Shin thyroid ɗinka yana da lafiya? Bari mu yi magana game da cutar thyroid a cikin sauƙi!

Shin wani lokacin kana jin gajiya ko ƙara kiba ba tare da wani dalili ba? Wataƙila kana tsammanin hakan ya faru ne saboda yawan aikin da kake yi a kwanakin nan. Amma, shin ka san cewa ƙaramin gland mai siffar malam buɗe ido a gaban wuyanka zai iya shiga cikin waɗannan abubuwan? A yau, bari mu yi magana game da glandar thyroid da cututtukan da za a iya dangantawa da su, wato cututtukan thyroid .

Menene glandar thyroid? Me yake yi?

A taƙaice dai, glandar thyroid ƙaramin gland ne mai siffar malam buɗe ido wanda ke gaban wuyanka. Yana cikin tsarin endocrine na jikinmu. Yana kama da ƙaramin masana'anta a jikinmu. Yana samarwa da kuma fitar da hormones na thyroid cikin jini, waɗanda ke sarrafa ayyuka masu mahimmanci da yawa a jikinmu. Manyan hormones da yake samarwa sune thyroxine (T4) da triiodothyronine (T3) .

Yanzu za ku iya tambaya, "Menene waɗannan hormones suke yi?" Babban aikin glandar thyroid shine sarrafa metabolism ko metabolism rate . Wato, saurin da abincin da muke ci yake canzawa zuwa kuzari. Kowace ƙwayar halitta a jikinmu tana buƙatar kuzari don yin aiki. Don haka, idan wannan glandar thyroid ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata, zai iya shafar dukkan jiki. Ka yi tunanin hakan kamar mai saurin mota. Idan ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata, saurin motar ko dai yana da jinkiri sosai ko kuma yana da sauri sosai. Haka yake.

To, menene cututtukan thyroid?

Ciwon thyroid kalma ce ta gama gari. Yana nufin kowace irin rashin lafiya da glandar thyroid ɗinka ba ta samar da isasshen hormones ba. Yana iya shafar mutane na kowane zamani. Wani lokaci glandar thyroid tana samar da hormones da yawa, wani lokacin kuma tana samar da ƙarancin hormones. Dukansu matsaloli ne.

Waɗanne manyan nau'ikan cututtukan thyroid ne?

Akwai manyan nau'ikan cututtukan thyroid guda biyu: hypothyroidism (rashin samar da hormones na thyroid) da hyperthyroidism (yawan samar da hormones na thyroid). Duk da haka, kowannensu yana iya samun dalilai daban-daban.

1. Rashin samar da sinadarin thyroid hormones: Hypothyroidism

Wannan yana faruwa ne lokacin da glandar thyroid ba ta samar da isasshen hormones na thyroid ba, wanda ke rage jinkirin metabolism na jiki.

Mene ne ke haifar da hypothyroidism?

• Cutar Hashimoto: Wannan cuta ce mai tsanani wadda ke shafar garkuwar jiki , tsawon rai. A taƙaice dai, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kai hari ga glandar thyroid. Wannan ita ce babbar hanyar haifar da hypothyroidism a ƙasashen da ake cin gishiri da abinci mai yawan iodine.
• Rashin sinadarin aidin: Ma'adinin aidin yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen samar da sinadarin hormones na thyroid. Don haka, idan ba ka samun isasshen sinadarin aidin a cikin abincinka, za ka iya kamuwa da cutar hypothyroidism. Wannan shine babban dalilin da ke haifar da wannan matsala a ƙasashen da gishirin iodized ba ya yaɗuwa sosai. Wannan na iya haifar da goiter , wanda shine kumburin glandar thyroid.
• Ciwon thyroid da aka haifa: Wasu jarirai ana haihuwarsu ba tare da glandar thyroid ba ko kuma tare da glandar thyroid wanda ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata. "Na haihuwa" yana nufin "yana nan a lokacin haihuwa." Kimanin jarirai 1 cikin 2,000 zuwa 4,000 na iya samun wannan yanayin.

2. Yawan samar da hormones na thyroid: Hyperthyroidism

Wannan shine lokacin da glandar thyroid ke samar da hormones da yawa, wanda ke hanzarta metabolism na jiki.

Mene ne ke haifar da hyperthyroidism?

