Ua loaʻa anei iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau pilikia ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana iā Ciguatera!

He meaʻai punahele ka iʻa iā kākou a pau, ʻoiai hoʻi ka iʻa ʻono i hopu ʻia ma ke kai o Sri Lanka. Akā i kekahi manawa, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻeha koke i ka ʻōpū, ka poniuniu, a me ka hāʻule ʻana. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ke kumu, hiki ke lilo i mea make iʻa weliweli. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi make iʻa he mea koʻikoʻi iki, akā he mea nui loa e ʻike. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Ciguatera.

He aha ʻo Ciguatera? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Ciguatera kahi ʻano lāʻau make meaʻai e hana ʻia ke ʻai mākou i ka iʻa i loaʻa kahi toxin i kapa ʻia ʻo Ciguatoxin . ʻO kēia Ciguatoxin kahi ʻano neurotoxin . ʻO ia hoʻi, pili pololei ia i ka hana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve .

E noʻonoʻo, ʻo kahi ʻano limu (algae) i kapa ʻia ʻo dinoflagellates (ʻoi aku ka ʻano ʻo 'Gambierdiscus toxicus') e ulu kokoke ana i nā koʻa i ke kai, he liʻiliʻi loa ia e ʻike ʻia me ka maka ʻōlohelohe, e hana ana i kēia mea ʻawahia i kapa ʻia ʻo ciguatoxin. A laila, ʻo nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e ʻai ana i kēia mau mea kanu e hōʻiliʻili i kēia mea ʻawahia i loko o ko lākou kino. A laila, ʻo nā iʻa nui e ʻai ana i kēlā mau iʻa liʻiliʻi - e like me ka grouper a me ka snapper a mākou e ʻai ai - e hōʻiliʻili i kēia mea ʻawahia i loko o ko lākou kino pū kekahi.

ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ʻaʻole nui ka pōʻino o kēia mau mea ʻawahia i ka iʻa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia inā ʻai mākou i kahi iʻa i loaʻa kēia ʻano mea ʻawahia. A laila hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia ʻaʻole wale i kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe , kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve , akā i kekahi mau hihia koʻikoʻi, kā mākou ʻōnaehana cardiovascular , ʻo ia hoʻi, ko mākou puʻuwai.

ʻAʻole maʻamau ka maʻi Ciguatera he maʻi e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​he mea nui loa ia e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia o ka haukapila (ER) . ʻO kēia wale nō ke ala e hoʻopaʻa ai i kou kūlana a pale i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Ma hea kahi i hōʻike pinepine ʻia ai kēia lāʻau make?

Hiki i kekahi kanaka ma ka honua ke loaʻa i kēia lāʻau make. ʻO ka mea nui, hana ʻia kēia ke ʻai ʻoe i nā iʻa ma nā wahi me nā koʻa pōhaku i loaʻa nā limu ʻawahia (Dinoflagellates) aʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua. Hoʻokomo pū kēia i nā wahi e like me ke Kai Caribbean a me ka Moana Pākīpika Hema. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, aia kēia pilikia ma waena o nā iʻa ma nā kai o South Florida, nā Bahamas, nā Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, a me Hawaiʻi.

Akā, ua laha nā iʻa i loaʻa ma nā wahi e like me kēia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. No laila, ma hea ʻoe e ʻai ai i ka iʻa, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ʻāina kai i loaʻa ai ka iʻa āu e ʻai ai. No ka mea, he mau koʻa koʻa ko mākou ma Sri Lanka, he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala i kēia.

He aha nā ʻano iʻa e loaʻa ai ka Ciguatoxin?

Hiki i nā ʻano iʻa nui ma mua o 400 e ʻai ana i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi ke loaʻa kēia ciguatoxin. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā ʻoe e ʻai i kekahi o kēia mau iʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kēia lāʻau make. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he mau iʻa nui kēia e noho kokoke ana i nā koʻa a ʻai i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, nā iʻa e like me nā moray eels, barracudas, a me nā amberjacks.

Eia kekahi o nā ʻano iʻa e hoʻoulu pinepine ai i ka lāʻau make ʻo Ciguatera:

• ʻAmeka
• ʻO Barracuda
• Pūʻulu
• Puaʻa Moray
• Iʻa manu ʻōʻō
• ʻIʻa ʻulaʻula
• ʻIʻa pāpaʻi
• ʻO ka makaleka Sepania
• ʻO Sturgeon
• Iʻa Kauka

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā he ciguatoxin ka iʻa?

