Shin da gaske ka san game da waɗannan ƙananan 'pons' a cikin kwakwalwarka? Bari mu yi magana a kai!

Duk muna magana ne game da manyan gabobi a jikinmu, ko ba haka ba? Kamar zuciya, huhu, da koda. Amma kun taɓa tunanin yadda ƙananan sassan da ke cikin kwakwalwarmu suke da muhimmanci? To, akwai wani ƙaramin ɓangare mai mahimmanci na kwakwalwarmu da ake kira 'pons'. A taƙaice dai, kamar wani yana zaune a cikin kawunanmu yana yin ayyuka masu kyau a hankali.

To, menene wannan 'Pons'?

A taƙaice dai, ƙusoshin jikinka su ne ɓangaren da ke tsakanin na biyu zuwa ƙasan kwakwalwarka . A taƙaice dai, yana saman ƙusoshin jikinka na medulla oblongata. Ka yi tunanin kamar gada tsakanin ƙwarƙwara da ke sama, ƙusoshin jikin da ke ƙasa, da kuma ƙashin baya. Ƙososhin jikin suna da babban mahadar jijiyoyin kwakwalwarmu da dama. Ƙososhin jijiyoyin kwakwalwa suna da hanyar sadarwa ta jijiyoyi da ke haɗuwa kai tsaye da kwakwalwa. Don haka, waɗannan haɗin jijiyoyi suna da matuƙar muhimmanci. Suna taimakawa wajen jin wasu abubuwan da ke cikin kanka, da kuma motsa sassa daban-daban na fuskarka da bakinka.

Menene ainihin aikin Pons? Menene manyan ayyukansa?

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, 'Pons' wani ɓangare ne na tushen kwakwalwa wanda ke haɗa kwakwalwarka da kashin baya. Saboda haka, 'Pons' muhimmin abu ne a cikin tsarin jijiyoyinka . Shi ne wanda ke samar da hanyar sigina zuwa da kuma daga kwakwalwa. Musamman ma, 'Pons' ya ƙunshi 'neurotransmitters' da yawa waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen ayyukan kwakwalwa kamar barci.

Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukan Pons:

• Yana sarrafa barcinka da farkawarka: Ka yi tunani a kai, pons ɗin suna da babban tasiri kan yadda kake jin wartsakewa idan ka tashi da safe, da kuma yadda kake yin barci da daddare. Hakanan shine ɓangaren da ke daidaita matakin farkawar jikinka idan ka tashi.
• Yana sarrafa siginar ciwo: Pons ɗin yana da alhakin isar da siginar ciwo daga ko'ina a jikinka a ƙarƙashin wuyanka zuwa kwakwalwarka da kuma daidaita waɗannan siginar. Wannan yana nufin yana taimakawa wajen tantance irin ciwon da kake ji.
• Yana aiki tare da sauran sassan kwakwalwa: Pons babbar hanyar haɗi ce zuwa wani muhimmin ɓangare na kwakwalwa da ake kira cerebellum , wanda ke sarrafa daidaiton jikinka da motsi. Hakanan yana aiki tare da sauran sassan kwakwalwarka, wanda ke sarrafa numfashinka .

Ka yi tunanin kamar jami'in 'yan sandan zirga-zirga. Shi ne wandaYana aika sakonni a cikin kwakwalwa , yana hanzarta wasu daga cikinsu, kuma yana sarrafa wasu daga cikinsu.

Yaya alaƙar ta ke da jijiyar kwanya?

Pons yana da mahadar hanyoyi masu mahimmanci ga jijiyoyi huɗu daga cikin jijiyoyin kwanyarku goma sha biyu. Waɗannan jijiyoyi na kwanyar (za mu ƙidaya su da lambobin Romawa) suna haɗuwa da Pons:

• Jijiyoyin Trigeminal (Cranial Nerve V): Wannan jijiya ita ce abin da ke ba wa fuskarka damar jin taɓawa da ciwo. Haka kuma tana sarrafa tsokoki da kake amfani da su wajen tauna abinci. Misali, idan wani ya taɓa kuncinka, ka ji shi, ko kuma idan kana da ciwon hakori, to wannan jijiya ce ta dalilin wannan jijiya.
• Jijiyoyin Abducens (CN VI): Wannan jijiya ce da ke sarrafa ɗaya daga cikin tsokoki da ke motsa idanu. Idan wannan jijiya ta lalace, za ka iya ganin abubuwa biyu daban-daban, waɗanda muke kira 'diplopia'.
• Jijiyoyin fuska (CN VII): Wannan jijiya tana sarrafa mafi yawan yanayin fuskarka. Wannan jijiya ce ke aiki lokacin da kake murmushi da fuska. Haka kuma jijiya ce ke taimaka maka ka ɗanɗana a gaban harshenka.
• Jijiyoyin Vestibulocchochlear (CN VIII): Wannan jijiya ta rabu zuwa sassa biyu: jijiyar vestibular da kuma jijiyar cochlear.
• Jijiyoyin vestibular sune ke ba ka jin daidaito. Yana taimaka maka ka tsaya a tsaye lokacin da kake tafiya ko gudu.
• Jijiyoyin cochlear sune ke ba ka jin daɗin ji . Saboda wannan jijiya ce za ka iya jin waƙa ko wani yana magana.

Ta yaya pons ke taimaka wa sauran gabobi?

Pons ɗin yana taimaka wa sauran gabobi ta hanyar ɗaukar bayanan ji zuwa kwakwalwa, kuma yana kuma sarrafa wasu daga cikin ayyukan jikinka a cikin rashin sani kai tsaye. Misali, yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa zagayowar barci da numfashinka. Ikonka na jin zafi kuma pons ɗin yana sarrafa shi. Wannan jin zafi yana ba ka damar amsawa don gujewa ko iyakance haɗari.

Ina wannan 'Pons' yake?

Pons yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙasƙanci a cikin kwakwalwarka, kusa da gindin kwanyarka. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, yana kan Medulla Oblongata. Daga nan Medulla Oblongata ya haɗu da Ƙarfin Kashin Baya ta hanyar rami a gindin kwanyarka.

Yaya kamannin 'pons' ɗin yake? Yaya girmansa?

'Pons' yawanci launinsu launin ruwan kasa ne mai haske ko fari. Dangane da siffarsu, suna kama da saman ciyayin furen kabeji. Dangane da girmansu:

• Tsawo: Kimanin inci 1.06 (millimita 27).
• Faɗi: Kimanin inci 1.49 (millimita 38).
• Zurfi (kauri): Kimanin inci 0.98 (millimita 25).

Ka duba yadda yake ƙanƙanta! Amma aikin da yake yi yana da girma.

Menene asalin 'Pons'?

Kamar kowane ɓangare na kwakwalwarka da tsarin jijiyoyi, pons ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta da tsarin jijiyoyi daban-daban. Yana da sassa da ake kira nuclei ( jam'i don nucleus). Nuclei ƙungiyoyi ne na ƙwayoyin jijiya ko kwakwalwa waɗanda ke yin aiki iri ɗaya ko kuma suna haɗuwa da yankuna iri ɗaya. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta sun ƙunshi manyan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta guda biyu:

• Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi : Waɗannan su ne ƙwayoyin da suka samar da kwakwalwarka da jijiyoyi, suna watsawa da kuma jagorantar sigina. Suna iya canza sigina zuwa nau'ikan sinadarai ko na lantarki.
• Kwayoyin Glial: Waɗannan su ne ƙwayoyin tallafi na tsarin jijiyoyi. Duk da cewa ba sa aika sakonnin jijiyoyi, suna taimaka wa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi da ke yin hakan.

