Pehea lā e hiki ai iā kākou ke kōkua i kekahi me ka maʻi diabetes inā loaʻa iā lākou kahi pilikia? (Diabetic Emergency)

He ʻohana a he hoaaloha paha kou i loaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes? Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kahi kūlana pilikia kahi e hāʻule koke ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko o kekahi i lalo loa a i ʻole kiʻekiʻe loa? ʻAʻole paha hiki iā lākou ke mālama iā lākou iho i kēia manawa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ko lākou ola. No laila, inā he maʻi diabetes kekahi āu i ʻike ai, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me lākou e pili ana i ka mea e hana ai i ka wā pilikia.

He aha ka pilikia maʻi diabetes?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka pilikia maʻi diabetes ka wā e loaʻa ai i kahi kanaka me ka maʻi diabetes kahi pae kō koko haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe paha. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻElua ʻano nui o kēia mau maʻi.

Hiki i kēlā mau loli nui i nā pae kō koko ke loaʻa ka hopena nui i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ko mākou kino, a no laila e pono ai ke kōkua koke ʻia e ke kauka.

Pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kō koko haʻahaʻa - "Insulin shock"

He kūlana kēia i kapa ʻia ʻo hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi. ʻO kēia ka wā e hāʻule ai nā pae kō koko i kahi pae haʻahaʻa loa, ma lalo o 60 mg/dL. ʻOiai ua kapa ʻia ʻo "insulin shock," hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻaʻole wale i ka poʻe e lawe ana i ka insulin, akā i ka poʻe e lawe ana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes (e.g., sulfonylureas).

No ke aha he pilikia kēia?

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, pono ko kākou lolo i ka glucose (kōpaʻa) e hana. Ke hāʻule haʻahaʻa loa nā pae kōpaʻa, ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke noʻonoʻo pono a hiki iā kākou ke hemo. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā kākou ke mālama i kēia maʻi ma o kākou iho. Inā ʻaʻohe o kākou mea e kōkua, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka make.

Nā kumu no ke kō haʻahaʻa

• Ke hōʻalo nei i kahi ʻai.
• Hoʻoikaika kino ʻoi aku ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai.
• Ke lawe nui nei i ka insulin, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono ʻole, a i ʻole ke inikini pono ʻole ʻana.
• Ke lawe nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi diabetes i kūpono ʻole.

Nā hōʻailona o ke kō haʻahaʻa

Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo mua i ka haʻalulu a me ka pōloli. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i ke kūlana ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino a alakaʻi i kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Ka huikau.
• ʻIke pōwehiwehi.
• Ka nāwaliwali nui.
• Nā ʻōʻili.
• Ke hemo nei.
• Koma.

Pehea ʻoe e kōkua ai i kekahi me ke kō koko haʻahaʻa?

Inā loaʻa i kekahi kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​e haʻi iā lākou e nānā i ko lākou pae kō koko. A laila, e kōkua iā lākou e hahai i ke kānāwai "15/15."

1. E hāʻawi i 15 grams o nā kalapona hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia:

• 3-4 papa glucose.
• 120 mililita (ma kahi o ka hapalua kīʻaha) o ka wai huaʻai a i ʻole kahi mea inu kō (soda maʻamau).
• He punetune o ka meli a i ʻole ke kō.

2. E kali i 15 mau minuke: A laila e nānā hou i kou kō koko. Inā haʻahaʻa mau, e hāʻawi hou i kahi ʻāpana kalapona 15-gram.

Nā pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ka piʻi ʻole ʻana o ke kō koko ke alakaʻi i ʻelua mau pilikia koʻikoʻi.

1. Ketoacidosis Diabetic (DKA)

Ke ʻaʻole lawa ka insulin e hoʻohana i ka glucose (kō) no ka ikehu, hoʻomaka ko mākou kino e puhi i ka momona no ka ikehu. Hoʻopuka kēia kaʻina hana i nā kemika i kapa ʻia he ketones . Ke hōʻiliʻili kēia mau ketones i loko o ke koko, lilo ke koko i waikawa a hiki ke lilo i mea ʻawahia i ke kino. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo DKA. He pilikia kēia e kū pinepine ana i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 1, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke kū i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a me ka maʻi diabetes gestational.

No ke aha he pilikia ʻo DKA?

He kūlana hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola. ʻO DKA kekahi kumu nui o ka make, ʻoi aku hoʻi i waena o nā keiki me ka maʻi diabetes.

