Abubuwan da ya kamata ku sani game da bugun zuciyar mata!

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda zuciyarka ke bugawa da sauri idan kana tsaye cak? Wani lokaci yana jin kamar yana bugawa da sauri, wani lokacin kuma yana jin kamar yana jinkiri sosai. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga mata su san bugun zuciyarsu, domin bugun zuciyarmu na iya ɗan bambanta da na namiji.

Menene bugun zuciya na yau da kullun ga mace?

Matsakaicin bugun zuciyar mace balagagge yana tsakanin bugun 78 zuwa 82 a minti ɗaya. Amma abin da muke ɗauka a matsayin "tsawon al'ada" shine tsakanin bugun 60 zuwa 100 a minti ɗaya. Wannan ƙimar na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Abubuwa da yawa suna shafar wannan, gami da hormones ɗinku, motsa jiki da kuke yi, da salon rayuwarku .

Gabaɗaya, mata suna da ɗan bugun zuciya fiye da maza. Matsakaicin bugun zuciya ga namiji babba yana tsakanin bugun 70 zuwa 72 a minti ɗaya.

Me yasa bugun zuciyar maza da mata ya bambanta?

Akwai dalili mai sauƙi. Yawanci, a lokacin balaga , zuciyar saurayi tana girma da kashi 15% zuwa 30% fiye da zuciyar yarinya. Wannan ƙaruwar girman zuciya tana faruwa ne yayin da jiki ke girma.

Yanzu ka yi tunani a kai, idan zuciyarka ta buga sau ɗaya, wannan matsewar ita ce ke fitar da jini a cikin jikinka. Zukatan mata gabaɗaya sun ɗan yi ƙanƙanta fiye da zukatan maza, don haka don fitar da jini iri ɗaya a cikin jikinka, zuciyarka dole ta yi ta bugawa kaɗan. Shi ya sa bugun zuciyarmu ya ɗan yi yawa. Ka gani?

Wane bugun zuciya ne ke da haɗari ga mace?

Idan bugun zuciyarka na hutawa ya wuce bugun 100 a minti ɗaya, koda kuwa ba ka motsa jiki ba, zai iya zama wata babbar matsala . Ya kamata ka ga likita nan da nan, musamman idan kana fuskantar alamun kamar jiri da kuma ciwon kai .

Hakazalika, bugun zuciya da ya faɗi ƙasa da bugun 60 a minti ɗaya na iya zama matsala. Musamman idan kana jin jiri, ko kuma kana jin kasala sosai. Duk da haka, abu ne na al'ada ga mutane masu aiki, kamar 'yan wasa, su sami bugun zuciya a cikin shekaru 40 da 50 a minti ɗaya. Babu abin damuwa a kai.

Ta yaya hormones ke shafar bugun zuciya?

Bincike ya gano cewa kafin daina al'ada , wato, kafin daina al'ada gaba ɗaya, mata suna da aikin zuciya mafi kyau fiye da maza masu shekaru ɗaya. Duk da haka, bayan daina al'ada, wannan bambancin bai bayyana ba. Masu bincike sun yi imanin cewa wannan yana iya alaƙa da hormone estrogen da lafiyar zuciya.

Ta yaya premenopause da menopause ke shafar ku?

Kafin mata su shiga cikin hailar haihuwa da kuma daina haila, suna samun sakamako mafi kyau daga wasu cututtukan zuciya (idan aka kwatanta da maza masu shekaru ɗaya). Misali:

• Ciwon zuciya : Wannan wani kunkuntar bawul ne na babban jijiyar zuciya.
• Ciwon zuciya mai yawan toshewa : Ciwon zuciya.
• Hawan jini (Hawan jini) .
• Ciwon zuciya mai tsanani (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) .

Duk da haka, sakamakon waɗannan yanayi iri ɗaya ne ga mata masu bayan daina al'ada da maza masu shekaru ɗaya.

Shin maganin maye gurbin hormone (HRT) yana inganta lafiyar zuciya?

