Ƙananan masu kare jikinmu: Duk game da fararen ƙwayoyin jini!

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin ko akwai ƙaramin runduna a cikin jikinmu, kamar ƙungiyar mutane waɗanda ke kare mu daga barazanar da ba a iya gani ba? Haka ne, gaskiya ne. Wannan runduna tana kare mu daga cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban da ke shiga jikinmu. A yau za mu yi magana game da waɗannan ƙananan, amma masu mahimmanci, masu tsaron jikinmu. Su fararen ƙwayoyin jini ne, wasu kuma suna kiransu fararen ƙwayoyin jini.

Menene Kwayoyin Jini Masu Fari?

A taƙaice dai, ƙwayoyin jini na fari, waɗanda likitoci suka fi sani da "Leukocytes", kamar manyan masu tsaron lafiyarmu ne. Kamar yadda akwai rundunar da za ta kare ƙasa, akwai wata runduna ta musamman da za ta kare wannan ƙasa mai ban mamaki da ake kira jikinmu. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin fari babban ɓangare ne na wannan ƙarfin. Su muhimmin ɓangare ne kuma ba makawa na tsarin garkuwar jikinmu. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna tafiya ta cikin jijiyoyin jininmu da kyallen jikinmu, kamar suna sintiri. Waɗannan mutanen koyaushe suna kan neman duk wani rauni, kamuwa da cuta, ko wani abu mai cutarwa ga jiki.

Me ke faruwa da jikinmu da waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin farin?

Babban aikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin fari shine kare jikinmu daga kamuwa da cuta . Ka yi tunanin cewa ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayar cuta sun shiga jikinka. Kamar maƙiyi ne ya mamaye ƙasarka. To, waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin fari suna aiki kamar sojoji a cikin rundunar sojoji.

Da farko, wasu fararen ƙwayoyin jini suna gano mai mamaye. Sannan, kamar kwamandoji, suna aika saƙo ga sauran fararen ƙwayoyin jini, suna cewa, "Akwai matsala a nan, ku zo da sauri!" Sannan, duk rundunar fararen ƙwayoyin jini sun taru a wurin da cutar ta faru. Suna zuwa suna yaƙi don halaka mai mamaye. A cikin wannan yaƙin, suna samar da wani nau'in furotin na musamman, wanda ake kira "Antibody". Wannan "Antibody" ya tafi ya manne wa mai mamaye, yana gurgunta shi ya kuma lalata shi. Shin ba wata hanya ce mai ban mamaki ba?

Ina ƙwayoyin jinin fari suke?

Ana samun fararen ƙwayoyin jini galibi a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini , wato, a cikin jini. Duk da haka, ba wai kawai suna cikin jijiyoyin jini ba ne. Idan ya zama dole, suna iya shiga bangon jijiyoyin jini su shiga kyallen jiki. Kamar masu bincike, suna samun kamuwa da cuta a wani wuri kuma suna zuwa can don yin aikinsu.

Yaya ƙwayoyin jinin fari suke kama?

Duk da cewa ana kiransu ƙwayoyin jini "fari", a zahiri ƙwayoyin halitta ne marasa launi. Duk da haka, idan aka duba su a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa, suna bayyana launin shuɗi-ruwan hoda mai haske idan aka yi musu fenti da fenti na musamman. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ne waɗanda galibi suna zagaye a siffarsu kuma suna da membrane na tsakiya mai haske, ko tsakiya, a tsakiya.

Yaya girman waɗannan yake?

Fararen ƙwayoyin jini ƙananan abubuwa ne da ba za a iya gani da ido ba . Ana iya ganin su da na'urar hangen nesa kawai. Suna da ƙanana sosai.

Kwayoyin jininmu nawa ne muke da su a jikinmu?

Kwayoyin jinin fari sun kai kusan kashi 1% na jimillar jininmu.. Kwayoyin jinin ja sune suka fi yawa a cikin jininmu. Amma ko da wannan kashi 1% ne, hidimar da suke bayarwa ga lafiyarmu ba ta da wani amfani. Za ku yi mamakin jin cewa jikinmu yana samar da kimanin ƙwayoyin jinin fari biliyan 100 a rana!

Ta yaya ake samar da ƙwayoyin jinin fari?

Ana yin fararen ƙwayoyin jini a cikin nama mai laushi a cikin ƙasusuwanmu, wanda ake kira ƙashin ƙugu . Shin ba wuri ne mai ban mamaki ba? Wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta na musamman a cikin wannan ƙashin ƙugu, wanda muke kira ƙwayoyin halitta na tushe, shine abin da ke fuskantar canje-canje daban-daban kuma yana zama waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin fari.

