Shin jijiyoyin jini a wuyanka sun toshe? Bari mu koyi game da tiyatar TCAR (Transcarotid Artery Revascularization)

Shin likitanka ya gaya maka cewa babban jijiyoyin jini a wuyanka ya toshe kuma kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da bugun jini? Abu ne na al'ada ga kowa ya ɗan ji tsoro idan ya ji irin wannan abu. "Shin dole ne a yi min tiyata? Shin babban abu ne?" Wataƙila tambayoyi da yawa suna zuwa a zuciya. Amma kada ka damu, saboda kimiyyar likitanci ta ci gaba, yanzu akwai magunguna masu aminci, masu sauƙi da tasiri ga irin waɗannan yanayi. A yau za mu yi magana game da ɗaya daga cikin sabbin magunguna kuma mafi nasara, TCAR.

A taƙaice dai, menene TCAR?

Cikakken sunan TCAR shine Transcarotid Artery Revascularization . To, wannan sunan yana kama da ɗan rikitarwa, ko ba haka ba? Bari mu sauƙaƙa shi.

Akwai manyan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu a kowane gefen wuyanmu waɗanda ke ɗauke da jini zuwa kwakwalwa. Muna kiran waɗannan jijiyoyin carotid . Waɗannan kamar manyan bututu biyu ne da ke kawo ruwa gidanmu. Bayan lokaci, abubuwa kamar kitse da cholesterol daga abincin da muke ci suna taruwa a cikin waɗannan jijiyoyin jini, kamar tsatsa da ke taruwa a cikin bututun ruwa. Ana kiran wannan 'plaque' a fannin likitanci.

Yayin da wannan 'plaque' ɗin yake ƙara girma a hankali, sararin da ke cikin jijiyoyin jini yana raguwa, kuma kwararar jini yana toshewa. Abu mafi haɗari shine idan ƙaramin yanki na wannan 'plaque' ɗin ya karye ya tafi kwakwalwa tare da jinin, zai iya toshe jijiyoyin jini a cikin kwakwalwa ya haifar da bugun jini .

Don haka, sake buɗe wannan toshewar jijiyoyin jini da kuma dawo da kwararar jini shine abin da muke kira 'revascularization.' Akwai manyan hanyoyi da dama na yin hakan.

1. Gyaran Jijiyoyin Carotid (CEA): Wannan tiyata ce ta gargajiya da ake yi a bude. A cikin wannan, ana yin ƙaramin yankewa a wuya, ana buɗe jijiyoyin jini, ana cire layin 'plaque' a ciki, sannan a sake dinka jijiyoyin jini tare.

2. Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting (CAS): Ana wuce wani bututu mai siriri ta cikin jijiyar jini a cikin kugu ko hannu sannan a kai shi zuwa ga toshewar jijiyar jini a wuya. Sannan a faɗaɗa yankin da aka toshe da wani abu kamar balan-balan, sannan a saka 'stent' , ƙaramin bututun raga, don hana shi sake rufewa.

3. TCAR (Transcarotid Artery Revascularization): TCAR hanya ce mafi aminci kuma mafi zamani wadda ta haɗu da mafi kyawun hanyoyin biyu. Ya ƙunshi yin ƙaramin yankewa a saman ƙashin wuya a wuya da kuma saka stent kai tsaye a cikin jijiyoyin jini da aka toshe.

Wanene wannan tiyatar TCAR ta fi dacewa da shi?

An fara gabatar da hanyar TCAR a shekarar 2015 ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin yin tiyatar gargajiya ta buɗe (CEA). Wato:

• Ga tsofaffi .
• Ga waɗanda ke fama da cututtukan zuciya ko huhu .
• Ga waɗanda suka sami tabo daga tiyatar wuya ko maganin radiation da aka yi a baya.
• Idan jijiyoyin jini suka toshe a wurin da tiyata ke da wahalar yi, kamar a ƙarƙashin ƙashin muƙamuƙi.

Amma yanzu wannan hanyar ta yi nasara sosai har tun daga shekarar 2022, an ba da shawarar yin maganin TCAR har ma ga marasa lafiya da ke cikin koshin lafiya, wato waɗanda ba su da wasu abubuwan haɗari na musamman. Zuwa yanzu, an yi tiyatar TCAR sama da 20,000 a Amurka kaɗai.

Yaya kake shiri kafin a yi maka tiyata?

Idan likitanka ya yanke shawarar yin tiyatar TCAR a kanka, zai buƙaci ya yi gwaje-gwaje da dama kafin lokacin.

• Gwajin jini: Gano game da lafiyar jikinka gaba ɗaya da kuma ikon yin aiki da jini.
• Duban duban jijiyoyin carotid: Duba yawan jijiyoyin jini da aka toshe.
• CT Angiogram: Sami hoto mai haske, mai girma uku na jijiyoyin jini a cikin wuya da kwakwalwa.

Haka kuma, likita zai fara shan magunguna da dama domin shirya maka tiyatar.