Masu bincike ba su gano cewa maganin maye gurbin hormones (HRT) magani ne mai inganci don inganta aikin zuciya ga mata bayan daina al'ada ba. Hakanan ba ya rage haɗarin gaggawa na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Duk da haka, HRT na iya taimakawa wajen magance alamun rashin al'ada, kamar bugun zuciya, walƙiya mai zafi, ko gumi na dare .

Shin zagayowar jinin al'adar ku ta wata-wata tana shafar bugun zuciyar ku?

Eh, hakika. Matakan hormones ɗinku suna canzawa a duk tsawon lokacin hailar ku na wata-wata. Yawanci, bugun zuciyar ku yana ƙaruwa kaɗan a lokacin ovulation da kuma mako bayan haka (luteal phase). Saurin bugun zuciyar ku yana raguwa kaɗan a cikin kwanakin da suka gabaci hailar ku da kuma mako bayan haka (follicular phase). Wannan al'ada ce.

Me ke faruwa da bugun zuciya yayin daukar ciki?

Matsakaicin bugun zuciya na mata masu juna biyu ya fi na mata masu juna biyu. Idan kina da juna biyu, zuciyarki dole ta yi aiki tukuru don ta tura jini zuwa mahaifarki . Adadin jinin da zuciyarki ke bugawa yana ƙaruwa da kashi 30% zuwa 50%. Saboda haka, matsakaicin bugun zuciyarki yana ƙaruwa zuwa kusan bugun 90 a minti ɗaya yayin daukar ciki. Haka kuma, idan kina motsa jiki a lokacin daukar ciki, bugun zuciyarki yana ƙaruwa fiye da yadda aka saba.

Abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a sami ƙananan bugun zuciya a lokacin daukar ciki. Misali, kusan ɗaya cikin mata masu juna biyu za su fuskanci wata matsala da ake kira ciwon atrial contractions da wuri . Waɗannan ciwon arrhythmias ba kasafai suke haifar da matsaloli ba kuma galibi suna warwarewa ba tare da magani ba. Duk da haka, ciwon arrhythmias masu tsanani, kamar ciwon zuciya na diastolic, na iya buƙatar magani.

Wadanne matsaloli ne suka fi shafar bugun zuciya (arrhythmias) da ke shafar mata?

Wasu matsalolin bugun zuciya (arrhythmias) da kuma yanayin da ke shafar bugun zuciya sun fi yawa a cikin mata. Wasu daga cikinsu sune:

• Atrial tachycardia : bugun zuciya mai sauri da ba daidai ba a cikin ɗakunan sama na zuciya (atria).
• Atrioventricular nodal rentry tachycardia (AVNRT) : Sau da yawa bugun zuciya yana faruwa da sauri.
• Ciwon Dogon QT (LQTS) : Yanayi ne da siginar lantarki ke ɗaukar lokaci fiye da yadda aka saba kafin a aika ta ƙananan ɗakunan zuciya (ventricles) sannan a sake cika ta.
• Ciwon tachycardia na Postural orthostatic (POTS) : Yanayi ne da ke haifar da jiri da bugun zuciya da sauri idan aka tashi daga kwance.
• Rashin ƙarfin lantarki (PEA) arrest : Wannan wani nau'in bugun zuciya ne. Abin da ke faruwa a nan shi ne, duk da cewa akwai siginar lantarki ta yau da kullun daga zuciya, zuciya ba ta bugawa, don haka babu bugun zuciya.
• Tsarin fitar da iskar ventricular na dama (RVOT) da kuma arrhythmias na ventricular (VAs) : Matsalar bugun zuciya wadda jijiyoyin zuciya ke tsallake bugun zuciya maimakon yin famfo yadda ya kamata.
• Ciwon sinus mai tsanani : Ciwon zuciya wanda ke faruwa lokacin da kumburin sinoatrial (SA), wanda ke aika siginar lantarki don fara kowace bugun zuciya, bai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba.