• Cutar Graves: Wannan kuma cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki mai ɗorewa. Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, glandar thyroid tana ƙaruwa kuma tana samar da hormones da yawa. Wannan shine mafi yawan sanadin hyperthyroidism.
• Ƙwayoyin thyroid: Waɗannan ƙuraje ne marasa kyau da ke fitowa a glandar thyroid. Idan wasu daga cikin waɗannan ƙuraje suka fara samar da hormones da yawa, hyperthyroidism na iya faruwa.
• Yawan shan iodine fiye da kima: Idan jiki ya sha iodine fiye da kima, glandar thyroid tana samar da hormone da yawa. Wannan yanayin na iya faruwa ne sakamakon wasu magunguna, misali , amiodarone, maganin da ake amfani da shi don magance cututtukan zuciya.

3. Wani lokaci hormones suna da ƙasa, wani lokacin kuma suna da yawa

Akwai wasu yanayi da zasu iya haifar da hyperthyroidism (ƙara yawan samar da hormones) sannan hypothyroidism (rage yawan samar da hormones).

• Ciwon thyroid: Wannan kumburi ne na glandar thyroid. Wannan yawanci yana farawa ne da ƙaruwar hormones na ɗan lokaci (hyperthyroidism), sannan sai raguwar hormones na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin (hypothyroidism).
• Ciwon thyroid bayan haihuwa: Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba wanda ke faruwa a wasu uwaye bayan haihuwa. Yana shafar kusan kashi 5% na mata cikin shekara guda da haihuwa. Kuma, yawan hawan jini yawanci yakan fara faruwa, sai kuma yawan hawan jini. Duk da haka, wannan yawanci na ɗan lokaci ne.

Yaya yawan cutar thyroid yake?

Ciwon thyroid ya zama ruwan dare gama gari . Misali, ana cewa kimanin mutane miliyan 20 a Amurka suna da wani nau'in ciwon thyroid. Don haka, ana iya ganin wannan yanayin a Sri Lanka.

Mene ne alamun cutar thyroid?

Idan kana da matsalar thyroid, za ka iya fuskantar alamu iri-iri. Matsalar ita ce waɗannan alamomin galibi suna kama da na wasu yanayi ko canje-canje da ke faruwa a lokuta daban-daban a rayuwarka. Don haka yana iya zama da wahala a san tabbas ko alamun sun faru ne sakamakon matsalar thyroid ko wani abu daban.

Duk da haka, gabaɗaya, alamun thyroid za a iya raba su zuwa rukuni biyu - waɗanda ke faruwa sakamakon yawan sinadarin thyroid (hyperthyroidism) da kuma waɗanda ke faruwa sakamakon ƙarancin sinadarin thyroid (hypothyroidism). Alamomin waɗannan yanayi guda biyu galibi suna "sabawa" da juna. Wannan saboda hyperthyroidism yana hanzarta metabolism ɗinka, yayin da hypothyroidism ke rage shi.

Alamomin hypothyroidism (ƙananan hormones):

• Saurin bugun zuciya fiye da yadda aka saba.
• Ina jin gajiya a kowane lokaci. Ina so kawai in kwanta a kan gado duk rana, ina jin gajiya sosai don in yi wani abu mai amfani.
• Karin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba. Karin nauyi koda kuwa dabi'ar cin abinci ta ci gaba da kasancewa iri ɗaya.
• Wahalar jure sanyi . Abin da zai iya zama mura ta yau da kullun ga wasu na iya zama abin da ba za a iya jurewa ba a gare ku.
• Busasshen fata da gashi mai kauri .
• Damuwa .
• Zubar jini mai yawa a lokacin al'ada ga mata (menorrhagia) .

Alamomin hyperthyroidism (idan akwai yawan hormones):

• Saurin bugun zuciya fiye da yadda aka saba (tachycardia) . Yana jin kamar zuciyarka tana bugawa.
• Wahalar yin barci .
• Rage nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba. Rage nauyi koda lokacin cin abinci mai kyau.
• Wahalar jure zafi . Ko da yake yana iya zama al'ada ga wasu su ji zafi, za ka iya jin gumi da zafi mai yawa.
• Fatar da ke yin gumi ko kuma mai laushi .
• Jin tashin hankali, rashin natsuwa, da kuma saurin fushi .
• Mata suna da rashin daidaituwar jinin al'ada ko kuma daina jinin al'ada (amenorrhea) .