• Magungunan Statin waɗanda ke rage cholesterol.
• Magunguna kamar aspirin da clopidogrel waɗanda ke hana zubar jini.

Za a shawarce ka kada ka ci ko ka sha komai bayan tsakar dare a daren da ya gabata kafin a yi tiyatar.

Yadda ake yin tiyatar: mataki-mataki

Wannan tiyatar za ta ɗauki kimanin awa ɗaya da rabi. Bari mu ɗan yi ɗan nazari kan abin da ke faruwa a ɗakin tiyatar.

1. Maganin sa barci: Domin hana ka jin wani ciwo, za a yi maka rauni a wuya (sa barcin gida) ko kuma a yi maka sa barci gaba ɗaya (sa barcin gaba ɗaya) .

2. Ƙaramin yankewa: Ana yin ƙaramin yankewa a wuya, kusa da ƙashin wuya, kimanin inci 1-1.5.

3. Juyawan Gudawa: Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci kuma mafi aminci a cikin tsarin TCAR.

• Ana saka siririn bututu a cikin jijiyar da ke cikin maƙogwaro (jini na femoral).
• Ana saka wani bututu a cikin jijiyar carotid da ta toshe ta hanyar yanke wuya.
• Yanzu, waɗannan bututun guda biyu an haɗa su da wata na'ura mai matattara ta musamman. Bayan haka, za a dakatar da kwararar jini zuwa kwakwalwa na ɗan lokaci, kuma jinin da ke fitowa daga jijiyar wuya yana zuwa ta wannan bututun, sai matatar ta tsaftace shi, sannan ta koma jiki ta cikin bututun da ke cikin maƙogwaro.
• A wannan lokacin, jinin da kwakwalwarka ke buƙata yana fitowa ne daga jijiyar carotid da ke ɗayan gefen wuyanka da kuma jijiyar ƙashin baya da ke bayan kwakwalwarka.Ana samunsa ba tare da wata matsala ba.

4. Buɗe toshewar: Ana amfani da siririn waya don wuce toshewar da kuma faɗaɗa yankin da ƙaramin balan-balan.

5. Sanya stent: Na gaba, za a saka ƙaramin bututun ƙarfe, wanda ake kira stent , a cikin toshewar. Wannan yana sa jijiyar jini ta buɗe kuma yana riƙe da plaque a bango.

6. Ƙarshe: Sannan a cire dukkan bututun, sannan a dinka ƙaramin rami a cikin jijiyoyin jini da kuma yankewar wuya.

Me ke faruwa bayan tiyatar?

Bayan tiyatar TCAR, za ku buƙaci ku zauna a asibiti na tsawon dare ɗaya . Likitoci da ma'aikatan jinya za su riƙa sa ido kan lafiyarku akai-akai. Tunda wannan tiyata ce mai sauƙi, murmurewa kuma yana da sauri.

Menene haɗari da rikitarwa?

Kamar kowace irin magani, TCAR na iya ɗaukar ƙananan haɗari. Duk da haka, yuwuwar waɗannan faruwa ba ta da yawa.

• Zubar jini ko kumburi daga wurin da aka yanke.
• Kamuwa da cuta a wurin da aka yanke.
• Ƙaramin rauni ga jijiya a wuya.
• Ciwon zuciya.
• Ciwon zuciya.

Likitan ku zai yi muku bayani dalla-dalla game da waɗannan haɗarin. Ku tuna cewa ana ɗaukar matakai na musamman don rage waɗannan haɗarin yayin aikin TCAR.

Murmurewa da rayuwa da stent

TCAR hanya ce mai sauri domin babu babban yankewa.

• A guji ɗaga nauyi na tsawon mako ɗaya ko biyu.
• A duba wurin da aka yanke a wuyanka kowace rana domin tabbatar da tsaftarsa ​​kuma babu alamun kamuwa da cuta.
• Tambayi likitanka lokacin da za ka iya komawa aikinka da sauran ayyukanka na yau da kullum.

Bayan an sanya stent ɗin, ya rage naka ka hana jijiyar jini sake toshewa. Domin yin haka, dole ne ka yi waɗannan abubuwan.

• Idan kana shan taba, ka daina nan take.
• Motsa jiki akai-akai.
• Ka ci abinci mai kyau wanda ba shi da kitse mai yawa.
• A sha maganin rage jini da kuma maganin rage cholesterol da likitanka ya rubuta a kan lokaci.

Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?

Idan ka ga alamun kamuwa da cuta a wurin da aka yi wa tiyatar, kira likitanka nan take.

• Zazzaɓi
• Idan ka ji sanyi
• Idan akwai ja da kumburi a kusa da wurin da aka yanke
• Idan wani abu kamar ruwa ya fito daga wurin da aka yanke

Likitan ku zai yanke shawara kan wanne magani ne ya fi dacewa da ku. Ku tattauna duk wata tambaya, damuwa, ko shakku da kuke da shi. Manufarsa ita ce samar muku da magani mafi dacewa kuma mafi aminci.