Wadanne matsalolin bugun zuciya ne ke shafar mata sosai?

Haka kuma, mata ba sa fuskantar wasu matsaloli na bugun zuciya da kuma wasu yanayi da ke shafar bugun zuciya. Misalan:

• Atrial fibrillation (Afib) : Sautin zuciya mara tsari wanda ke farawa daga ɗakunan zuciya na sama (atria). (Ƙarin bayani game da wannan a ƙasa)
• Tachycardia na zuciya (Fascicular ventricular tachycardia) (FVT) : Yanayi ne da zuciya ke bugawa da sauri, wanda ya shafi tarin zare (fascicles) waɗanda ke ɗauke da siginar lantarki a cikin zuciya.
• Mutuwar zuciya kwatsam : Gaggawar lafiya ce da ke faruwa sakamakon rashin aikin zuciya kwatsam.
• Fibrillation na ventricular : Sautin zuciya mara tsari wanda ke shafar ƙananan ɗakunan zuciya (ventricles).
• Ciwon Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) : Yanayi ne da ke faruwa idan akwai wata hanya ta daban, wadda ba ta dace ba a cikin tsarin siginar lantarki na zuciya. Wannan na iya sa zuciya ta yi bugun da sauri ba daidai ba.

Shin rashin lafiyar atrial fibrillation (Afib) yana shafar maza da mata ta hanyoyi daban-daban?

Atrial fibrillation (Afib)Wannan matsalar bugun zuciya mara tsari ta fi yawa a maza fiye da mata. Duk da haka, idan mata suka kamu da wannan matsalar, suna iya fuskantar alamu daban-daban . Misali:

• Damuwa akai-akai
• bugun zuciya

Bugu da ƙari, mata suna da yiwuwar kamuwa da wasu cututtuka tare da Afib. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• Matsalar bugun zuciya tare da ƙa'idar fitar da iska ta yau da kullun.
• Hawan jini (Hawan jini) .
• Cutar bawul .

Ta yaya ake gane cututtukan zuciya (Arrhythmias)?

Idan kana zargin kana da matsalar bugun zuciya, za a iya tura ka zuwa ga likitan electrophysiologist , likitan zuciya wanda ya ƙware a fannin cututtukan bugun zuciya.

Likitanka zai iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje da na'urori da dama don gano matsalar bugun zuciya. Wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da:

• Na'urar lura da motsin jiki : Waɗannan na'urori ne da ake sawa a jiki. Suna yin rikodin bugun zuciyarka na tsawon kwanaki ko makonni. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen gano bugun zuciya mara tsari. Ka yi tunani a kai, wani lokacin kana jin daɗi a ofishin likita, amma kana jin bugun zuciyarka a gida. Wannan yana da matuƙar amfani a irin waɗannan lokutan.
• Gwajin Damuwa na Motsa Jiki : Gwaji ne da ke auna yadda zuciyarka ke amsawa idan ka ƙara yawan ayyukanka. Yawanci, ana tambayarka ka yi tafiya a kan na'urar motsa jiki ko kuma ka hau keken motsa jiki yayin da kake haɗa shi da injin da ke rikodin ayyukan wutar lantarki na zuciyarka.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) : Likita zai iya yin odar EKG don yin rikodin aikin wutar lantarki na zuciyarka. A cikin wannan, ana sanya ƙananan faci da yawa masu mannewa (electrodes) a ƙirjinka. Injin EKG yana nuna siginar wutar lantarki ta zuciyarka a matsayin jadawali.
• Nazarin Electrophysiology (EP) : Idan likitanka yana buƙatar ƙarin bayani bayan gwajin EKG ko gwajin damuwa, ƙila ka buƙaci yin nazarin EP. A cikin wannan, ana saka ƙananan bututun da ke da ramuka (catheters) ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini a cikin kugu. Ta amfani da waɗannan catheters, likitoci za su iya duba aikin zuciyarka.
• Gwajin teburin karkatarwa: Wannan na'urar tana nuna yadda wurare daban-daban na jiki ke shafar bugun zuciyarka, hawan jini, da kuma bugun zuciyarka. Kana kwance a kan tebur mai juyawa kuma an haɗa ka da na'urar EKG. Yayin da teburin ke motsawa ta wurare daban-daban, EKG yana rikodin aikin wutar lantarki na zuciyarka.

