He pilikia hormonal anei kāu keiki liʻiliʻi? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi endocrinologist pediatric!

I kekahi manawa ke noʻonoʻo mākou i nā maʻi i loaʻa i kā mākou poʻe liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ke ʻano paʻakikī iki lākou, manaʻo mākou he kaumaha nui ma ko mākou mau puʻuwai, ʻeā? Ua like nā pilikia e pili ana i ka hormone. Akā, ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo. No ka mea, aia nā loea e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe a me kāu keiki i nā manawa e like me kēia. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ke kanaka he pediatric endocrinologist , a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e ʻōlelo nei ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, he "Pediatric Endocrinologist". No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio hou kākou e pili ana i kēia loea.

ʻO wai ke kauka endocrinologist pediatric?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he kauka loea hormone pediatric kahi kauka nāna e nānā a mālama i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka hormone i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio , ʻo ia hoʻi, nā pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana endocrine. Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki nā pilikia me ka wā ʻōpio , nā pilikia ulu , nā kūlana e like me ka maʻi diabetes , a i ʻole kekahi kūlana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā hormones a me nā glands e hana ana iā lākou, hiki i kēia loea ke kōkua.

No laila he aha kēia ʻano endocrinology?

ʻO ka Endocrinology ka lālā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e aʻo ana i ka ʻōnaehana endocrine i loko o ko mākou kino. Hana ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana me nā kelepa endocrine, nā ʻōkana endocrine, a me nā hormones. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he ala kūikawā no ko mākou kino e kamaʻilio ai i nā leka.

Nā ʻōpū endocrine

He mau ʻiʻo kūikawā kēia i loko o ko kākou kino e hana ana i nā hormones a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o ke koko. Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o nā glands:

• Nā kelepa adrenal: ʻElua mau kelepa liʻiliʻi kēia ma luna o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa. Hoʻopuka lākou i nā hormones e pane ana i ke kaumaha, a me nā hormones e kaohi ana i nā pae paʻakai.
• ʻO ke kinoea pituitary : ʻO kēia kinoea liʻiliʻi e like me ka iwi aia ma lalo pono o ka lolo e hoʻomalu i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe he nui, no laila i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo "master gland."
• ʻO ka thyroid : ʻO kēia kelepa ʻano pepeke i mua o ka ʻāʻī e hana i nā hormones e kaohi i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kino i ka ikehu.
• Nā kelepa parathyroid: ʻO kēia mau kelepa liʻiliʻi ʻehā ma hope o ka kelepa thyroid e kaohi i nā pae calcium i loko o ke kino.

Nā ʻŌkana Endocrine

Hoʻopuka pū kēia mau ʻōkana i nā hormones a hana i nā hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe.

• Pancreas : Ua pili kēia ʻōkana ma ka ʻōpū luna i ka maʻi diabetes.Hoʻopuka ia i ka hormone insulin .
• Hypothalamus: ʻO kēia ʻāpana o ka lolo ke kaohi i ka pituitary gland.
• ʻO nā ovaries : ʻO ia kekahi hapa o ka ʻōnaehana hānau wahine e hana ana i nā hormones wahine.
• Nā ho'āʻo : ʻĀpana o ka ʻōnaehana hānau kāne e hana ana i nā hormones wahine.

Nā hormones

Ua like nā hormones me nā ʻelele kemika i loko o ko kākou kino. Hele lākou mai kekahi gland a i kekahi ma o ke kahe koko a hoʻopilikia i kekahi ʻano a i ʻole ʻiʻo paha. Hoʻopilikia nā hormones i nā kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi he nui i loko o ko kākou kino. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Metabolism : Ke kaʻina hana e hoʻololi ai ke kino i ka meaʻai i ka ikehu a hoʻohana i kēlā ikehu.
• Ka ulu ʻana: Ke ʻano o ko kākou ulu ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka ulu ʻana o ko kākou kino.
• Ka hoʻohua ʻana ma ke ʻano moekolohe: Nā mea e like me ka wā ʻōpio a me ka hiki ke hoʻohua.
• Hiamoe: Ke kaohi nei i kā mākou pōʻaiapuni hiamoe a me ke ala ʻana.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi loea hormone pediatric a me kahi loea hormone laulā?