Haka kuma, nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini guda biyu masu farin jini, waɗanda ake kira lymphocytes, suna tasowa a cikin glandar thymus a cikin babban ƙirji. Wasu nau'ikan lymphocytes, kamar ƙwayoyin T, suna tasowa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph da spleen.

Wadanne nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jinin fari ne suke akwai?

Kamar yadda ake samun nau'ikan sojoji daban-daban a cikin jami'an tsaronmu, haka nan aka raba ƙwayoyin jinin fararen zuwa manyan nau'i biyar. Kowanne nau'i yana da takamaiman aiki.

Ka yi tunanin, wannan kamar rundunar sojoji ce mai runduna ta ƙasa, manyan bindigogi, da kuma rundunonin sojoji na musamman. Kowa yana aiki tare don cin nasara a yaƙin.

Ga waɗannan nau'ikan:

• Neutrophils: Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen kashe mahara kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi waɗanda ke shiga jikinmu, sannan kuma suna cire sharar gida daga duniyar waje. Kamar sojoji a layin gaba.
• Lymphocytes: Wannan rukunin ya haɗa da ƙwayoyin T, ƙwayoyin B, da ƙwayoyin halitta masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta. Su ne waɗanda galibi ke kare mu daga kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna samar da sunadaran da ake kira antibodies da aka ambata a baya.
• Eosinophils: Waɗannan suna taimakawa wajen gano da kuma lalata ƙwayoyin cuta (misali tsutsotsi), suna lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, kuma suna aiki tare da Basophils idan akwai rashin lafiyan jiki.
• Basophils: Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke haifar da halayen kamar tari, atishawa, da kuma zubar hanci idan kana da rashin lafiyan. A zahiri shine tsarin kariya na jiki.
• Monocytes: Waɗannan kamar ma'aikatan tsaftacewa ne. Idan kamuwa da cuta ya faru, suna taimakawa wajen tsaftace wurin ta hanyar cire ƙwayoyin halitta da suka lalace da kuma matattu.

Wadanne matsaloli ne ake fuskanta da ke tattare da farin ƙwayoyin jini?

Wani lokaci yawan ƙwayoyin jininmu na fari na iya zama ƙasa ko babba. Dukansu na iya zama matsala.

• Idan adadin farin jininka ya ragu (Leukopenia): Idan adadin farin jininka ya ragu, wanda ake kira "Leukopenia," za ka fi kamuwa da cututtuka akai-akai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsaron jikinka ya yi rauni.
• Idan adadin farin jininka ya ƙaru (leukocytosis):Haka kuma, ƙaruwar yawan ƙwayoyin jinin fararen fata, wanda aka sani da "Leukocytosis," ba shi da kyau. Yana nufin cewa akwai yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta a wani wuri a jiki, ko kuma wata cuta kamar cutar sankarar jini, cutar sankarar jini, ko kuma wata matsala da tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Mene ne alamun wannan yanayin?

Ko da yawan ƙwayoyin jininka na fari ya yi ƙasa ko ya yi yawa, za ka iya fuskantar wasu alamu na yau da kullun. Amma ka tuna, samun waɗannan alamun ba lallai ba ne yana nufin kana da matsala mai tsanani. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine ganin likita a duba ka.

• Zazzabi akai-akai, ciwon jiki, da kuma jin sanyi.
• Idan rauni ya faru, sai ya yi ja, ya kumbura, ya yi ta zuba ƙura, ko kuma bai warke da sauri ba.
• Cututtuka masu yawan faruwa (misali, kamuwa da makogwaro, kamuwa da fata).
• Tari mai ɗorewa ko wahalar numfashi.

Menene yawan ƙwayoyin jinin fari na yau da kullun?

Yawanci, jikin mutum mai lafiya yana samar da kimanin ƙwayoyin jini biliyan 100 a kowace rana. Lokacin da muke yin gwajin jini, muna auna adadin ƙwayoyin jinin farin jini a kowace ƙaramin lita na jini. Ga babba mai lafiya, wannan adadin ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin ƙwayoyin halitta 4,000 zuwa 11,000 a kowace ƙaramin lita . Wannan na iya bambanta kaɗan dangane da abubuwa kamar shekaru da jinsi.

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi don duba yawan ƙwayoyin jinin fari?

Akwai manyan gwaje-gwaje guda biyu.

