E aʻo kākou e pili ana i nā māka enzyme i loko o kou koko.

Ke haʻi aku ke kauka iā ʻoe e nānā i kāu "Enzyme Markers," aia paha kekahi mau nīnau i loko o kou manaʻo, ʻeā? "He aha kēia mau enzymes?", "No ke aha lākou e nānā ʻia nei?" Nā nīnau e like me ia. Mai hopohopo, he mea maʻalahi loa ia. E aʻo hou kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā, e like me ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kahi hoaaloha.

No laila he aha kēia mau māka enzyme?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā Enzyme Markers kahi hoʻāʻo koko e ana i nā pae o kekahi mau enzymes i loko o kou koko. Loaʻa pinepine kēia mau enzymes i loko o nā cell o ko kākou kino. Eia naʻe, i ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ai, maʻi ʻia, a ʻeha paha kekahi o nā ʻāpana i loko o ko kākou kino, e like me ke akepaʻa, ka puʻuwai, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻiʻo, e kahe ana kekahi o kēia mau enzymes mai kēlā mau cell i hōʻino ʻia i loko o ke koko. Ua like ia me ka wai e kahe ana mai kahi ʻōmole haki.

A laila, me kēia hoʻāʻo koko, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻike inā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia enzyme i loko o kou koko a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau. I kekahi manawa kapa nā kauka i kēia mau "biomarkers." ʻO ia hoʻi, he hōʻailona olaola o kahi maʻi. Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i ke kauka i kahi hōʻailona inā he hewa kekahi mea i loko o kou kino.

ʻAe, he aha kēia mau "enzymes"?

Ua kamaʻilio wale mākou e pili ana i nā "hōʻailona enzyme." No laila he aha kēia mau "enzymes"? E noʻonoʻo i nā enzymes e like me nā protein e like me nā mea hana liʻiliʻi i loko o ko mākou kino. Kōkua lākou i nā kaʻina hana kemika ʻē aʻe i loko o ko mākou kino, a hoʻolalelale lākou i kā mākou metabolism. Ua like ia me kekahi e kōkua iā mākou e hoʻoheheʻe wikiwiki i ka meaʻai.

Aia nā tausani o nā enzymes like ʻole i loko o ko kākou kino, a hana kēlā me kēia i kahi hana kikoʻī. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• I loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuni koko: Kōkua i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko.
• ʻŌnaehana hoʻoheheʻe: Kōkua i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai.
• ʻŌnaehana Musculoskeletal: Kōkua nā ʻiʻo i ka hana a me ka neʻe ʻana.
• ʻŌnaehana aʻalolo: Kōkua i ka hana o ka lolo, ke kaula kuamoʻo, a me nā aʻalolo.
• ʻŌnaehana hanu: Kōkua i ke kaʻina hana hanu.
• ʻŌnaehana mimi: Kōkua i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōpala mai ke kino.

ʻIke ʻoe, he hana koʻikoʻi ko nā enzymes i ko mākou kino!

ʻO wai ka mea e pono ai kēia hoʻāʻo māka enzyme?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e kauoha ai ke kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo. ʻO nā mea nui:

• Nā Nānā: I kekahi manawa, ke hele ʻoe no kahi hoʻokolohua kino maʻamau, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua e nānā i nā pilikia kūloko, ka hōʻino ʻana o nā kino, a i ʻole ka luhi o nā ʻiʻo, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona.
• No ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi (Diagnosis):Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he maʻi kikoʻī a he pilikia puʻuwai paha ke kumu.
• Ke nānā ʻana i ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau: Inā ʻoe e lawe nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kahi maʻi, hana ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo enzyme e ʻike ai inā e hana pono ana ka lāʻau lapaʻau a inā paha e hōʻino ana i kekahi ʻōkana ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā ʻano hoʻāʻo māka enzyme i loaʻa?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i nā hoʻāʻo māka enzyme like ʻole e ʻike i nā maʻi like ʻole a me ko lākou kūlana. Eia kekahi o nā ʻano nui:

• Hoʻāʻo enzyme cardiac: Nānā kēia no ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai.
• Hoʻāʻo ʻia nā isoenzymes Creatinine phosphokinase (CPK): Hoʻāʻo kēia no nā enzymes e like me `(CK-MB)` a me `(CK-MM)`. Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā ʻiʻo, ʻoiai ka puʻuwai a me nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe.
• Hoʻāʻo enzyme akepaʻa: Ke ana kēia hoʻāʻo i nā enzymes e like me `(ALT)`, `(AST)`, `(Alkaline phosphatase)`, `(GGT)`, a me `(5'-NT)` i mea e loaʻa ai kahi manaʻo o ke kūlana o ke akepaʻa.

E nānā kākou i kēia mau ʻano me nā kikoʻī hou aku.

He aha ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻenzyme o ka naʻau?

Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ke kānalua ʻia kahi hāʻule puʻuwai, a i ʻole e nānā inā ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai e kekahi maʻi puʻuwai ʻē aʻe. Hana ʻia nō hoʻi e nānā i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka puʻuwai ma hope o kekahi mau ʻoki puʻuwai, e like me ke coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) a i ʻole angioplasty.

