Bari mu gano game da matakin sukari a cikin jininka (Gwajin Glucose na Jini)? Shin ana yin wannan ne kawai don ciwon suga?

Sannu! Yaya kake? A yau za mu yi magana game da wani batu mai mahimmanci ga mutane da yawa. Wato, duba matakan sukari a jini, ko kuma kamar yadda muke kira shi, "Gwajin Glucose na Jini". Wataƙila ka yi wannan "gwajin". Ko kuma wataƙila ka ji wani yana magana game da shi. Bari mu ga menene shi, dalilin da yasa ake yin sa, da kuma yadda ake yin sa, duk a cikin sauƙi.

Menene Gwajin Glucose na Jini?

A taƙaice dai, wannan gwaji ne da ke auna adadin glucose (sukari) a cikin jininka. Ana amfani da wannan gwajin ne musamman don tantance ko kana da ciwon suga ko kuma kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon suga. Duk da haka, wannan gwajin ba wai kawai ana amfani da shi ne ga ciwon suga ba. Za mu yi magana a kai daga baya.

Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na wannan gwajin.

Yanzu duba, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don yin wannan gwajin sukari na jini.

• Gwajin glucose na jini na Capillary: Wannan ya ƙunshi huda kan yatsanka da ƙaramin allura da kuma ɗaukar digo na jini. Ga ƙananan yara, ana yin wannan ne daga diddige. Sannan ana sanya digo na jini a kan tsiri na gwaji sannan a saka shi a cikin na'urar auna glucose, wadda za ta iya auna matakan sukari na jininka cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan. Wataƙila ka ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga suna duba sukarin jininsu a gida ta wannan hanyar. Wannan yana ba da sakamako mai sauri.

• Gwajin jini na jini na jijiyoyin jini/jini: Wannan ya ƙunshi ɗaukar ƙaramin jini daga jijiyar hannu ta amfani da sirinji. Likitan phlebotomist ne ke yin wannan, mutumin da aka horar da shi wajen shan jini. Sau da yawa ana yin wannan tare da wasu gwaje-gwajen jini, kamar Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP). Daga nan sai a aika samfurin jinin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.

Gabaɗaya dai, sakamakon da aka samu daga gwajin jinin jijiyoyi ya fi daidaito fiye da wanda aka samu daga gwajin yatsa.

Akwai wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen glucose?

Eh, akwai wasu hanyoyi da dama.

• Gwajin Suga na Jini na Azumi: Wannan kuma muhimmin gwaji ne don gano ko kuna da ciwon suga. Matsayin sukari na jini yana canzawa bayan mun ci abinci. Saboda haka, ta hanyar yin wannan "gwajin" bayan 'yan awanni (yawanci awanni 8-12) ba tare da ci ko shan komai ba (ruwa ne kawai za ku iya sha), za ku iya samun cikakken fahimtar "suga na jini na asali".

• Kula da sukari a gida: Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga. Suna sa ido kan yawan sukarin jininsu akai-akai, ko dai da na'urar auna sukari da ke huda yatsansu da ƙaramin allura, ko kuma da na'urar auna sukari mai ci gaba (CGM), wata ƙaramar na'ura da aka haɗa da fata. Sanin matakan sukarin jinin ku ta wannan hanyar yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye ciwon suga a ƙarƙashin iko.

Menene ainihin glucose (sukari) a cikin jini?

Ka yi tunani a kai, glucose shine babban mai da ke ba wa jikinmu kuzari. Wannan glucose galibi ana samar da shi ne daga carbohydrates da ke cikin abincin da muke ci da abin sha. Hanta kuma tana samar da wani glucose. Wannan glucose yana tafiya ta cikin jini zuwa ƙwayoyin halitta a ko'ina cikin jiki, inda yake samar da kuzarin da suke buƙata.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban a jikinmu da ke taimakawa wajen kiyaye daidaitaccen matakin glucose a cikin jini. Insulin hormone yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan.

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine kiyaye matakan glucose na jini a matakin lafiya.

Idan matakan glucose na jini suna da yawa akai-akai, ana kiransa hyperglycemia. Wannan sau da yawa alama ce ta ciwon suga. Ciwon suga yana faruwa ne lokacin da pancreas ɗinka bai samar da isasshen insulin ba, ko kuma lokacin da jikinka ba zai iya amfani da insulin ɗin da yake samarwa yadda ya kamata ba.

A wane lokaci ne ya kamata a duba sukarin jininka?

