Labor Pain Relief: What you need to know!

As the baby approaches, the biggest question and fear that comes to every mother's mind is, 'How will I cope with this pain?' Maybe you've heard stories from your friends and relatives, but you're still feeling a lot of pressure. But don't worry, it's very normal. The most important thing is to be properly informed about this. Today, we'll talk about what labor pain is and what options we have to reduce it in a simple way that you can understand.

What is labor pain really like?

The first thing to understand is that everyone's labor is different. So the pain you feel can vary from person to person. There are several factors that affect how much pain you feel. For example, the size of your baby, the position your baby is in, how strong your contractions are, and your general ability to tolerate pain.

Simply put, labor pain is caused by your uterus tightening and then relaxing (contracting). We call these contractions. This happens to help push the baby down the vagina. This pushing causes your cervix to open (dilate) and thin (efface). You may also feel pain because the baby's head is pressing on your bladder and bowels. You may also feel pain as your vagina stretches as the baby finally comes out.

Often the most painful part of labor is when these contractions come. The way they feel is not the same for everyone. Sometimes the pain you feel with your second baby can be different from the pain you felt with your first. Some mothers describe it as a sharp stomach ache like during menstruation . Others say it feels like a wave of pain that comes and goes, like the pain you feel when your stomach is emptying .

Sometimes, the more intense the pain, the more difficult it is to bear, the more persistent it is. That's why many people seek pain relief.

What are the options to reduce pain?

The best thing is, you are not alone in dealing with this pain. There are many ways to help you. There are two main ways:

1. Medicated options to reduce pain

2. Non-medicated options for pain management

It's important to discuss these options with your doctor before you have your baby, even during your prenatal visits. When you're well-informed about the pros and cons of each method, it'll be easier for you to make a decision when the time comes.

Sometimes an anesthesiologist will come and explain the epidural or spinal anesthesia to you. Ask any questions you may have at that time.

Main methods of reducing pain with medication

Let's now see what methods are used to use the medicine.

1. Pain relievers (Analgesics)

These are painkillers that are given into a vein (through an `IV`) or into a muscle. These medications do not completely eliminate pain, but they greatly reduce the sensation of pain. Because these medications affect your entire body, both you and your baby may feel a little sleepy. That's why they are often used early in labor. They help you rest and conserve your energy. These are ``Opioid`` type painkillers. As a side effect, they can slightly affect the baby's breathing pattern after birth, so talk to your doctor before using them to understand the pros and cons.

2. Local anesthesia

This involves numbing a small area of ​​your body, such as the vagina and the area around it (the `vulva` and `perineum`). This is often done when the baby is about to be born, or if a wound needs to be stitched up after the baby is born (such as an `episiotomy` or a tear in the vagina).

One special type of this is called a pudendal block . In this, an injection is given to the pudendal nerve. This eliminates the pain felt in and around the vagina as the baby comes out of the vagina.

3. Regional Anesthesia

This is the most popular and effective method of pain relief during childbirth. It will reduce or completely eliminate pain from your lower back. You can also use this method if you have to have an emergency C-section. You are fully awake at this point, and only the pain will be relieved.

There are 3 main types of this. Let's see what they are.

Answers to your questions about epidurals!

Many people have questions about the epidural. Let's answer them.

• Will this affect my baby?

No. Numerous studies have confirmed that this method is safe for both you and your baby.

• How long has this had an effect?

The pain relief from an epidural lasts until the end of your labor, because more medication can be given at any time through the catheter.

• How much will I be numb?

Even though you don't feel any pain, you may still feel a "pushing" when a contraction comes. You may feel pressure when a doctor examines you. You may not be able to walk much. But you are fully awake and conscious. When it's time to push, you will feel it.

• Will having an epidural delay my labor?

Some people may experience a temporary slowdown in their contractions after an epidural. But for most people, once the pain is gone, they calm down, so the contraction pattern improves. You also get a chance to rest.

• Will I be able to push the baby?

It's definitely possible. An epidural is meant to give you a pain-free rest until your cervix opens. When it's time to push, you'll have the strength you need. It won't affect your ability to push.

• Are there any side effects to this?

Serious complications are very rare. The anesthesiologist takes special care to prevent them. However, some minor side effects may occur:

• Low blood pressure: To prevent this, you will be given saline (IV) and your blood pressure will be monitored continuously.
• Minor itching: If it's bothersome, you can give it medication.
• Headache: If you get a headache after the epidural, drinking fluids and taking a painkiller will help. If it persists, tell your doctor.

4. General Anesthesia

This involves putting you completely to sleep. This is usually only used in emergencies, such as an emergency C-section. Although it works quickly, the main disadvantage is that you won't be able to see the baby right after it's born.

5. Nitrous Oxide - Laughing Gas

This is a tasteless, odorless gas. You breathe it in through a mask when you are about to have a contraction. It doesn't stop the pain, but it does reduce the fear and anxiety of the pain. It is not commonly used in Sri Lanka.

Natural ways to cope with pain without medication

Some mothers prefer to face this challenge naturally, without medication. There are many ways to help with that too. Sometimes, you can try these methods even while using medication.

• Massage: Ask your partner or someone close to you to massage your back and shoulders.
• Bathing in hot water: Taking a hot bath or letting hot water run down your back can help relax muscles and relieve pain.
• Listening to calming music: Listen to music that you like and that calms your mind.
• Using a Birthing Ball: Sitting on a large exercise ball and rocking back and forth can provide relief to the lower back.
• Breathing exercises: Practice deep breathing and exhalation patterns. When a contraction occurs, focusing on it can help distract you from the pain.
• Meditation or Hypnobirthing: Mindfulness techniques and self-hypnosis (`Hypnobirthing`) can be very helpful in managing pain.
• Having someone close by: Having your husband, partner, mother, sister, or a trusted friend by your side and encouraging you is a great mental boost.

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