He aha ka Atelectasis? He mea anei ia e makaʻu ai?

I kekahi manawa, manaʻo paha ʻoe he pōkole iki ka hanu, he ʻū wale nō. He mea maʻamau ka manaʻo ʻana i kēia ʻano, ʻoiai ma hope o ke ʻoki kino nui. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui o kēia, ua hiolo kekahi hapa o kou māmā. Ma nā ʻōlelo lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia he atelectasis (puana ʻia: at-lek-ta-sis). ʻOiai ke kani iki nei ka inoa, ʻaʻole ia he mea koʻikoʻi. No laila i kēia lā, e nānā pono kākou i ke ʻano o ia mea, no ke aha e hana ʻia ai, a me kāu mea e hiki ai ke hana e pili ana i ia mea.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Atelectasis?

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua hana ʻia kou mau māmā me nā miliona o nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi he alveoli . Ke hanu mākou, hoʻopiha ʻia kēia mau ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi me ka ea. A laila komo ka oxygen i loko o ka lewa i loko o ko mākou koko. A laila lawe ke koko i kēlā oxygen ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.

I kēia manawa, inā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole lawa ka ea o kēia mau ʻeke ea i kapa ʻia ʻo alveoli, a inā paha e ʻomi ʻia e ke kaomi o waho, e hiolo lākou e like me ka pōpō i emi. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'Atelectasis'. Hiki ke hana kēia ma kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka māmā, a i ʻole e hiolo ka māmā holoʻokoʻa. Inā hiolo kahi ʻāpana nui o ka māmā ma kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole hiki i ko mākou koko ke loaʻa ka nui o ka oxygen e pono ai, hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino like ʻole.

He ʻelua mau mea like ʻole ʻo Atelectasis lāua ʻo Pneumothorax?

ʻAe. He nui ka poʻe e huikau nei i kēia mau kūlana ʻelua.

• ʻO ka atelectasis ka hiolo ʻana o nā ʻeke ea (alveoli) i loko o nā māmā.
• ʻO Pneumothorax ka liki ʻana o ka ea mai waho o ka māmā, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o kahi hakahaka ma waena o ka māmā a me ka paia o ka umauma, a ʻo kēlā ea e hoʻokuke aku i ka māmā i waho.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, i kekahi hihia e hiolo ana ka māmā mai loko mai, i kekahi hihia e hiolo ana ia ma muli o ke kaomi mai waho mai.

ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui no kēia maʻi?

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atelectasis inā:

• Inā ua hana ʻia ʻoe i ke ʻoki umauma a i ʻole ka ʻōpū: ʻO nā lāʻau anesthesia i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohiamoe iā ʻoe i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana hiki ke hoʻopāpā i kou hanu ʻana a ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e hiki ke hoʻopuka i ka mucus lawa. Hiki i kēia ke kumu e ālai ʻia ai kāu mau ʻeke ea.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e ālai ana i nā ala ea liʻiliʻi i loko o kou mau māmā: ʻO nā maʻi e like me ka hānō e pale aku i kou mau māmā mai ka hoʻonui pono ʻana.
• Inā he ʻeha kou umauma a he iwi ʻaoʻao haki paha: Paʻakikī paha iā ʻoe ke hanu hohonu ma muli o ka ʻeha nui.
• Inā he mea puhi paka ʻoe.

He aha nā ʻano nui o ka atelectasis?

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia kūlana i kekahi mau ʻano nui ma muli o ke ʻano o kona hanana ʻana. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou.

Eia kekahi, aia kekahi ʻano kūikawā i ʻike ʻia i nā pēpē i hānau mua ʻia a me nā poʻe maʻi me ka acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nele o kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo surfactant i loko o nā māmā.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi?

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, inā he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi wale nō o ka māmā e pili ana , ʻaʻohe hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, inā he ʻāpana nui o ka māmā e pili ana, hiki ke emi ka pae o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko (hypoxemia). Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana/pōkole o ka hanu (dyspnea)
• Kuke
• ʻEha umauma
• Hoʻonui ʻia ka hanu ʻana (tachypnea)
• ʻO ke kala ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili a me nā lehelehe

Nā kumu nui o ka atelectasis

E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, ʻo ke kumu maʻamau o kēia, ʻo ia ke ʻoki kino. No ka mea, ʻaʻole mākou e hanu hohonu ana ma muli o ka anesthesia a ʻaʻole mākou e ʻū pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mucus, hiki ke ālai ʻia nā ala ea i nā ʻeke ea a paʻa.

Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe:

• ʻO ka Mucus plug: He mea maʻamau kēia ʻano ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana, i nā poʻe maʻi hānō koʻikoʻi, a i nā keiki ʻōpio.
• Mea hanu ʻia: ʻO ka hanu ʻia ʻana o nā mea, e like me nā mea pāʻani a me ka meaʻai, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā keiki ʻōpio, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke alaea.
• ʻO ka effusion Pleural: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai.
• Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka ea a puni nā māmā (Pneumothorax).
• ʻO nā puʻupuʻu ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa (benign).
• Nā puʻupuʻu kanesa.
• Ka ʻeha o nā māmā.
• Nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe: Ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive mau loa (COPD), nā maʻi e like me ka pneumonia.

Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo mua e ʻike ai i kēia he X-ray umauma. Hiki i kēia ke ʻike maopopo i ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia o ka māmā. Inā pono, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi CT scan e ʻike hou aku i nā kikoʻī.

I kekahi manawa, inā he kānalua no kahi ālai ʻana i ke ala ea, e hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi me kahi kāmela i lalo o ka ʻāʻī e nānā i loko o nā māmā. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he bronchoscopy . I loko o kēia hoʻāʻo, hiki iā lākou ke wehe i kahi mea e ālai ana i ke ala ea, e like me kahi ʻāpana mucus.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka atelectasis e hoʻopau koke ʻia ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi lapaʻau, me ka ʻole o kekahi lāʻau kūikawā.

Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke kumu a me ka nui o ka pehu ʻana, pono paha nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.

• Nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa hanu hohonu: ʻOi aku ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "incentive spirometry".
• Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe nei i nā mea ālai: Ke wehe nei i ka mucus a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe ma o ka bronchoscopy.
• Hoʻōla kino: Nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa e kōkua ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā māmā.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hanu ʻia: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e wehe ai i nā ala ea (bronchodilators).
• Ke mālama ʻana i ke kūlana kumu: Inā ma muli kēia o ke kanesa a i ʻole kekahi maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe, e mālama i kēlā maʻi.

Hiki i ka atelectasis ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi kēia maʻi, i kekahi mau hihia hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia:

• Ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko (Hypoxemia):Ke pehu nā ʻeke ea, ʻaʻole hiki i ka oxygen ke hele i loko o ke koko.
• Pneumonia: Hiki i ka mucus ke paʻa i loko o nā alaloa, e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi.
• Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu: Hiki i kēia ke lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola inā hiolo kahi māmā holoʻokoʻa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kakaikahi loa kēia.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ke mālama ʻia ke kumu o ka atelectasis, e hoʻi hou ka māmā i ka maʻamau. Hoʻōla koke ka hapa nui o ka poʻe a ʻaʻohe hopena lōʻihi.