Ke hōʻino ʻia kekahi mea i loko o ka puʻuwai, hoʻokuʻu ka puʻuwai i kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo troponin (cTn) a me kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo creatine phosphokinase (CPK) i loko o ke koko. I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ka pae o ka creatine phosphokinase (CPK) ka hoʻāʻo nui i hoʻohana ʻia e ʻike i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. Akā i kēia manawa, inā kānalua ʻoe he hōʻeha puʻuwai paha kāu, hana pinepine nā kauka i kahi hoʻāʻo troponin e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona. ʻO kēia no ka mea aia wale nō ka enzyme troponin i loko o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ia ke kumu he kikoʻī loa ia.

Hiki i nā pae Troponin i loko o ke koko ke hoʻomaka e piʻi i loko o 12 mau hola o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. Hiki i nā pae CPK kiʻekiʻe ke hōʻike i kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka maʻi artery coronary, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi paʻa i loko o nā aʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai.

ʻO ka maʻamau, haʻahaʻa loa nā pae troponin i loko o ke koko - ma kahi o 0.02 nanograms no ka milliliter (0.02 ng/mL). ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia enzyme cardiac i loko o ke koko, ʻo ia hoʻi he hiki ke loaʻa ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino i loaʻa i ka puʻuwai.

Ma muli o ka loli ʻana o nā pae enzyme i ka wā o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ana i kāu mau pae CPK a me troponin i kēlā me kēia mau hola.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻāʻo enzyme cardiac inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:

• ʻEha umauma
• Pōʻino
• Ka luaʻi
• Ka hou nui ʻana (Ka hou nui ʻana / Hyperhidrosis)
• Pōkole o ka hanu / Dyspnea

He aha ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā isoenzymes CPK?

Ke nānā nei kēia hoʻāʻo i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka `(CPK)`. Hōʻike kēia ua hōʻino ʻia nā ʻiʻo. Ke hōʻino ʻia ko kākou mau ʻiʻo (me ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai), ka lolo, a me nā māmā e ka maʻi a i ʻole ka ʻeha, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia mau isoenzymes `(CPK)` i loko o ke koko. ʻO nā Isoenzymes nā ʻano enzymes i pili pono i kekahi mau ʻōkana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻiʻo.

ʻo kahi laʻana:

• ʻO ke `(CK)` kikoʻī no ka puʻuwai ʻo `CK-MB` .
• ʻO ke `(CK)` kikoʻī no nā ʻiʻo iwi (e like me nā ʻiʻo o nā lima) ʻo `CK-MM` .
• ʻO ka ʻōlelo wale ʻana he `(CK)` ʻo ia ka nui o ka `(CK)` e hele mai ana mai kēia mau wahi a pau.

Ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​​​ka maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea pilikia, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kēia hoʻāʻo isoenzyme (CPK) e nānā i nā kūlana e like me:

• Maʻi hohola
• Hahau
• ʻŌpū lolo
• ʻO ka dystrophy muscular (kahi maʻi e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i nā ʻiʻo)
• ʻO Dermatomyositis (kahi maʻi o ka ʻili a me nā ʻiʻo)
• ʻO ka myositis kino hoʻokomo (kahi maʻi e hoʻonāwaliwali ai nā ʻiʻo)
• ʻO ka Polymyositis (kahi maʻi ʻiʻo)
• ʻO ka hyperthermia malignant (kahi kūlana e ulu ai ke kanaka i ke kuni kiʻekiʻe i ka pane ʻana i ka anesthesia i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana)

He aha ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka enzyme o ke akepaʻa?

Ke hōʻino ʻia ko kākou akepaʻa e kekahi maʻi a ʻeha paha, hoʻokuʻu ke akepaʻa i nā ʻano enzyme like ʻole i loko o ke koko. ʻO ʻelua o kēia mau enzymes i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo alanine aminotransferase (ALT) a me aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Hana nui ʻia ka enzyme ALT i loko o ke akepaʻa. Hana ʻia ka aspartate aminotransferase (AST) i loko o ke akepaʻa, ka puʻuwai, nā puʻupaʻa, ka lolo, a me nā ʻiʻo.

Nānā kahi hoʻāʻo enzyme ate i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau enzymes. Inā kiʻekiʻe lākou, hiki ke kumu ia o kahi kūlana e like me:

• ʻAla bile i paʻa ʻia
• ʻO ka maʻi Celiac (kahi maʻi allergy i ka gluten)
• ʻO ka Cirrhosis o ke akepaʻa
• Maʻi akepaʻa momona a i ʻole ka maʻi akepaʻa e pili ana i ka waiʻona
• Hemochromatosis (ka nui o ka hao i loko o ke koko)
• ʻO ka maʻi Hepatitis A, ka maʻi Hepatitis B a me ka maʻi Hepatitis C
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate
• ʻO Mononucleosis (kahi maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻōpū pehu)
• ka maʻi Wilson (ka nui o ka waiho ʻana o ke keleawe i loko o ka iwi)

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pae enzyme wale nō ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi kou. E hoʻohālikelike kāu kauka i kēia me kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā hopena hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i kahi hopena.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi hoʻāʻo māka enzyme?