Bari mu yi ɗan bayani game da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi (Neurons)

Neurons su ne ƙwayoyin da ke aika da karɓar siginar lantarki da sinadarai a cikin tsarin jijiyoyinka. Neuron yana da waɗannan sassa:

• Jikin Kwayar Halitta: Wannan shine babban ɓangaren ƙwayar halitta.
• Axon: Wannan shine dogon sashi mai kama da hannu wanda ya fito daga jikin tantanin halitta. A ƙarshen axon akwai wasu ƙarin siffofi kamar yatsu, inda siginar lantarki daga neuron ke canzawa zuwa siginar sinadarai. Waɗannan ƙarin siffofi, waɗanda ake kira synapses, na iya aika sigina zuwa wasu ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi da ke kusa. Ka yi tunanin axon a matsayin waya ta lantarki, kuma synapse ɗin yana kama da toshewar da ke ƙarshen wayar.
• Dendrites: Waɗannan su ne ƙananan tsarin jikin tantanin halitta (sunan ya fito ne daga kalmar Latin da ke nufin "kamar itace"). Waɗannan dendrites sune inda ake karɓar siginar sinadarai daga synapses na sauran ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na kusa.
• Myelin :Wannan wani siriri ne mai kitse wanda ke kewaye da axon na wani neuron. Kamar murfin filastik da ke kewaye da wayar lantarki, yana kare axon kuma yana taimakawa sigina su yi tafiya da sauri.

Haɗin jijiyoyi yana da matuƙar rikitarwa. Dendrites na jijiyoyi ɗaya na iya haɗawa da dubban wasu synapses. Wasu jijiyoyi suna da tsayi, wasu kuma gajeru ne. Wannan ya danganta da inda suke a jiki da kuma aikin da suke yi.

Menene ƙwayoyin glial?

Kwayoyin Glial (wanda ake kira glial-al) suna da ayyuka daban-daban. Suna taimaka wa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi su girma da haɓaka lokacin da kake ƙarami, kuma suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa yadda ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi ke aiki a duk tsawon rayuwarka. Suna kuma kare tsarin jijiyoyi daga kamuwa da cuta, suna daidaita daidaiton sinadarai na tsarin jijiyoyi, kuma suna yin murfin myelin da ke kewaye da axons ɗinka. Abin mamaki, akwai ƙwayoyin glial da yawa fiye da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi a cikin tsarin jijiyoyinka sau goma! Suna kama da ma'aikatan rami waɗanda ke kula da motocin tsere (neurons).

Waɗanne irin yanayi ne suka fi shafar Pons?

Yanayi da yawa da ke shafar kwakwalwarka suma na iya shafar pons. Wasu yanayi musamman suna shafar pons. Ga wasu misalai (a cikin jerin haruffa):

• Ciwon kwakwalwa (gami da ciwon daji)
• Ciwon myelinolysis na tsakiya (lalacewar murfin myelin a cikin pons)
• Raunin kai, musamman maƙarƙashiya (Raunuka da sauran raunukan kwakwalwa)
• Matsalolin haihuwa, gami da matsalolin kwayoyin halitta
• Gubar ƙarfe mai nauyi ko wasu guba
• Yanayin garkuwar jiki da kumburi (misali, sclerosis mai yawa)
• Cututtuka (waɗannan na iya faruwa ne sakamakon ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da fungi)
• Ciwon da aka kulle (wanda dukkan jiki ke gurgunta sai dai idan an motsa ido) wanda ya faru sakamakon rauni ko bugun jini
• 'Rashin daidaituwar tsarin da yawa' `(Rashin daidaituwar tsarin da yawa)`
• Olivopontocerebellar atrophy
• 'Bugun jini'

Wadanne alamomi ne wannan 'Pons' ke nuna idan akwai matsala?

Alamomin wata cuta da ke shafar pons sun bambanta sosai dangane da ɓangaren pons ɗin da ya lalace. Lalacewar sassa daban-daban na pons ɗin na iya shafar jikinka ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Ga wasu alamu da aka saba gani:

• Ataxia (rashin iya daidaita motsin jiki, girgiza kamar mashayi)
• Kurumta
• Ganin ido biyu (Diplopia)
• Rashin jin taɓawa (gami da ikon jin girgiza, zafin jiki, ko zafi)
• Nystagmus (motsi mai sauri da rashin tsari na idanu)
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Shanyewar jiki (Wannan na iya shafar sassan kai, fuska, ko wasu sassan jiki. Idan gashin ya lalace sosai, dukkan jiki na iya gurgunta sai dai idan an motsa ido, kamar yadda ake kira ciwon da ke toshewa)
• Vertigo (matsanancin jiri, jin kamar abubuwa suna juyawa a kusa da kai)
• Tinnitus (jin sautuka daban-daban a cikin kunnuwa, misali ƙara...)

Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi don duba lafiyar 'Pons'?

Lokacin da ake gano cututtukan da suka shafi pons, likitoci na iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Gwaje-gwajen jini (Waɗannan na iya gano komai, tun daga matsalolin garkuwar jiki zuwa guba da ƙarfe (kamar jan ƙarfe, mercury, gubar))
• 'CT scan' `(Na'urar daukar hoton kwamfuta (CT scan))`
• 'Electroencephalogram (EEG)'
• Electromyogram (gwajin sarrafa jijiyoyi)
• Ƙwarewar da aka haifar (gwajin azanci)
• Gwajin Halittar Halitta
• 'M.R.I. Scan' `(Hoton maganadisu (MRI))`
• 'P.E.T. Scan' `(Hoton daukar hoton iskar Positron (PET))`

Menene maganin cututtukan da suka shafi Pons?

Maganin matsalolin da ke shafar pons ya bambanta sosai. Wasu yanayi ana iya magance su da magani. Wasu kuma na iya buƙatar ƙarin magani, kamar tiyata. Wasu yanayi ba za a iya warkar da su ba, ko ma a yi musu magani. A irin waɗannan yanayi, babban maganin shine a shawo kan alamun. Babu magani ɗaya tilo da ke aiki ga kowace cuta da ke shafar pons.

Ta yaya muke kula da Pons?

Ana iya hana wasu yanayi da ke shafar pons, amma wasu ba a yi tsammaninsu ba. A mafi yawan lokuta, za ku iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da wasu yanayi ko matsaloli. Mafi kyawun matakan kariya da za ku iya ɗauka sune:

• Cin abinci mai kyau: Yawan bitamin ko ƙarancinsa na iya shafar kwakwalwarka da tsarin jijiyoyi. Kula da abincinka na iya taimakawa wajen lafiyar tsarin jijiyoyinka, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar kwakwalwarka.
• Ka kasance mai motsa jiki kuma ka kula da lafiyayyen nauyi: Nauyinka da matakin aikinka na iya hana ko jinkirta farawar yanayi da ke shafar kwakwalwa, musamman matsalolin zuciya da tsarin jijiyoyin jini kamar bugun jini.
• Yi amfani da kayan aikin tsaro:Raunin kai, musamman ma bugun zuciya da raunin kwakwalwa, na iya lalata kwakwalwarka. Wani lokaci lalacewar na iya zama na dindindin. Sanya kayan kariya kamar kwalkwali, ko kuna aiki ko kuna wasa, na iya taimakawa wajen hana raunin kai.
• A yi hankali da cututtuka masu tsanani: Cututtuka da yawa da ke shafar kwakwalwa suna ƙara muni akan lokaci, musamman hawan jini mara tsari. Maganin waɗannan cututtuka na iya dakatarwa ko rage ci gaban su a wasu lokutan. Wannan zai iya taimaka maka ka guji mummunan lalacewar kwakwalwa.

A ƙarshe, saƙon da muke son ɗauka gida daga wannan labarin shine

Kwanyarka ƙarama ce amma mai ƙarfi sosai a cikin kwakwalwarka. Wani ɓangare ne na kwakwalwa wanda ba ma tunani a kai ko kuma ba mu mai da hankali sosai a kai a mafi yawan lokuta, amma yana da mahimmanci ga yadda kake rayuwa da kuma yadda kake koyo game da duniyar da ke kewaye da kai. Yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa abubuwa da yawa, gami da numfashinka, daidaitonka, da kuma jinka.

Saboda haka, kare lafiyar kwakwalwarka daga raunuka da cututtuka masu yuwuwa a iya hana su wani muhimmin bangare ne na rayuwarka. Ko da yake ƙanana ne, 'pons' yana yi maka aiki mai kyau!

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Pons, kwakwalwa, tsarin jijiyoyi, barci, zafi, jijiyoyin kwakwalwa, tushen kwakwalwa