Duk waɗannan yanayi biyu na iya haifar da kumburin glandar thyroid, wanda ake kira goiter . Duk da haka, ya fi yawa a cikin hyperthyroidism.

Wanene ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar thyroid?

Kuna iya kamuwa da cutar thyroid idan kun:

• Idan ke mace ce , mata suna da yuwuwar kamuwa da cutar thyroid sau biyar zuwa takwas fiye da maza.
• Idan wani a cikin iyalinka yana da cutar thyroid (zai iya zama na gado).
• Idan kana da wata cuta ta kwayoyin halitta kamar Turner syndrome .
• Idan kana shan maganin da ke dauke da sinadarin aidin da yawa .
• Idan kana zaune a ƙasa ko yanki inda gishirin iodized ba ya yaɗuwa (wannan na iya haifar da ƙarancin iod).
• Idan kina da shekaru sama da 60 , musamman idan ke mace ce.
• Idan an taɓa yi maka maganin radiation a kai da/ko wuya.

Haka kuma, idan kana da wata cuta ta daban da ke shafar garkuwar jiki , haɗarin kamuwa da cutar thyroid ya fi yawa. Musamman idan kana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan yanayi:

• Ciwon anemia mai tsanani
• Ciwon suga na nau'in 1
• Cutar Celiac
• Cutar Addison (cutar Addison - rashin isasshen adrenal na farko)
• Lupus
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• Ciwon Sjögren

Yaya ake gane cutar thyroid (ganewar asali)?

Idan kana da alamun cutar thyroid, likitanka zai fara tambayarka game da alamominka, tarihin iyalinka, sannan ya yi maka gwajin jiki. A lokacin wannan gwajin, likitanka zai ji glandar thyroid ɗinka a wuyanka don duba kumburi ko ƙumburi (nodules).

Bayan haka, likita zai buƙaci yin ƙarin gwaje-gwajen thyroid da dama don tabbatar da ganewar cutar. Waɗannan su ne:

• Gwaje-gwajen jini: Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya gano ko kuna da hypothyroidism ko hyperthyroidism. Akwai nau'ikan gwaje-gwajen jini na thyroid daban-daban. Misali, suna duba hormones masu motsa thyroid (TSH) , matakan hormones na T3 da T4 , da kuma antibodies na thyroid .
• Gwaje-gwajen hoto: Gwaje-gwaje kamar na'urar duban dan tayi ta thyroid na iya taimaka wa likitanka ya gani ko akwai wasu ƙuraje ko ƙuraje a cikin glandar thyroid ɗinka. Gwaje-gwajen hoton magungunan nukiliya kamar ɗaukar thyroid da duban dan tayi na iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko ƙuraje suna aiki da yawa.

Yaya ake magance cututtukan thyroid?

Maganin cutar thyroid ya dogara ne akan nau'in cutar da kake da ita da kuma musabbabinta. Babban burin shine a dawo da matakan hormones na thyroid zuwa matakin lafiya.

Maganin Ciwon Hawan Jini:

Idan kana da hyperthyroidism (yanayin da akwai yawan hormones), akwai magunguna kamar:

• Magungunan Antithyroid: Misali , methimazole da propylthiouracil . Waɗannan magunguna suna hana glandar thyroid samar da hormones.
• Maganin radioiodine - maganin radioiodine: Wannan maganin yana lalata ƙwayoyin glandar thyroid kuma yana hana su samar da hormones da suka wuce kima.
• Magungunan hana ƙwayoyin cuta na beta: Waɗannan magunguna ba sa shafar glandar thyroid kai tsaye, amma suna iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa wasu alamu, kamar bugun zuciya da sauri.
• Tiyata: A matsayin magani na dindindin, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar a yi maka tiyatar cire glandar thyroid, wanda ya haɗa da cire glandar thyroid ɗinka ta hanyar tiyata. Wannan zai dakatar da samar da hormones gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, za ka sha magungunan maye gurbin thyroid na roba har tsawon rayuwarka.

Maganin Hypothyroidism:

Idan kana da hypothyroidism (wani yanayi inda thyroid ba ya aiki yadda ya kamata), babban maganin shine maye gurbin hormones na thyroid . Wannan ya haɗa da ƙara hormones na thyroid a jikinka ta hanyar wucin gadi. Ɗaya daga cikin magungunan da likitoci suka fi ba da shawara shine levothyroxine .

Shin cutar thyroid wata matsala ce mai tsanani?