ʻO ia ka pilikia. ʻAʻohe ala e ʻike pono ai ke ʻole ʻoe e hoʻāʻo iā ia ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, aia nā keʻena hoʻokolohua o ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA) e hoʻāʻo ana i kēia mau mea ʻawahia i loko o ka iʻa. Akā, ʻaʻole pono kēlā ke kuke ʻoe i ka iʻa ma ka home a i ʻole e ʻai ana i ka iʻa me kahi hoaaloha no ka ʻaina ahiahi.

ʻAʻole loli ka ʻala, ka ʻono, a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka iʻa i loaʻa ka Ciguatoxin ma kekahi ʻano. Ua like ia me nā iʻa maʻamau ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole e nalowale kēia mea ʻawaʻawa ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i loko o ka hau a i ʻole ka moʻa pono ʻana. ʻO ia kekahi o nā pilikia nui i ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau make iʻa Ciguatera. ʻO ka pilikia, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike i ke alo o kēia mea ʻawaʻawa me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua, a ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia ka mea ʻawaʻawa i ka wā e kuke ai.

Pehea ka maʻamau o Ciguatera?

ʻO kēia ka mea ʻawahia i hōʻike pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka iʻa. Ma kahi o ka hapalua haneli tausani (50,000) mau hihia i hōʻike ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, he mea hiki ke nui aku ka poʻe i mālama ʻia no kēia a ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia.

Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema e piʻi paha ka nui o nā maʻi Ciguatera me ka loli o ke aniau . ʻO kēia no ka mea ke hoʻonui nei ka loli o ke aniau i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā koʻa. ʻO ka limu i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Gambierdiscus toxicus' e hana ana i ka ciguatoxin e ulu maikaʻi ana ma kahi kokoke i nā koʻa make a make paha. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka ulu ʻana o kēia limu e nā kumu ʻē aʻe he nui, e like me ka mahana o ka wai, ka paʻakai, a me ka mālamalama. Ke noiʻi nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka lāʻau make iʻa Ciguatera?

Hoʻomaka pinepine nā hōʻailona i loko o ʻeono hola o ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa ʻawahia. I kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona i 30 mau minuke ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa, a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia a hiki i hoʻokahi lā.

ʻO nā hōʻailona nui kēia:

• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
• Ka maʻi ʻōpū (ʻeha ʻōpū)
• Manaʻo palaualelo a luhi hoʻi
• ʻEha poʻo
• ʻIke pōwehiwehi
• ʻO Hallucinations (ʻike ʻana i nā mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia)
• Pōʻino a me ka vertigo
• Ka hou nui
• ʻO ka maneʻo nui
• Manaʻo e like me ka ʻeha niho a i ʻole ka neʻe ʻana o ka niho
• He ʻono metala a wela i loko o ka waha
• ʻEha ʻiʻo, hono, a ʻeha ʻōpū paha
• ʻO ka numbness a i ʻole ke kani ʻana ma ka waha, nā manamana lima, a me nā manamana wāwae
• Ke manaʻo nei i nā mea wela e like me ke anu a me nā mea anu e like me ka wela (ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'Allodynia')

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau mea, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole i maʻamau iki:

• Ke anu nei, ke haʻalulu nei
• ʻO ka hōʻino ʻili
• Paralysis (nalowale o nā lālā)
• Ke kahe nei ka wai mai ka waha a me nā maka
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (Dyspnea)
• Ka lohi o ka puʻuwai (Bradycardia)
• Ke koko haʻahaʻa (Hypotension)

Inā ʻike ʻoe i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ia ʻano iʻa, pono ʻoe e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

No ke aha i loaʻa ai ʻo Ciguatera?