Ta yaya ake magance matsalolin bugun zuciya?

Yawanci, maganin rashin lafiyar zuciya na iya haɗawa da:

• Magani : Likitanka zai iya rubuta maka magunguna don sarrafa bugun zuciyarka ko rage haɗarin toshewar jini da bugun jini . Saboda mata suna da tazara ta QT fiye da maza, wasu magunguna da ke tsawaita tazara ta QT (misali, sotalol, dofetilide, amiodarone ) ƙila ba koyaushe suke dacewa ba.
• Canje-canje a salon rayuwa : Wasu matsaloli na iya raguwa ta hanyar canje-canje a salon rayuwa, kamar rage shan maganin kafeyin ko barasa . Dakatar da shan taba na iya taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin.
• Ƙarfin zuciya na lantarki : Yayin da kake barci, ana aika girgizar lantarki zuwa bangon ƙirjinka. Wannan zai iya dawo da bugun zuciya na yau da kullun. Wannan zai iya zama da amfani ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ba za su iya cimma bugun zuciya na yau da kullun ba tare da magani kaɗai. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi azaman hanyar ceton rai ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da arrhythmias na ventricular wanda zai iya haifar da bugun zuciya kwatsam.
• Maganin cirewar catheter : Likita zai saka wani catheter a cikin zuciyarka sannan ya aika da makamashi mai zafi ko sanyi ta cikinsa. Wannan yana haifar da ƙananan tabo a cikin kyallen zuciya wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaituwar yanayin, ta haka ne zai toshe hanyoyin lantarki marasa daidaituwa.
• Na'urorin lantarki : Za ka iya amfana da ƙaramin na'ura da aka dasa a ƙarƙashin fatar jikinka. Waɗannan na'urori na iya gano ko magance bugun zuciya mara tsari. Wasu mutane suna da na'urorin bugun zuciya . Waɗannan suna aika ƙananan motsin lantarki waɗanda ke sarrafa bugun zuciya. Wasu kuma suna amfana da na'urorin defibrillators da aka dasa (ICDs) . Waɗannan suna gano bugun zuciya mara tsari kuma suna aika kuzari zuwa zuciya don dawo da bugun zuciya na yau da kullun.
• Tiyata : Idan babu wani magani da zai iya sarrafa bugun zuciyarka, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar yin tiyata. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine hanyar tiyata . A cikin wannan aikin, likitan tiyata na zuciya yana ƙirƙirar ramuka a cikin kyallen zuciyarka don toshe siginar lantarki mara daidaituwa.

To, menene saƙon da muke son ɗauka gida daga wannan labarin?

Idan kwatsam ka ji zuciyarka tana bugawa da sauri lokacin da kake hutawa bayan aiki, za ka iya jin ɗan tsoro, ko ba haka ba? Ko kuma wataƙila ka lura cewa bugun zuciyar ɗaya daga cikin abokanka maza yana ƙasa da naka.

Ka tuna, abu ne na al'ada ga mata su sami bugun zuciya kaɗan fiye da maza. Wannan da alama yana da tasiri daga hormones.

Amma, idan bugun zuciyarka na hutawa ya wuce bugun 100 a minti ɗaya , ya kamata ka ga likita. Haka kuma, idan bugun zuciyarka yana ƙasa da bugun 60 a minti ɗaya, musamman idan ba ka da kuzari sosai a wasanni ko motsa jiki, ka gaya wa likitanka game da shi. Kula da zuciyarka yana da matuƙar muhimmanci!

` Hawan zuciya, lafiyar mata, zuciya, hormones, menopause, ciki, arrhythmia