Inā e hana ʻoe i kahi hoʻāʻo koko, ʻo ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kēia mau mea hiki ke maʻalahi i ke kaʻina hana:

• E inu i ka wai nui: E inu i ka wai nui ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko. E kōkua kēia i ke kahe maikaʻi ʻana o ke koko ma o nā aa koko, e maʻalahi ai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke koko.
• E pale i ka nikotine: Inā ʻoe e puhipaka (me ka vaping), e pale iā ia ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko. Hoʻopilikia ka nikotine i nā kīʻaha koko e ʻūlū, e paʻakikī ai ke huki i ke koko mai kahi aa koko i ʻūlū ʻia.
• E haʻi mai iā mākou inā makaʻu ʻoe: Inā he makaʻu kou i nā nila (Trypanophobia) a i ʻole he makaʻu i ka ʻike ʻana i ke koko (Hemophobia), e haʻi mua i kāu kauka a i ʻole ke kanaka e huki ana i kou koko. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu i ke kaʻina hana o ke huki ʻana i ke koko.

Pono anei au e hoʻokē ʻai ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka māka enzyme?

E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe inā pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai (koe wale nō ka wai). I ka hapa nui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe. ʻOiai ʻo nā hoʻokolohua enzyme cardiac e hana ʻia i kahi pilikia, e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻokē ʻai i kēlā manawa.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo māka enzyme?

He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi wale nō kēia. Ma muli o kou kūlana, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo ma ke keʻena o ke kauka, kahi keʻena hoʻāʻo koko, a i ʻole kahi haukapila. ʻO kahi phlebotomist (he kanaka i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā ʻia e huki koko) a i ʻole kekahi loea mālama ola kino e huki i kou koko. He mau minuke wale nō kēia kaʻina hana.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka māka enzyme?

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka palaki ma kahi i huki ʻia ai ke koko no ʻelua a ʻehā hola e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi. Hiki ke pehu iki a ʻeha paha ka wahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke kui. E nalo ana kēia i loko o kekahi mau lā.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka ʻeha ma o ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea:

• E ʻōwili i kahi ʻeke hau i loko o kahi ʻāpana lole a kau ma luna o ka plaster.
• E lawe i kahi lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha ma ke kūʻai ʻana ma luna o ke kauka.
• Mai hāpai i nā mea kaumaha a i ʻole e hana i ka hoʻoikaika kino no 24 mau hola ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko.

He aha nā pilikia o kahi hoʻāʻo māka enzyme?

He mau kaʻina hana haʻahaʻa ka pilikia o nā hoʻāʻo koko. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa i ke koko haʻahaʻa (hypotension) ke huki ʻia ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopōʻino iā ʻoe a nausea paha. Inā ʻoe e maʻi a palupalu paha, e haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka mea e lawe ana i ke koko. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe ma ka hoʻomoe ʻana iā ʻoe a i ʻole e hana i nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Āhea wau e loaʻa ai nā hopena hoʻāʻo?

I loko o kahi pilikia, no ka laʻana inā kānalua ʻia kahi hāʻule puʻuwai, loaʻa koke nā hopena. A i ʻole, hiki ke hala kekahi mau lā no ke kauka e loaʻa ai nā hopena mai ka lab.

E kūkākūkā kāu kauka i nā hopena me ʻoe. Pono paha ʻoe e loaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e ʻike ai i kahi pilikia kikoʻī a i ʻole e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe pilikia. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pilikia, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua māka enzyme ma luna o kekahi mau hola a i ʻole nā ​​​​lā.

He aha kaʻu e nīnau aku ai i kaʻu kauka?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i ke kauka i nā nīnau penei:

• No ke aha e pono ai iaʻu e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo māka enzyme?
• Pono anei au e hoʻokē ʻai, e hoʻōki i ka puhipaka, a i ʻole e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo?
• Āhea wau e loaʻa ai nā hopena hoʻāʻo?
• Pono anei au e hopohopo e pili ana i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo?
• Pono anei au e hana i nā hoʻokolohua hou aku?
• ʻEhia pinepine e pono ai iaʻu e hana i kēia hoʻāʻo māka enzyme?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻO kahi hoʻāʻo māka enzyme kahi hoʻāʻo e hāʻawi i ka ʻike koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka hana o ko mākou mau kino, ke kūlana o nā maʻi, a me ka mālama ʻana. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike i kahi maʻi a i ʻole e hōʻoia ʻaʻohe maʻi e like me ia.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo enzyme cardiac e loiloi i ka pōʻino o ka puʻuwai ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo phosphokinase (CPK) e nānā i nā maʻi e pili ana i nā ʻiʻo. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo enzyme ate e loiloi i ka hana o ke ake. E nīnau i kāu kauka i nā nīnau a hopohopo paha āu e pili ana i kēia hoʻāʻo a i ʻole kona mau hopena. Mai hopohopo, aia kāu kauka ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe.

Nā ʻenzymes , nā hoʻāʻo ʻenzymes, nā hoʻāʻo koko, maʻi puʻuwai, maʻi akepaʻa, maʻi ʻiʻo, hōʻailona