Akwai dalilai da dama da yasa za ku so ku yi wannan "gwajin". Duba ko ɗayan waɗannan ya shafe ku:

• A matsayin gwajin jini na yau da kullun da likitanka ya umarta: Wani lokaci likitanka zai yi odar "Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)" ko "Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)" a matsayin gwajin jini na yau da kullun. Duk waɗannan "panel" ɗin sun haɗa da auna matakan glucose ɗinku.
• Idan kana da alamun ciwon suga mai yawa ko ƙasa da haka: Kana jin ƙishirwa sosai, kana yin fitsari akai-akai, kana rage nauyi, kuma kana jin gajiya, waɗanda sune alamun ciwon suga mai yawa a jini (Hypoglycemia), ko kuma idan kana da alamun ciwon suga mai ƙasa da yawa (Hypoglycemia), kamar gumi, girgiza, jin girgiza, da kuma jin yunwa, likitanka zai yi maka wannan gwajin.
• A lokacin daukar ciki: Wasu mutane na iya kamuwa da ciwon suga na ɗan lokaci wanda ake kira "ciwon suga na ciki" a lokacin daukar ciki. Haka kuma ake auna sukarin jini idan aka yi "gwajin jure glucose" don gano shi.
• Idan kana shan wasu magunguna na dogon lokaci: Misali, magunguna kamar corticosteroids na iya shafar matakan sukarin jininka idan aka yi amfani da su na dogon lokaci. A irin waɗannan yanayi, likitanka zai iya ba ka shawara ka riƙa duba matakan sukari akai-akai.

Gwajin sukari da aka fi yi a jini shine a duba ciwon suga na nau'in 2 (T2D). Idan kana da abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon suga (misali, tarihin iyali na ciwon suga, kiba, rashin motsa jiki), likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar ka yi wannan gwajin akai-akai, ba tare da la'akari da shekarunka ba. Ƙungiyar Ciwon Sukari ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa duk wanda ya wuce shekaru 35 a yi masa gwajin akai-akai.

Ta yaya ya kamata ka shirya kafin wannan gwajin?

Idan kuna buƙatar gwajin glucose na jini na azumi,Kada a ci ko a sha komai (sai ruwa) na tsawon awanni 8 zuwa 12 kafin gwajin.

Idan gwajin sukari na jininka an yi shi ne a matsayin wani ɓangare na "Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP)" ko "Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)", ƙila za ka buƙaci yin azumi na 'yan awanni. Duk da haka, idan kana buƙatar bin wasu umarni na musamman, likitanka zai sanar da kai a gaba. Don haka babu abin damuwa a kai.

Me ke faruwa a lokacin gwajin?

Wannan kuma ya ɗan bambanta dangane da nau'in gwajin da kake yi.

A cikin gwajin da ake ɗaukar jini daga jijiya (gwajin glucose na jijiyoyin jini):

• Za a zaunar da kai a kujera.
• Likitan phlebotomist zai zaɓi wata jijiyar hannu mai sauƙi don ɗaukar jini daga ciki. Sau da yawa, yana cikin gwiwar hannu.
• Da zarar an gano jijiyar, sai a tsaftace wurin sosai sannan a yi wa wurin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Sannan a saka ƙaramin allura a cikin jijiyar sannan a ɗauki samfurin jini.
• Bayan an saka allurar, ana tattara ƙaramin jini a cikin ƙaramin bututun gwaji.
• Bayan an ɗauki samfurin jinin, ana cire allurar sannan a saka auduga ko gauze a wurin da aka yi zubar jinin.
• A ƙarshe, sanya ƙaramin bandeji a wurin kuma ka gama. Abu ne mai sauƙi.

A cikin gwajin yatsa (gwajin glucose na jini na Capillary):

• Ma'aikacin lafiya zai tambaye ka wane yatsa za ka ɗauka jini daga ciki.
• Sannan, za a tsaftace yatsun hannunka da swab na barasa.
• Bayan haka, ana amfani da ƙaramin allura da ake kira "lancet" (yawanci ana yin wannan a cikin ƙaramin na'urar filastik) don huda saman yatsan. Wannan ba shi da zafi sosai.
• Sai ka matse yatsanka kaɗan don ya samar da digo na jini.
• Ana sanya wannan digon jini a kan wani tsiri na gwaji wanda aka haɗa da na'urar auna glucose.
• Bayan sun ɗauki isasshen jini don gwajin, za su ba ku auduga ko gauze don dakatar da zubar jinin sannan su roƙe ku da ku riƙe yatsun hannunku sosai.
• A cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan, na'urar auna sukari za ta nuna matakin sukarin jininka a allon.

Ka gani, wannan ma abu ne mai sauƙi.

Har yaushe ake ɗauka don sanin sakamakon?

Idan aka yi maka gwajin glucose na jini ta hanyar jijiya, sau da yawa za ka iya samun sakamakon cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu.

Ana iya ganin sakamakon gwajin glucose na jini na capillary cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan ta amfani da na'urar auna glucose.

Menene matakin sukari na jini na yau da kullun ya kamata ya kasance?

Matsakaicin sukari mai kyau a cikin jini ga wanda ba shi da ciwon suga ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin milligrams 70 zuwa 99 a kowace deciliter (mg/dL) . Wato, a cikin millimoles a kowace lita (mmol/L), tsakanin 3.9 da 5.5 (3.9-5.5 mmol/L) .

Wani lokaci, ƙima tsakanin 50 mg/dL (2.8 mmol/L) da 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) na iya zama "al'ada" ga mutanen da ba su da ciwon sukari.

