Shin ka san ainihin yadda muke numfashi? Bari mu yi magana game da tsarin numfashinka a cikin sauƙi!

Shin kun taɓa yin mamakin yadda muke numfashi, yadda muke shan iskar oxygen da kuma yadda muke fitar da iskar carbon dioxide? Duk wannan yana faruwa ne saboda wani tsari mai ban mamaki a jikinmu. Wannan shine tsarin numfashi, ko kuma `(Tsarin Numfashi)`. Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a yau ta hanya mai sauƙi da za ku iya fahimta, ko?

To menene wannan tsarin numfashi?

A taƙaice dai, tsarin numfashinka tarin gaɓoɓi ne da sifofi a jikinka waɗanda ke taimaka maka numfashi. Wannan ya haɗa da huhunka, hancinka, baki, da sassan da ke haɗa su, waɗanda ake kira hanyoyin iska . Akwai kuma tsokoki da jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke taimaka wa tsarin numfashinka, kuma haƙarƙarinka, ko haƙarƙarinka , suna kare duk waɗannan. Duk waɗannan sassan suna aiki tare don ɗaukar iskar oxygen lokacin da kake shaƙa da kuma kawar da iskar carbon dioxide lokacin da kake shaƙa.

Menene manyan ayyukan tsarin numfashi?

Babban aikin tsarin numfashinka shine kawo iskar oxygen zuwa ƙwayoyin jikinka da kuma cire carbon dioxide , wani abu da ke ɓatar da shara. Kana yin hakan ta hanyar shaƙatawa a ciki da waje, da kuma musayar iskar gas tsakanin ƙananan jakar iska a cikin huhunka, wanda ake kira alveoli , da kuma jijiyoyin jini da ke ɗauke da su. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin numfashinka yana yin wasu muhimman abubuwa da dama:

• Iskar da kake shaƙa tana ɗumi kuma tana ƙara danshi. Tsarin numfashinka yana ɗumi iska don ta dace da zafin jikinka. Hakanan yana sanya ta laushi don kawo ta zuwa ga danshi da jikinka ke buƙata.
• Idan kana numfashi, kana kare jikinka daga abubuwa masu cutarwa da ke shigowa. Wasu sassan tsarin numfashi na iya hana ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da abubuwan da ke haifar da haushi shiga - ko kuma tura su waje idan sun shiga.
• Yana taimaka maka ka yi magana. Sauti yana samuwa ne lokacin da iska ke girgiza igiyoyin muryarka.
• Yana taimaka maka ka ji ƙamshi. Idan ka shaƙa iska, ƙwayoyin da ke cikinta suna ratsa ta cikin jijiyar ƙamshi, wanda daga nan zai aika saƙonni zuwa kwakwalwarka game da ƙamshin wani abu.
• Yana daidaita sinadarin acid a jikinka. Idan sinadarin carbon dioxide ya ƙaru, sinadarin pH na jininka yana raguwa, wanda hakan ke sa ya zama mai acid. Ta hanyar cire sinadarin carbon dioxide, tsarin numfashinka yana taimakawa wajen kula da daidaiton sinadarin acid a jikinka.

Menene sassan tsarin numfashi?

Babban sashin numfashinka shine huhunka . Amma akwai sassa daban-daban na tsarin numfashi da ke aiki tare don taimaka maka numfashi. Waɗannan sassa sune:

• Hanci da kuma ramin hanci
• Baki da ramin baki
• Kogo/sinus `(sinus)`
• Makogwaro (pharynx)
• Maƙogwaro
• Bututun iska (trachea)
• Babban hanyoyin iska `(bronchi)`
• Huhu
• Diaphragm

Menene wannan hanyar numfashi ta sama?

Hanyar numfashi ta sama ita ce ke taimakawa wajen kawo iska cikin jikinka da kuma aika ta zuwa huhunka. Haka kuma tana ƙara danshi ga iskar da kake shaƙa. Hanyar numfashinka tana farawa daga hancinka da bakinka, inda kake shaƙa iska. Sauran sassan hanyar numfashi ta sama sune ramin hancinka, sinuses, da maƙogwaro.

To menene sashin numfashi na ƙasa?

Tsarin numfashi na ƙasa ya haɗa da bututun iska (trachea), bututun iska (ventilation), da huhu. Bututun iska, manyan hanyoyin iska, da ƙananan hanyoyin iska (bronchioles) suna samar da bishiyar tracheobronchial . Wannan tsarin bututu, wanda yayi kama da bishiya mai juyewa, yana ɗaukar iska daga babban hanyar numfashi zuwa ƙananan jakar iska a cikin huhu, wanda ake kira alveoli.

Yaya tsarin numfashinka yake aiki? Abin mamaki ne!

Kwayoyin jikinka suna buƙatar iskar oxygen don samar da makamashi. Idan aka samar da wannan makamashi, ana fitar da iskar carbon dioxide a matsayin sharar gida. Idan wannan iskar carbon dioxide ta taru a jiki, yana da illa ga jiki. Don haka, babban aikin tsarin numfashi shine ɗaukar iskar oxygen zuwa huhu da kuma fitar da iskar carbon dioxide (musanya iskar gas) . Ana yin wannan aikin tare da tsarin jijiyoyin jini - wato, zuciyarka, jininka, da jijiyoyin jini.