He mea nui loa kēia. ʻAʻole he poʻe liʻiliʻi nā keiki. ʻOkoʻa loa ke ʻano o ka ulu ʻana o ko lākou kino a me ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kā lākou mau hormones mai nā pākeke. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā pilikia hormonal a nā keiki mai nā mea a nā pākeke. ʻO nā loea hormone pediatric he mau kauka i loaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā i ka pili ʻana o kēia mau pilikia hormonal i ka ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā keiki. No laila, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no nā keiki.

He aha ka hana a ke kauka hormone pediatric? He aha nā kūlana a lākou e mālama ai?

Hoʻomaopopo, mālama, a mālama kekahi loea endocrine pediatric i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole e hoʻopilikia ana i ka ʻōnaehana endocrine o ke keiki. E nānā kākou i kekahi o kēia mau maʻi.

Nā maʻi ʻōpū adrenal

Hoʻopuka kā mākou mau kelepa adrenal i nā hormones koʻikoʻi he nui. ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai me kēia mau kelepa:

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Addison: Hana ʻia kēia ke hana ʻole ke kino o ke keiki i ʻelua mau hormones, cortisol (kahi hormone e pane ana i ke kaumaha) a me aldosterone (kahi hormone e kaohi ana i nā pae paʻakai).
• ʻO ka hyperplasia adrenal congenital: He ʻano genetic kēia e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana ʻana o ke keiki i nā hormones cortisol, aldosterone, a me androgen (kahi ʻano hormone kāne).
• ʻO ka maʻi Cushing:Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi kēia ʻo `(Hypercortisolism)`. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o ke kino o ke keiki i ka nui o ka hormone `(Cortisol)`.

Nā kūlana iwi a me ka calcium

He nui nā hormones e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ko mākou mau iwi i ikaika a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pae calcium kūpono.

• Hypercalcemia: ʻO ke ʻano kahi i ʻoi aku ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium i loko o ke koko o ke keiki ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Hypocalcemia: ʻO ke ʻano kahi i haʻahaʻa ai ka pae calcium i loko o ke koko o ke keiki ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• ʻO Rickets: He maʻi kēia i loaʻa i ka nele o ka Vitamin D. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonāwaliwali i nā iwi o nā keiki a kūlou.

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes a me nā kūlana metabolic

Hoʻōla pū nā loea hormone pediatric i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka metabolism, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ke kino i ka ikehu. He maʻi maʻamau ka maʻi diabetes.

• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1: ʻO kēia ka manawa e hoʻopau ai ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ke keiki (hoʻouka kaua autoimmune) i nā pūnaewele i loko o ka pancreas e hana ana i ka insulin. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pancreas ke hana i ka insulin.
• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2: Ma kēia ʻano, hana ka pancreas i ka insulin, akā ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino ke hoʻohana pono iā ia. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia me ka momona.
• Momona: He kūlana paʻakikī a lōʻihi kahi e hōʻiliʻili ai ka momona o ke kino a he mea hōʻino i ke olakino. Hiki ke pili pū kēia i nā hemahema hormonal.

Nā maʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka moekolohe

I kekahi manawa, loaʻa paha i nā keiki nā ʻano ʻē i ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka moekolohe. No ka laʻana, he ʻano i kapa ʻia he atypical genitalia . He ʻano genetic laha ʻole kēia. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole paha he ʻano kāne a wahine paha ke ʻano maʻamau o ka genitalia waho o ke keiki, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma kahi ma waena. Hiki i kahi loea hormone pediatric ke ʻike i kēlā mau ʻano a hāʻawi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me ka lāʻau e pono ai.

Nā maʻi endocrine genetic

Hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi mau pilikia hormonal e nā kumu genetic.

• ʻO ka maʻi Turner: Hoʻopilikia kēia maʻi i nā kaikamahine wale nō. Ua nalowale kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​chromosomes X āpau. Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā mea e like me ka ulu ʻana a me ka hana ovarian.
• ʻO ka maʻi Prader-Willi: He maʻi hoʻoilina nō hoʻi kēia. Hoʻopilikia ia i ka metabolism o ke keiki, e hoʻololi ana i ke kino a me ke ʻano (e.g., ka pōloli nui, nā pilikia ulu).