Menene ma'anar yawan sukari a jini?

Idan matakin glucose na jininka yana tsakanin 100 mg/dL da 125 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L da 6.9 mmol/L), sau da yawa yana nufin kana da prediabetes . Mutanen da ke da prediabetes suna da kashi 50% na damar kamuwa da ciwon suga na nau'in 2 cikin shekaru 5 zuwa 10 masu zuwa. Amma mafi kyawun sashi shine, za ka iya ɗaukar matakai don magance prediabetes.

Idan matakin glucose na jininka ya kai 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) ko sama da haka idan aka yi gwajin sukari na jini sau da yawa a cikin azumi, yawanci yana nufin kana da ciwon suga. Mutanen da ke da ciwon suga na nau'in 1 na iya samun yawan sukari a jini (200 mg/dL ko 11.1 mmol/L ko sama da haka).

Koma dai mene ne, likitanka zai iya yin odar gwajin A1c kafin ya yi gwajin cutar. Gwajin A1c yana nuna matsakaicin matakin sukari a cikin jininka na tsawon watanni da dama.

Akwai wasu dalilan da yasa matakan sukari a jini ke ƙaruwa?

Haka ne, ban da ciwon sukari, matakan glucose na jini na iya ƙaruwa saboda wasu dalilai da yawa:

• Matsalolin da ke tattare da glandar adrenal, misali, Cushing syndrome.
• Matsalolin pancreas, misali, pancreatitis.
• Ciwon suga.
• Kasancewa cikin mawuyacin hali na tunani, misali bayan tiyata ko wani babban haɗari (rashin lafiya).
• Wasu magunguna, musamman corticosteroids.

Me ake nufi da ƙarancin sukari a jini?

Ana ɗaukar matakin sukari a jini na 70 mg/dL ko ƙasa da haka (Hypoglycemia) a matsayin ƙasa sosai ga manya da ke fama da ciwon sukari.

Yawan hauhawar jini (hypoglycemia) ya zama ruwan dare a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 1. Haka kuma yana iya shafar mutanen da ke fama da ciwon suga na nau'in 2 waɗanda ke shan wasu magunguna. Duk da haka, ba kasafai ake samun su a cikin mutanen da ba su da ciwon suga ba.

Ko da ba ka da ciwon sukari, ƙarancin matakan glucose a cikin jini na iya zama alamar wata cuta kamar haka:

• Cutar hanta
• Cutar koda
• Ciwon thyroid
• Ciwon Addison (rashin isasshen adrenal)
• Matsalar Amfani da Barasa (AUD)
• Insulinoma (Wannan ciwon daji ne mai matuƙar wuya)

Waɗannan yanayi galibi suna haifar da raguwar sukari a cikin jini akai-akai. Bai kamata mutumin da ba shi da ciwon suga ya ji tsoron raguwar sukari a cikin jini sau ɗaya ba.

Abu ne na al'ada a ji tsoro idan aka ga sakamakon gwaji na daban. Amma ku tuna, yawan sukarin jini guda ɗaya ko ƙasa ba lallai bane yana nufin kuna da wata matsala ko kuna buƙatar magani. Likitoci suna amfani da fiye da gwajin jini kawai don gano cututtuka kamar ciwon suga. Kada ku ji tsoron yin tambayoyi ga likitan ku. Suna nan don taimaka muku.

To, mene ne abubuwan da ya kamata mu tuna daga duk wannan? (Saƙon Gida)

To, mun yi magana sosai game da wannan "Gwajin Glucose na Jini". Ga wasu abubuwan da za a tuna a takaice:

• Duk da cewa ana amfani da gwajin sukari na jini ne musamman don gano ciwon suga, yana kuma iya bayar da alamu game da wasu matsalolin lafiya.
• Baya ga gwaje-gwajen yatsa masu sauri, akwai ƙarin gwaje-gwaje masu inganci waɗanda ake yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar ɗaukar jini daga jijiya.
• Gwajin sukari na jini na azumi zai iya ba ku kyakkyawan ra'ayi game da matakin sukari na jini na asali.
• Kafin ka firgita game da sakamakon, ka tabbata ka yi magana da likitanka. Kada ka yi bincike bisa ga sakamakon gwaji ɗaya.
• Idan kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon suga, ko kuma kana da alamun cutar, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi wannan gwajin a lokaci-lokaci kamar yadda likitanka ya ba da shawara.
• Kiyaye matakan sukari a cikin jini a cikin matsakaicin da aka saba yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwa mai lafiya.

Don haka, idan likitanka ya taɓa buƙatar ka yi wannan ''(Gwajin Glucose na Jini)'', babu abin da za a ji tsoro ko shakku a kai. Kawai abu ne mai muhimmanci a yi don duba lafiyarka. Ka fahimta?

Gwajin sukari a jini, gwajin glucose, ciwon suga, matakin sukari, gwajin azumi, hawan jini, hypoglycemia