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Ciguatera e ke ʻano o ka pane ʻana o ko mākou kino i ka mea ʻawaʻawa aʻu i ʻōlelo ai , ʻo Ciguatoxin. Hoʻopuka ʻia kēia mea ʻawaʻawa e kahi ʻano limu. Ke neʻe nei kēia mea ʻawaʻawa i luna o ke kaulahao meaʻai - mai nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a i nā iʻa nui a laila i nā kānaka - lilo ia i mea ikaika a ʻoi aku ka ʻino. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā iʻa nui e ʻai ana i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi he nui loa ko lākou Ciguatoxin i loko o kā lākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. Hiki i kēia mea ʻawaʻawa ke kiʻekiʻe loa i loko o ke poʻo o ka iʻa, nā ʻōpū, ke akepaʻa a me nā hua manu .

Ke ʻai ʻoe i kahi iʻa ʻawahia, ua hōʻike ʻia kou ʻōnaehana nerve i ka lāʻau ʻawahia. Hoʻololi ia i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kou mau aʻalolo. ʻO ka hopena, ʻike ʻoe i kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Nā mea e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe (e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana)
• Nā mea e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve (e like me ka numbness, ke kani ʻana, ka ʻeha)
• ʻŌnaehana cardiovascular (e like me ka lohi o ka puʻuwai)

Pehea e laha ai kēia?

E loaʻa wale iā ʻoe ʻo Ciguatera inā ʻoe e ʻai i nā iʻa ʻawahia.

Akā, hoʻokahi mea. Ua hōʻike mai kekahi mau makuahine hānai waiū i loaʻa iā Ciguatera ua loaʻa i kā lākou mau pēpē nā hōʻailona e like me ka maʻi diarrhea a me nā ʻulaʻula ʻili . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka toxin i ka pēpē ma o ka hānai waiū. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hānai waiū a hiki i kou hoʻōla ʻana mai kēia maʻi.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana o Ciguatera?

Inā nui kou luaʻi ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke maloʻo loa . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole lawa ka wai o kou kino. Pono paha ʻoe e hāʻawi ʻia i ka saline (IV fluids) i loko o ka lumi pilikia (ETU) e hoʻopiha hou i nā wai o kou kino. ʻO nā pilikia e hoʻoweliweli nei i ke ola e komo pū me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai.ʻAe. ʻOiai ʻaʻole make ʻo Ciguatera i ka maʻi maʻamau, he mea nui e hele koke i ka lumi pilikia e pale aku i kēia mau pilikia koʻikoʻi.

Pehea e ʻike ai iā Ciguatera?

ʻO ke ala wale nō e ʻike pono ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo Ciguatera, ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka iʻa āu i ʻai ai i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai inā loaʻa ka mea ʻawahia. Akā, ʻaʻohe manawa no kēlā ke hele ʻoe i ka lumi pilikia.

No laila, e nānā ke kauka a kahu maʻi paha iā ʻoe ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona a inā paha ua ʻai koke ʻoe i kahi ʻano iʻa kiʻekiʻe .

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no Ciguatera?

ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no kēia mea ʻawaʻawa, no laila ke kumu nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.

He aha kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?

Hiki ke hana i kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau:

• Lanahu hoʻāla: Inā ʻoe i ʻai i ka iʻa i loko o ʻehā hola, a ʻaʻole ʻoe i pilikia o ka maloʻo ʻana, hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lanahu hoʻāla e hoʻoulu ai i ka luaʻi. Hiki paha i kēia ke hōʻemi i ka omo ʻana o kekahi o nā mea ʻawahia.
• ʻO nā diuretics Osmotic: Kōkua kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka wai i loko o kou kino a kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve. Inā paʻa kou kūlana a ʻaʻole ʻoe i ka pilikia o ka dehydration, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Mannitol (Osmitrol®) ma o kahi laina saline (IV) e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona.
• Nā lāʻau ʻeha: Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe ʻo Gabapentin a i ʻole Amitriptyline e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha o ke aʻalolo. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hōʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka maneʻo nui. No ka ʻeha maʻamau, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā ʻoe kahi lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAID) a i ʻole acetaminophen (Tylenol®) .

He aha nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu e pono iaʻu e hōʻalo ma hope o ka mālama ʻana?

Aia kekahi mau meaʻai e hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi mai i nā hōʻailona i ka poʻe i hoʻōla ʻia mai Ciguatera. No laila, e aʻo aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pale i kēia mau meaʻai.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i kēia mau mea no ʻeono mahina ma ka liʻiliʻi :

• ʻO ka waiʻona (hoʻonui kēia i ka pilikia o nā hōʻailona pili i ka puʻuwai).
• Iʻa (ʻoiai nā iʻa ʻawaʻawa ʻole).
• Nā nati.
• Nā ʻano hua.