1. Cikakken Kididdigar Jini (CBC): Wannan ita ce gwajin da aka fi yi. Yana iya bayar da bayanai da yawa game da fararen ƙwayoyin jini, har ma da sauran ƙwayoyin jini a cikin jini, kamar su jajayen ƙwayoyin jini da platelets, daga samfurin jinin ku.

2. Duba ƙwayoyin jinin fari: Wannan gwaji ne na musamman. Ana yin sa ne don gano kamuwa da cuta ko ƙuraje a ɓoye a wani wuri a cikin kyallen jiki masu laushi. Abin da ake yi a nan shi ne, a ɗauki ƙaramin jini daga gare ku, a raba ƙwayoyin jinin fari daga gare shi, sannan a ƙara wani abu mai guba a cikinsu. Sannan, waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin fari za a mayar da su cikin jikin ku. Sannan, idan kun kalle shi da kyamara ta musamman, sinadarin mai guba zai sa kamuwa da cutar ta bayyana a fili.

Mene ne ke haifar da ƙarancin ƙwayoyin jinin fari?

Muna kiran adadin ƙwayoyin jinin fari ƙasa da 4,000 "Leukopenia". Wannan na iya faruwa ne saboda dalilai da dama.

• Rashin aikin ƙashi (misali, yanayi kamar aplastic anemia).
• Kwayoyin cutar kansa suna mamaye bargo (misali cutar sankarar bargo).
• Wasu magunguna, musamman chemotherapy don ciwon daji.
• Rashin wasu bitamin, kamar bitamin B12.
• Cututtukan da ke rage garkuwar jiki, kamar HIV/AIDS.

Mene ne ke haifar da ƙaruwar ƙwayoyin jinin fari?

Ana kiran farin ƙwayoyin jinin da suka wuce 11,000 da "Leukocytosis". Wannan na iya haifar da dalilai da dama.

• Cututtukan autoimmune (misali, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis).
• Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (misali `(Mononucleosis)`).
• Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (misali, cututtuka masu tsanani kamar sepsis).
• Raunin jiki ko matsanancin damuwa ta hankali.
• Ciwon daji kamar cutar sankarar jini ko cutar Hodgkin.
• Rashin lafiyan jiki.

Menene maganin cututtukan ƙwayoyin jinin fari?

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara ne akan nau'in yanayin da kuma yadda yake da tsanani. Wasu jiyya sun haɗa da:

• Ƙara bitamin (idan akwai rashin bitamin).
• Ba da maganin rigakafi (idan kamuwa da cuta ce ta ƙwayoyin cuta).
• Tiyata don dashen ƙashi ko gyara ƙashi (a wasu lokuta masu tsanani).
• Karin jini.
• Dashen ƙwayoyin halitta.

Ta yaya zan iya kiyaye lafiyar ƙwayoyin jinin fararen jinina?

Akwai abubuwa da dama da za mu iya yi don kula da waɗannan ƙananan masu gadi a jikinmu sosai.

• Yin ayyukan tsafta: Abubuwa kamar wanke hannu akai-akai da cin abinci mai tsafta na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
• Shan bitamin da ke ƙarfafa garkuwar jiki: Ku ci abinci mai kyau, kuma ku sha ƙarin bitamin kamar yadda likita ya umarta idan ya zama dole.
• Samun magani mai kyau ga wasu cututtukan lafiya: Wasu cututtuka na iya shafar ƙwayoyin jinin fararen fata a matsayin sakamako mai illa. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a sami magani mai kyau ga cututtukan da ke haifar da su.

A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna

Fararen ƙwayoyin jini kamar layin farko na kariya a jikinmu. Ko da rauni ne ko rashin lafiya, waɗannan su ne farkon waɗanda za su yi faɗa. Saboda haka, alhakinmu ne mu kiyaye waɗannan ƙwayoyin lafiya. Za ku iya kiyaye garkuwar jikinku ta hanyar kiyaye tsafta, cin abinci mai kyau, da kuma shan bitamin idan ya cancanta.

Idan kana yawan zazzabi, sanyi, kamuwa da cuta akai-akai, tari mai ɗorewa, ko wahalar numfashi, tabbatar da ganin likita don duba yawan ƙwayoyin jininka. Wannan zai iya taimaka maka gano yanayin kafin ya zama babbar matsala. Kada ka damu, akwai magunguna masu kyau ga duk waɗannan!

' Fararen ƙwayoyin jini, leukocytes, garkuwar jiki, kamuwa da cuta, gwaje-gwajen jini, lafiya, lafiyar jiki