Nā kumu o DKA:

• Nā pilikia insulin: nā lāʻau insulin i hala ʻole, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka insulin i pau ka manawa, nā hana hewa o ka pamu insulin.
• Maʻi: Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi a me nā kūlana olakino ke hana iā DKA.
• Kaumaha: Ke kaumaha nui o ka noʻonoʻo, nā kūlana e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Pehea e kōkua ai i ka wā o DKA?

Inā loaʻa i kekahi nā hōʻailona mua, e noi iā lākou e nānā i ko lākou pae ketone mimi me kahi "ketone test kit." Inā kiʻekiʻe nā pae ketone, pono lākou e kāhea koke i kā lākou kauka. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā lākou nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, pono e lawe koke ʻia lākou i ka lumi pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU).

2. ʻO ka maʻi hyperosmolar hyperglycemic (HHS)

Hana ʻia kēia ke piʻi aʻe nā pae kō koko ma luna o 600 mg/dL a noho mau i kēlā pae no nā lā a i ʻole nā ​​pule. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka maloʻo nui a hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

• He mea maʻamau ka HHS i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes Type 2.
• ʻAʻole ia e ulu koke e like me DKA, ulu mālie ia i loko o kekahi mau lā.
• I loko o HHS, ʻaʻole hōʻiliʻili nā ketones i loko o ke koko e like me DKA.

Nā kumu o HHS:

• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes type 2 i kāohi pono ʻole ʻia.
• Nā maʻi e like me ka pneumonia a me nā maʻi ʻōpū mimi.
• Nā kūlana e like me nā hōʻeha puʻuwai a me nā hahau.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā hōʻailona o HHS:

Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me ka waha maloʻo, ka make wai nui, ka mimi pinepine, ke kuni, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki, ka huikau, nā loli i ka ʻōlelo, ka nāwaliwali ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino, a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike.

Pehea e hiki ai i ka HHS ke kōkua i kēia kūlana?

E kāhea koke aku i kā lākou kauka. A laila e lawe koke iā lākou i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila.

Koma maʻi diabetes

ʻO kēia ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa o ka pilikia maʻi diabetes. He kūlana lōʻihi o ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pae kō koko kiʻekiʻe loa (ma muli o DKA a i ʻole HHS) a haʻahaʻa loa paha (ma muli o ka hypoglycemia koʻikoʻi) a waiho ʻole ʻia me ka mālama ʻole. ʻAʻole e pane ka mea i loko o ka coma i ka ʻōlelo a i ʻole ka hoʻopā ʻana.

Pehea ʻoe e kōkua ai i kekahi i loko o ka coma diabetic?

Inā ʻike ʻole ka mea maʻi diabetes a pane ʻole, hiki ke lilo i diabetic coma.

• E kelepona koke i ka helu 1990 a i ʻole kahi helu lawelawe ulia pōpilikia.
• E hahai i nā kuhikuhi i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea kelepona.
• Mai hoʻokomo i kekahi mea i loko o kou waha (wai, wai kō) me ka manaʻo he haʻahaʻa paha kāu kō. Hiki i kēia ke kumu o ka ʻū ʻana.
• Inā luaʻi ke kanaka, e hoʻohuli iā ia ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao e pale ai i ka ʻū ʻia.

Pahu Hoʻopilikia no ka maʻi diabetes

ʻO ka mākaukau no kahi pilikia hiki ke hoʻopakele i kou ola a i ke ola paha o kahi āu e aloha ai. E mālama i kēia mau mea kokoke i ka lima, a e hōʻoia i ka ʻike o nā mea a pau o kou home i ko lākou wahi.

• ʻInisulina: Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka ʻinisulina, e mālama mau i kahi lako hou i pau ʻole ka lā.
• Nā mea e hāʻawi ai i ka wā e haʻahaʻa ai ke kō: wai huaʻai, nā mea inu kō, a i ʻole nā ​​papa glucose.
• Pahu Glucagon: No ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko inā nalowale kou ʻike. Inā ʻoe e mālama ana i kahi maʻi diabetes, e ʻike pehea e hoʻohana ai i kēia.
• Pahu hoʻāʻo Ketone: No ka hoʻāʻo ʻana inā kānalua ʻia ka DKA.
• He kūpeʻe lima makaʻala lapaʻau: Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike ʻana iā ʻoe he maʻi diabetes i ka wā o kahi pilikia.
• ʻIke piha e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai: Aia kekahi mau `polokalamu` kelepona no kēia i kēia manawa.