Nā pilikia e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana a me ka wā ʻōpio

He mea nui loa nā hormones no ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke keiki a no lākou e hiki ai i ka wā ʻōpio i ka manawa kūpono. ʻO nā pilikia e hiki ke kū mai ma kēia ʻano:

• Kiʻekiʻe pōkole:ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ke keiki ma mua o 95% o nā keiki ʻē aʻe o ka makahiki like a me ke kāne like. Hiki ke nui nā kumu no kēia, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea ʻo ka hemahema o ka hormonal.
• ʻŌpio mua : Inā hōʻike ke kaikamahine i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻōpio (e laʻa, ka ulu ʻana o ka umauma i nā kaikamahine, ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā hua manu i nā keikikāne) ma mua o 8 makahiki, a i ʻole he keikikāne ma mua o 9 makahiki, ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻōpio mua.
• Ka lohi o ka wā ʻōpiopio : Inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaka ka wā ʻōpiopio a hiki i ka wā ma hope loa o ka maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ke kaikamahine i nā hōʻailona o ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka makahiki 13 a i ʻole ke keikikāne i ka makahiki 14, he lohi paha ia o ka wā ʻōpiopio.

Nā maʻi ʻōpū pituitary

E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, hana ka pituitary gland i nā hormones koʻikoʻi he nui. Inā he pilikia me ka hana o kēia gland, hiki ke kū mai nā hōʻailona like ʻole.

• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes insipidus: ʻAʻole like kēia me ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka nalowale ʻana o ke kino i ka nui o ka mimi a ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama pono i ka wai. ʻO ka makewai nui kekahi hōʻailona o kēia.
• Hypopituitarism: ʻO ka hana ʻole ʻia ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha mau hormones e ka pituitary gland hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana, ka hana thyroid, ka hana adrenal, ka wā ʻōpio, a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka makewai.

Nā kūlana thyroid

Kū mai nā pilikia inā haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha ka nui o nā hormones i hana ʻia e ka thyroid gland.

• Goiter: He kelepa thyroid i hoʻonui ʻia. Hiki ke hana kēia me ka nānā ʻole inā he maʻamau, haʻahaʻa, a kiʻekiʻe paha nā pae hormone.
• Hypothyroidism: ʻAʻole hoʻokuʻu ka ʻōpū thyroid i nā hormones thyroid i lawa i loko o ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻolohi i ke kino, hoʻonui i ke kaumaha, a hoʻoulu i ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū.
• Hyperthyroidism: He kūlana kahi e hana ai ka thyroid gland i ka nui o ka hormone thyroid a hoʻokuʻu iā ia i loko o ke kahe koko. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka puʻuwai wikiwiki, ka emi ʻana o ke kaumaha, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hou ʻana.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai ke kipa aku ʻoe i kahi loea hormone pediatric no ka manawa mua?

Ke hālāwai mua ʻoe me kāu keiki me kahi loea hormone pediatric, e nīnau nui ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā hōʻailona o kāu keiki, ka mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu keiki e lawe nei . E hana pū ʻo ia i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino . I kekahi manawa, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia nā hoʻāʻo koko a me nā scan. Mai hopohopo, hana ʻia kēia mau mea a pau e loaʻa ai kahi manaʻo maikaʻi aʻe o ke kūlana o kāu keiki.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke haʻi aku i ke kauka i nā kikoʻī āpau āu i ʻike ai, ʻaʻohe mea liʻiliʻi. E kōkua kēia iā lākou e hana i kahi hōʻailona pololei.

Pehea ʻoe e lilo ai i loea hormone pediatric?

He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ke ʻike i kēia. ʻO ka endocrinologist pediatric kekahi kanaka e hoʻopau mua i kahi kekelē lapaʻau laulā (4-5 mau makahiki) a laila e hele i ke aʻo kūikawā ma ka pediatrics (ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki). Ma hope o kēlā, pono lākou e hele i kekahi 3 mau makahiki o ke aʻo kūikawā (fellowship) ma ka endocrinology pediatric, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā maʻi hormonal pediatric. Pono hoʻi e ʻāpono ʻia kēia aʻo e kahi ʻaha hoʻonaʻauao lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia (e like me ka Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education - ACGME). Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hōʻoia mai nā ʻoihana i ʻike ʻia e like me ka American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) e hōʻoia pū ana i ko lākou ʻike. Ma muli o kēia aʻo lōʻihi i loaʻa ai iā lākou ka ʻike hohonu o kēia kahua paʻakikī.