Ka yi tunanin cewa duk lokacin da ka sha iska, iskar oxygen da ke cikin iska tana kama da miliyoyin fasinjojin jirgin sama. Waɗannan jiragen sama suna isa filin jirgin sama da ake kira huhunka. Lokacin da diaphragm ɗinka ya motsa ƙasa, sararin da ke cikin ƙirjinka yana ƙaruwa, kuma iska (tare da waɗannan ƙananan fasinjojin iskar oxygen) za ta shiga cikin huhunka. Wannan iskar tana shiga ta bakinka ko hancinka, tana tafiya ta hanyar trachea, bronchi, da bronchioles, kamar titin jirgin sama. Sannan waɗannan fasinjojin suna isa ƙofar filin jirgin sama, wato alveoli ɗinka.

A can, fasinjojin iskar oxygen suna ratsawa ta cikin siririn membranes da ke kewaye da huhu zuwa cikin ƙananan jijiyoyin jini da ake kira capillaries. Ka yi tunanin hakan kamar taksi tana ɗaukar fasinjojin iskar oxygen a filin jirgin sama. A ƙarshe, wannan taksi yana zuwa ga ƙwayoyin halittarka da kyallen jikinka, yana zubar da iskar oxygen don ba su kuzari.

Yaya za a kawar da carbon dioxide?

Idan ƙwayoyin halitta suka yi amfani da makamashi, suna yin carbon dioxide. Da zarar iskar oxygen ta fito daga kyallen jikinka, ƙwayoyin carbon dioxide suna shiga. Daga nan, suna tafiya ta cikin jininka zuwa cikin waɗannan makullan iska a cikin huhunka da ake kira alveoli. Lokacin da diaphragm ɗinka ya koma sama, ramin ƙirji zai ruguje, kuma ka tura iskar kamar yadda ta shigo, sai su tashi daga huhunka. Ka gani?

Shin akwai wani abu banda numfashi?

Haka ne, yayin da kake shaƙa iska da fitar da ita, tsarin numfashinka yana kare jikinka daga busasshiyar iska da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta masu iya cutarwa. Yayin da kake shaƙa iska, sinuses ɗinka suna taimakawa wajen daidaita yanayin zafi da danshi na iska.

Yayin da iska ke ratsa hancinka da kuma sauka a hanyoyin iskarka, kyawawan sifofi masu kama da gashi (cilia) suna kama ƙura, ƙwayoyin cuta, da sauran abubuwan da ke ɓata maka rai, suna hana su shiga hanyoyin iskarka da huhu. Idan irin waɗannan abubuwan da ke ɓata maka rai ko ƙwayoyin cuta suka shiga ciki, tsarin numfashinka yana kama su a cikin majina. Sannan, majina da ke cikin hanyoyin iskarka suna motsawa cikin raƙuman ruwa, suna tura wannan majina daga jikinka lokacin da kake tari ko atishawa.

Wadanne cututtuka ne za su iya shafar tsarin numfashinmu?

Akwai yanayi da yawa da zasu iya shafar gabobin jiki da kyallen da ke cikin tsarin numfashi. Wasu daga cikinsu suna faruwa ne sakamakon abubuwan da ke haifar da haushi da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuke shaƙa - ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da fungi waɗanda ke haifar da cututtuka. Wasu kuma na iya faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewa ko matsalolin kwayoyin halitta.

Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da ka iya shafar tsarin numfashi sune:

• Rashin lafiyar rhinitis: Rashin lafiyar abubuwa kamar pollen bishiya, ƙurar dabbobin gida, da ƙura na iya shafar hanyoyin iska da hanyoyin hanci.
• Cututtukan hanyoyin iska na yau da kullun: Waɗannan sun haɗa da cututtuka kamar asma, cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun (COPD), da kuma cystic fibrosis.
• Cututtukan numfashi na sama da na ƙasa: Cututtukan numfashi, kamar mura ko mura, sun zama ruwan dare.
• Kumburi: Cututtuka na iya sa manyan hanyoyin numfashinku su kumbura (bronchitis), huhunku su kumbura (pneumonia), sinuses ɗin kumbura (sinusitis), ko wasu sassan tsarin numfashinku su kumbura.
• Cutar Huhu ta Tsakiya (ILD): Fibrosis na huhu da sauran nau'ikan ILD na iya haifar da tabo na dindindin a cikin huhu.
• Toshewar Jijiyoyi: Wannan na iya zama wani abu na waje, ko wani abu mai laushi, ko kuma wani abu mai kama da ciwon daji.
• Rashin daidaiton tushen acid: Idan ka fitar da iskar carbon dioxide da yawa ko kuma ka yi kasa sosai, daidaiton tushen acid a cikin jininka yana canzawa, wanda ke haifar da alkalosis na numfashi da kuma acidosis na numfashi.
• Ƙarancin iskar oxygen ko yawan iskar carbon dioxide a cikin jini ko kyallen takarda: Ko da yake waɗannan na iya zama kamar matsalolin jini, yanayi kamar hypoxemia, hypoxia, da hypercapnia na iya zama alamun cewa akwai matsala a tsarin numfashi.

