment | They are often pre-made and can be tightened with straps. | It is specially made to fit the injured area. |
| Rescue/Preparation | It can be easily removed and re-attached as directed by a doctor. It can be tightened as the swelling subsides. | It should only be removed by a doctor. It cannot be adjusted. |
| Usage | For simple fractures, sprains, and tendon injuries. | Often for severe fractures (in the hand or wrist). |
One of the biggest advantages of a splint is that it can be adjusted to fit your foot, even when there is swelling. Also, if your doctor allows it, you can take it off, like when you shower. But remember, only take the splint off when your doctor tells you to . Otherwise, the healing process may be hindered.
When to see a doctor
Even if you're wearing a splint, there are some symptoms you should be aware of. If you experience any of these, see your doctor immediately.
- If the pain becomes unbearable.
- If the swelling is getting worse.
- If the finger changes color (turning blue/black).
- If the finger is tingling or if there is numbness.
- If the splint causes skin wounds (pressure sores).
- If there is a bad smell or pus-like discharge from under the splint (signs of infection).
If the pain is unbearable immediately after the injury, if the shape of the finger has changed significantly, or if it is bleeding, it is best to go to the Emergency Department (ETU) of the nearest hospital.
Take-Home Message
- A finger splint is a support that keeps an injured finger immobile and helps it heal faster.
- Always use only the type of splint recommended by your doctor. Using the wrong splint can make the injury worse.
- Always keep the splint and the skin underneath it clean and dry . Staying wet can lead to skin infections.
- It is very important to wear the splint for the full time your doctor advises. Removing it too soon can cause the injury to recur.
- If you notice increased pain, swelling, numbness, or a change in color in your finger, see your doctor immediately.
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