Akā ma ko mākou ʻāina, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma Sri Lanka, ʻokoʻa iki ke ʻano e lilo ai i Consultant Pediatric Endocrinologist. Hana ʻia ia ma o ka PGIM (Post Graduate Institute of Medicine) i pili me ke Kulanui o Colombo.

Ma Sri Lanka, penei ke kaʻina o kēia huakaʻi:

1. Nā Mana Kūpono Kumu (MBBS & Internship): ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi kekelē MBBS mai ke kula lapaʻau, hoʻopau i ka internship mandatory, a hoʻopaʻa inoa me SLMC.

2. Hoʻokolohua Komo (Hoʻokolohua Koho): A laila pono ʻoe e hala i ka "MD (Pediatrics) Selection Exam" i mālama ʻia e PGIM. He hoʻokolohua hoʻokūkū kēia.

3. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Paediatrics Laulā - Kakau Inoa: Ke hala ʻoe i ka hoʻokolohua, e loaʻa iā ʻoe ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana (manawa Kakau Inoa). Ma kēia, e aʻo nui ʻoe e pili ana i nā paediatrics laulā.

4. Hoʻokolohua MD: I ka pau ʻana o kēia mau makahiki 3, aia ka "Hoʻokolohua MD (Paediatrics)". ʻO ka hala ʻana i kēia ke kumu kūpono e lilo ai i "kauka loea".

5. Koho ʻana i ka ʻoihana kūikawā: Ma hope o ka hala ʻana i ke kēkelē laeoʻo (MD), pono ke kanaka e hoʻoholo i ke ala e hele ai. Ma laila, pono ke kanaka e koho i ka ʻoihana kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo "Paediatric Endocrinology" (nā hormones o ke keiki). (Loaʻa kēia ma muli o ka Merit a me nā hakahaka).

6. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Ma hope o MD - Luna Kakau Kiʻekiʻe: Maanei e hoʻomaka ai ke aʻo kūikawā i nā hormones. ʻO ka maʻamau, he 2-3 mau makahiki kēia.

   • Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūloko:Pono ʻoe e hana no kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki ma kahi keʻena hormone pediatric ma kahi haukapila nui ma Sri Lanka.

   • Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma waho: Pono ʻoe e loaʻa i ke aʻo ʻana no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha makahiki ma waho (pinepine ma UK a i ʻole Australia) ma kahi kikowaena i ʻike ʻia.

7. Palapala Hōʻoia Papa: Ke pau kēia mau mea a pau, e hōʻoia ʻia ʻoe he "Board Certified Consultant Paediatric Endocrinologist" e PGIM.

No laila, e like me ke kaʻina hana maʻamau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ma Sri Lanka pū kekahi, he huakaʻi kēia e pono ai ka hoʻolaʻa nui no kekahi 6-7 mau makahiki ma hope o MBBS.

No laila, he aha ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai mai nā mea a kākou i kamaʻilio ai? (Leka Lawe-Home)

• Inā manaʻo ʻoe he pilikia kāu keiki e pili ana i nā hormones, ka ulu ʻana, ka wā ʻōpio, a i ʻole ka maʻi diabetes, e nīnau mua i kāu kauka ʻohana a pediatrician paha.
• Inā manaʻo lākou he mea pono, e kuhikuhi lākou iā ʻoe i kahi endocrinologist pediatric.
• He mau kauka loea kēia i loaʻa ka ʻike kūikawā a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā pilikia hormonal i nā keiki. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike pololei i ke kūlana o ke keiki a hāʻawi i nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau a me ka hoʻokele maikaʻi loa.
• E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻokoʻa nā pilikia hormonal o nā keiki mai nā mākua, no laila he mea nui e ʻimi i ke kōkua loea.

No laila, inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau kūlana, mai hopohopo, a e ʻimi i ke aʻo lapaʻau kūpono. Aia nā hopena no nā mea āpau! Hormones, Pediatrics, Growth, Puberty, Diabetes, Endocrine System, Pediatric Hormone Specialist