Choosing a family planning method is sometimes not as easy as you might think. Each method has its pros and cons. Today we are going to talk about the "hormonal IUD", a popular, long-term birth control method among many people. Your doctor may have told you about it. So let's take a look at what this IUD is, what it does, and what you need to be aware of when using it.
What is this hormonal loop?
Simply put, it's a small, 'T'-shaped plastic device that's placed inside your uterus . It releases a hormone called levonorgestrel . This is a synthetic hormone similar to the naturally occurring hormone progesterone in women, a type of progestin .
This hormone causes two main things to happen:
1. It prevents ovulation, or the release of an egg.
2. The mucus lining the cervix thickens, making it harder for sperm to enter the uterus.
Both of these methods prevent pregnancy. Doctors recommend this not only for birth control, but also to control heavy menstrual bleeding (heavy periods) that some women experience. This device is available in Sri Lanka and the world under various brand names such as `(Kyleena, LILETTA, Mirena, Skyla)`. Your doctor will decide which type is right for you.
Be sure to discuss these things with your doctor before having the IUD inserted.
The loop is not a one-size-fits-all solution, so it's important to give your doctor a complete history of your health. If you have any of the conditions listed below, you should definitely tell your doctor.
| Your health condition | Why should you care? |
|---|---|
| Breast, uterine, or cervical cancer or suspected cancer | Hormones can influence the growth of cancer. |
| Unexplained vaginal bleeding | The cause of the bleeding must first be investigated. |
| Liver disease or tumor | Because the liver affects hormone metabolism. |
| An existing genital or pelvic infection | Inserting the loop may worsen the infection. |
| If you have had a previous ectopic pregnancy | We need to consider whether there is such a risk again. |
| Having an abnormal shape of the uterus | This may prevent the loop from being placed correctly. |
| Diabetes, heart disease, blood clotting problems | These conditions can cause problems with hormone use. |
| If you or your partner have sexual partners egodak | Because the risk of sexually transmitted diseases is higher. |
| If you are pregnant or trying to get pregnant | This should never be used during pregnancy. |
| If breastfeeding | You should talk to your doctor and decide on the best time. |
How to use the loop?
This is not something you can put in yourself. It is inserted into the uterus in a clinic by a trained doctor or nurse . It can be used continuously for 3 to 8 years (depending on the type). If you want to continue using this method after that time, you will need to remove the old one and have a new one inserted.
Things to keep in mind when using the loop
After you put on the noose, you have to be a little careful.
- Checking the strings: There are two small strings at the bottom of the loop. These are inserted into the vagina. Once a month, especially after your period, you can insert clean fingers into your vagina to feel for these strings. Never pull on these strings. If you cannot feel the strings, or if you feel like you are getting a grip on the plastic part of the loop instead of the strings, call your doctor immediately.
- IUD coming out on its own: Although very rare, the IUD can come out on its own. If this happens, you will lose your birth control protection. So if the IUD comes out, immediately use another form of birth control, such as a condom, and see your doctor.
- MRI Scan: If you ever have to have a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, you must tell the medical staff that you have a loop and the type of loop it is.
Most importantly: This birth control method does not protect you or your partner from HIV or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is essential to use a condom.
Serious side effects (tell your doctor about these immediately!)
If you experience any of the symptoms below, it could be a sign of a serious condition. So, call your doctor without delay. If necessary, go to the Emergency Department (ETU) .
| Side effect | Things you can feel |
|---|---|
| Allergic reactions | Skin rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, tongue. |
| Pelvic infection (PID) | Fever, lower abdominal pain, urinary tract infection, pain or bleeding during sex. |
| Stroke | Sudden numbness/weakness in the face, arm, or leg, difficulty speaking, difficulty walking, severe headache. |
| Blood clot | Leg pain, swelling, difficulty breathing, chest pain. |
| Liver injury | Pain in the upper right abdomen, loss of appetite, yellowing of the eyes or skin, dark yellow/brown urine. |
| Other serious symptoms | New or worsening migraines, high blood pressure, depression, unusual vaginal discharge, itching, or odor. |
Commonly seen side effects
There are some side effects, but they are not that serious. Most of the time, they go away after a few months as your body gets used to them. But if they persist, or if they are very bothersome to you, it is a good idea to tell your doctor.
- Breast pain or tightness
- Irregular menstrual cycles or spotting
- Nausea
- Weight gain
- Dark spots on the skin on the face or sun-exposed areas
There is no need to talk about overdose here, as this is a device that is implanted by a doctor. However, if you suspect any poisoning, you can contact the National Poison Information Center at the Colombo National Hospital .
Take-Home Message
- The hormonal IUD is a highly effective birth control method that is implanted in the uterus and lasts for several years.
- It is imperative that you tell your doctor your complete health history before having this done.
- After the IUD is inserted, it is a good practice to check the threads monthly. If you cannot feel the threads or the IUD gets caught in your hand, see a doctor immediately.
- This does not provide any protection against sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.
- If you experience serious symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, fever, or unusual bleeding or discharge, seek medical advice immediately.
- If you have any problems, it's best to talk to your doctor instead of trusting what you find on the internet.
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