Ciwon thyroid na iya shafar sassa da yawa na jikinka da kuma lafiyarka. Duk da haka, idan ka bi tsarin magani da ya dace kuma ka kula da wannan matsalar, yawanci ba cuta ce mai tsanani ba.

Duk da haka, idan ba a gano ko magance cutar thyroid yadda ya kamata ba , zai iya haifar da matsaloli daban-daban.

Matsalolin da za a iya fuskanta saboda hyperthyroidism ba tare da magani ba:

• Atrial fibrillation ( bugun zuciya mara tsari)
• bugun jini
• Ciwon zuciya mai yawan toshewa ( heart failure)
• Rage ƙashi (osteoporosis )

Matsalolin da za su iya faruwa saboda hypothyroidism marasa magani:

• Matsalolin yanayi , kamar baƙin ciki.
• Ciwon jijiyoyi na gefe (lalacewar jijiyoyi a cikin gaɓoɓi)
• Ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da bugun zuciya .
• Rashin haihuwa .
• Ciwon suga na Myxedema : Wannan wata matsala ce da ke barazana ga rayuwa sakamakon tsananin rashin lafiyar hypothyroidism.

Shin zai yiwu a yi rayuwa ta yau da kullun tare da cutar thyroid?

Ciwon thyroid sau da yawa yana shafar lafiyar jiki har abada . Wannan yana nufin za ku ci gaba da kula da shi akai-akai. Wannan yakan buƙaci magani na yau da kullun. Likitan ku zai sa ido kan maganin ku kuma ya yi duk wani gyara da ya dace akan lokaci.

Yana iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kafin a sami tsarin magani mai dacewa don daidaita matakan hormones ɗinku. Duk da haka, yawanci yana yiwuwa a rayu rayuwa ta yau da kullun da jin daɗi tare da cututtukan thyroid.Abin da kawai ake buƙata shi ne a bi shawarar likita a hankali.

Za a iya hana cutar thyroid?

Ciwon thyroid gabaɗaya yana da wahalar hana shi . Wannan saboda yawancin cututtukan thyroid suna da alaƙa da abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta da/ko kuma cututtukan garkuwar jiki ne ke haifar da su. Ba za mu iya hana waɗannan abubuwan ba.

Duk da haka, ana iya hana matsalolin thyroid da ke faruwa sakamakon yawan sinadarin iodine ko ƙarancin sinadarin iodine a wasu lokutan. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da samun sinadarin iodine mai kyau, ku yi magana da likitan ku.

Yaushe ya kamata ku ga likita game da matsalar thyroid?

Idan kana da alamun hypothyroidism ko hyperthyroidism, ko kuma idan ka lura da wasu canje-canje a bayyanar glandar thyroid a wuyanka (kamar kumburi), yana da muhimmanci ka ga likita . Yana da mahimmanci a sami ganewar asali kuma a fara magani.

Haka kuma, idan ka san cewa wani ɗan gidanka yana da cutar thyroid, ka gaya wa likitanka game da shi. Ciwon thyroid na iya faruwa a cikin iyali. Idan ka taɓa samun alamun cutar thyroid, yana da mahimmanci ka san wannan tarihin iyali.

Saƙon Ɗauka Gida

Duk da cewa cutar thyroid cuta ce da aka saba gani, ba abin tsoro ba ne. Labari mai daɗi shine ana iya sarrafa ta da kyau ta hanyar amfani da magunguna da sauran magunguna.

• Ciwon thyroid wani irin gland ne mai siffar malam buɗe ido a wuyanka. Hormones ɗin da yake samarwa suna sarrafa abubuwa da yawa a jikinka.
• Idan hormones ɗin suka ragu, ana kiransa hypothyroidism , idan kuma suka ƙaru, ana kiransa hyperthyroidism .
• Idan kana da alamu kamar gajiya, canjin nauyi, da rashin natsuwa, zai iya zama matsalar thyroid.
• Ana iya gano hakan ta hanyar gwajin jini.
• Idan ka sami magani mai kyau, za ka iya rayuwa ta yau da kullun.
• Idan kana da alamun cutar thyroid, ko kuma kana da abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗari, yi magana da likita . Suna nan don taimaka maka. Kada ka ji tsoro, ka tambaya idan kana da wasu tambayoyi. Lafiyarka ta cancanci hakan!

Ciwon thyroid, cututtukan thyroid, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter, hormones, thyroxine