Mene ne alamun cutar numfashi?

Yanayin da ke shafar tsarin numfashi na iya haifar da alamu kamar:

• Wahala ko gajeriyar numfashi (Dyspnea)
• Tari mai bushewa ko majina
• Hanci mai zuba ko kuma hanci mai toshewa
• Ciwon ƙirji ko matsewa
• Murmushi sautin busawa ne lokacin numfashi.
• Canza launin shuɗi na fata, lebe, ko farce (Cyanosis)

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje likitoci ke amfani da su don gano cututtukan numfashi?

Likitoci suna amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin bincike iri-iri don duba lafiyar tsarin numfashinka. Dangane da alamun cutar, wasu daga cikinsu na iya haɗawa da:

• Gwajin bugun zuciya: Wannan gwaji ne mai sauƙi, gama gari. Yana auna matakin iskar oxygen a cikin jininka da ƙaramin na'ura da aka sanya a yatsanka.
• Gwaje-gwajen aikin huhu: Gwaje-gwajen da ke duba aikin huhu.
• X-ray na ƙirji
• Gwajin iskar gas na jini
• Wani lokaci ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje kamar CT scan ko bronchoscopy (gwaji da ke amfani da kyamara don duba cikin hanyoyin iska).

Waɗanne magunguna ne ake amfani da su wajen magance cututtukan numfashi?

Maganin da za a yi muku zai dogara ne akan irin cutar numfashi da kuke da ita da kuma irin tsananin da take da shi. Wasu daga cikin magungunan na iya haɗawa da:

• Corticosteroids ko bronchodilators da ake shaƙa: Idan kana da wata matsala da ke hana hanyoyin iska shiga, kamar asma ko COPD, kana iya buƙatar amfani da na'urar numfashi akai-akai.
• Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, maganin rigakafi, ko na rigakafi don kamuwa da cuta.
• Antihistamines ( don allergies)
• Masu gyaran leukotriene
• Gyaran huhu
• Tiyata don ciwon daji ko wasu cikas.
• A wasu mawuyacin hali , ana iya yin dashen huhu .

Me zan iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar tsarin numfashi na?

Yi waɗannan abubuwa domin kiyaye lafiyar tsarin numfashinka:

• A guji shan taba ko shan taba sigari. Shan taba na iya haifar ko kuma ta'azzara cututtukan huhu da na numfashi da yawa. Ruwan taba sigari galibi yana ɗauke da abubuwa masu cutarwa iri ɗaya da sigari.
• A guji gurɓatattun abubuwa da za su iya lalata hanyoyin iskar ku. Wannan ya haɗa da abubuwa kamar hayakin da aka yi amfani da shi, sinadarai, da radon (iskar rediyoaktif da ke iya haifar da cutar kansa). Idan aikinka ko abubuwan sha'awarka sun fallasa ka ga hayaki ko ƙura, to ka sanya abin rufe fuska.
• Sha ruwa mai yawa. Shan ruwa mai yawa yana taimakawa wajen rage majina a cikin huhu da kuma sauƙaƙa fitar da shi.
• Motsa jiki akai-akai.Motsa jiki yana ƙarfafa tsokoki na huhu, yana sa numfashi ya yi sauƙi.
• Hana kamuwa da cuta. Za ka iya hana kamuwa da rashin lafiya ta hanyar wanke hannu akai-akai da kuma yin allurar rigakafi kan cututtukan numfashi.

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?

Idan kana da tari mai ɗorewa ko mai tsanani, wahalar numfashi, ko wasu alamun cutar numfashi, tuntuɓi likitanka nan da nan. Haka kuma, a riƙa duba lafiyarka akai-akai. Gano matsalolin numfashi da wuri zai iya taimakawa wajen hana su yin muni.

Waɗanne muhimman abubuwa ne ya kamata mu tuna?

Ka numfasa... Ka numfasa... Numfashinka zai iya kwantar maka da hankali da kuma sa ka mai da hankali. Zai iya taimaka maka ka ji ƙamshi, ka ɗanɗana, da kuma rera waƙar da ka fi so. Mafi mahimmanci, tsarin numfashinka yana ɗaukar iskar oxygen don samar da makamashi ga ƙwayoyin jikinka kuma yana fitar da iskar carbon dioxide. Idan akwai matsala a tsarin numfashinka, za ka iya tari, ka yi numfashi, ko kuma ka kasa numfashi. Idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun damuwa, ka tabbata ka yi magana da likitanka. Za su iya taimaka maka ka yi numfashi cikin sauƙi.

` Tsarin numfashi, numfashi, huhu, iskar oxygen, iskar carbon dioxide, cututtukan numfashi, numfashi mai kyau