Pehea ka wikiwiki o koʻu ho'ōla ʻana ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

No ka hapa nui o nā kānaka, e emi ana nā hōʻailona i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule . Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā hōʻailona ke mau no nā mahina, a kākaʻikahi hoʻi nā makahiki. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo Ciguatera?

E ola maikaʻi ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loko o kekahi mau pule. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hala nā mahina, a hiki i nā makahiki, no ka nalowale loa ʻana o nā hōʻailona āpau o ka ʻōnaehana nerve. Inā ʻoe e pale i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu (e like me ka waiʻona) e hiki ke hoʻoulu i kēlā mau hōʻailona, ​​e ola loa ʻoe.

He haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka make ʻana mai ka lāʻau make ʻo Ciguatera - ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o 1,000. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā make ma muli o nā pilikia e pili ana i ka puʻuwai a me nā māmā. Hiki ke pale ʻia kēlā mau pilikia inā ʻoe e hele koke i kahi lumi pilikia.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka lāʻau make iʻa Ciguatera?

ʻO ke ala wale nō e pale aku ai iā Ciguatera, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana i nā iʻa i loaʻa ka toxin. ʻO ka pilikia, ʻaʻohe ala e ʻike ai inā loaʻa i kahi iʻa kikoʻī kēia toxin me ka hoʻāʻo ʻole ʻana i loko o kahi lab.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia ma ka pale ʻana i nā iʻa i loaʻa kokoke i nā koʻapapa, kahi i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o Ciguatera. Inā ʻai ʻoe i ia ʻano iʻa, e hōʻoia e pale i nā ʻāpana i loaʻa ka mea ʻawahia - ke poʻo, nā ʻōpū, ke akepaʻa, a me nā hua manu.

Āhea wau e hele koke ai i ka haukapila (ETU) ?

Inā ua ʻai koke ʻoe i nā iʻa mai nā wai wela a me nā wai subtropical a ke ʻike nei ʻoe i kekahi o nā hōʻailona o Ciguatera, e hele koke i kahi lumi pilikia (ETU) . ʻO ka hana wikiwiki ʻana hiki ke pale i nā pilikia e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i ke kauka?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kauka, he mea maikaʻi ke nīnau i kēia mau nīnau:

• He aha ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e pono ai iaʻu e kāohi i koʻu mau hōʻailona?
• Ke ho'ōla hou au, ehia pinepine e nānā ʻia ai au?
• He aha nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu e pono iaʻu e hōʻalo i nā lā/pule/mahina e hiki mai ana?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke noho olakino a ʻeleu hoʻi i ka wā e hoʻōla ana mai kēia lāʻau make meaʻai?
• Pono anei wau e pale loa i ka ʻai ʻana i nā iʻa koʻa i ka wā e hiki mai ana?

Leka Lawe-Home

He maʻi ʻo Ciguatera e hiki ke hoʻouna iā ʻoe i ka haukapila ma hope koke iho o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi iʻa ʻono. ʻO ke ala wale nō e pale aku ai - ʻo ia hoʻi ke hoʻōki loa i ka ʻai ʻana i nā iʻa wela - hiki ke paʻakikī iki no ka mea ʻo ia hoʻi ke haʻalele ʻana i kāu meaʻai punahele. ʻAʻole nā ​​​​​​mea ʻawaʻawa a pau a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​iʻa pōhaku āu e ʻai ai i loaʻa kēia mea ʻawaʻawa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e ʻike i nā hōʻailona āu e ʻike koke ai i ke kauka.

Inā ʻoe e ʻai i kekahi o kēlā mau iʻa weliweli a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka nāwaliwali, ka mae ʻana, ka ʻūlū ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona neurological ʻē aʻe, e hele koke i kahi lumi pilikia (ETU) . ʻO ia ka mea maikaʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana.

`Ciguatera, lāʻau make iʻa, ciguatoxin, lāʻau make meaʻai, neurotoxin, iʻa koʻa, nā hōʻailona