E noʻonoʻo i kāu keiki liʻiliʻi e pāʻani maikaʻi ana a pilikia koke i ka hanu ʻana, hoʻomaka ka lawai e puka mai ana mai kona waha, a loli kona leo ke ʻōlelo ʻo ia. A i ʻole he ʻeha nui ka puʻu o kahi pākeke no ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lā a ʻaʻole hiki ke hanu. ʻAʻole loa kēia he mea e hoʻohenehene ʻia. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano pilikia weliweli e kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo Epiglottitis. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, no laila e makaʻala kākou i kēia.
He aha ka Epiglottitis? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, aia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke cartilage i loko o ko kākou puʻu, ma hope pono o ke alelo. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei i ka epiglottis ma ke ʻano lapaʻau. ʻO kāna hana nui ka pale ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu mai ke komo pololei ʻana i loko o ko kākou windpipe (trachea) a i loko o ko kākou esophagus. Hana ia e like me ka lever e hoʻololi i nā ala ma ke alanui.
No laila, ʻo ka Epiglottitis ka wā e pehu koke ai ka epiglottis, ʻulaʻula, a mumū, ma muli paha o kahi maʻi a i ʻole kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe.
I kēia manawa, e noʻonoʻo, he aha ka mea e hana ai inā pehu kēia ʻaoʻao ma luna o ke ala ea? Ua paʻa loa ke ala ea, ʻo ka trachea . A laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu. ʻOiai he haiki loa nā ala ea o nā keiki liʻiliʻi, he mea weliweli loa kēia pehu no lākou. ʻO ia ke kumu i manaʻo ʻia ai he pilikia olakino.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, mai noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻolapalapa ʻana i nā lau coriander ma ka home a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau home ʻē aʻe. Pono ʻoe e lawe i ke kanaka i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila i ka hikiwawe loa.
Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano?
ʻAʻole maʻi maʻamau ka Epiglottitis, akā hiki ke loaʻa i nā kānaka o kēlā me kēia makahiki.
I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o 1985, ua loaʻa pinepine kēia maʻi i nā keiki ma waena o 3 a me 5 mau makahiki. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka bacteria Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) . Akā i kēia manawa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau pale Hib i loko o ka papahana lāʻau pale aupuni i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki i ka wā ʻōpiopio ma ko mākou ʻāina. E hoʻomanaʻo paha ʻoe i ka lāʻau pale pentavalent i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki i ka 2, 4, a me 6 mahina. Hāʻawi pū kēlā i ka pale ʻana i kēia maʻi Hib. ʻO ia ke kumu i ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia ai kēia maʻi i waena o nā keiki.
Akā, he mea kupanaha, ke ʻike pinepine ʻia nei kēia ʻano maʻi i waena o nā pākeke. ʻAʻole ia i hana ʻia e ka bacteria Hib, akā, e nā ʻano bacteria ʻē aʻe, e like me Streptococcus pneumoniae a me Staphylococcus .
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka epiglottitis? Pehea e hoʻopau ai?
Hiki koke mai kēia mau hōʻailona a hiki ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi koke i loko o kekahi mau hola. Hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ke loaʻa i kēia mau hōʻailona me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻo no ka mea ua haiki loa ko lākou mau ala ea. Loaʻa paha i nā pākeke nā hōʻailona e mau ana no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā, e like me ka ʻeha o ka puʻu, a laila lilo i mea koʻikoʻi.
Aia he 4 mau hōʻailona nui a nā kauka e hoʻohana ai e ʻike i kēia maʻi. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea ʻo "4 D".
| ʻO ka hōʻailona "D" | ʻO ke ʻano maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Dysphagia | Paʻakikī ke ale ʻana: ʻAʻole like kēia me ka ʻeha puʻu maʻamau. He ʻeha loa ia a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ale i kahi kulu o ka lawai. |
| Dysphonia | Nā loli o ka leo: Lilo ka leo i ka leo hāwanawana, a palupalu loa paha, e like me ka ʻōlelo ʻana me ka hāwanawana. Kapa kekahi poʻe i kēia he "leo ʻuala wela," me he mea lā e ʻōlelo ana ʻoe me ka ʻuala wela i loko o kou waha. |
| Ka waimaka | Kahe ʻana o ka wai: ʻO ka ʻeha nui o ka puʻu e hiki ʻole ai ke ale i ka lawai, no laila e puka hewa ana ka lawai mai ka waha. |
| Ka pilikia | Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana: Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana, manaʻo ua pio ka hanu. Huki ka umauma i loko i ka wā e hanu ana. Me he mea lā ua hopohopo loa ka mea maʻi. |
Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona nui, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe:
- He ʻeha puʻu koʻikoʻi i hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo ʻia.
- Ke kuni ma luna o 38 kekelē Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit).
- Lohe ʻia kahi leo haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka 'whoosh', i ka wā e hanu ana.
- ʻO nā keiki ʻōpio, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ke hāmama nei ko lākou waha, kūlou i mua, a kau i ko lākou mau lima ma luna o ko lākou mau kuli e kōkua iā lākou e hanu. Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻo ke 'kūlana tripod'. He ʻano koʻikoʻi loa kēia.
- Ua hoʻomaha loa a piʻoloke ke keiki.
Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke like me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka croup. Eia nō naʻe, pili pinepine ka croup i ka ʻū, a ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi mau ka croup. No laila, he mea nui e ʻike koke i ke kauka e hoʻokaʻawale pono a mālama i nā mea ʻelua.
He aha ke kumu o ka epiglottitis?
ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia ka maʻi bacteria, akā aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe.
- Nā maʻi bacteria: E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma mua, hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā bacteria Hib i nā keiki, a me nā ʻano bacteria ʻē aʻe i nā pākeke.
- Nā maʻi viral: I kekahi manawa, ke loaʻa iā mākou nā maʻi viral e like me ka chickenpox (varicella-zoster virus) a me ka herpes (herpes simplex virus), ua nāwaliwali ko mākou palekana a hiki i kahi maʻi bacteria ke komo maʻalahi ma o ia mea.
- Nā maʻi fungal: ʻO ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali loa (e laʻa, ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV, nā poʻe maʻi e mālama ʻia ana i ka maʻi kanesa) ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi ma muli o nā maʻi fungal e like me Candida.
- Ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻāʻī: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano ma muli o ka hahau ikaika ʻana i ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻū ʻana i kahi mea ʻoi (e like me ka iwi iʻa), a i ʻole ka inu koke ʻana i kahi wai wela loa, e like me ke kīʻaha kī.
- Puhipaka: ʻO ka puhipaka mau ʻana, ka vaping, a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi lāʻau e like me ka cocaine crack hiki ke lilo i kumu.
- Nā Kemika: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻano ma hope o ka inu ʻana i kahi kemika ʻawahia (e laʻa, waikawa) e puhi ai i ka ʻāʻī.
He maʻi laha kēia?
ʻAʻole laha pololei ka epiglottitis mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke laha ka bacteria a i ʻole ka virus e hoʻoulu ai. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā germs ma o nā kulu liʻiliʻi e komo i ka lewa ke ʻū a ʻūhā paha kekahi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i nā germs ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka epiglottitis. Hana wale ia inā komo nā germs i loko o kāu epiglottis a hoʻoulu i kahi maʻi.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai ka ʻike ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ma ka haukapila?
ʻOiai he pilikia kēia, ʻo ka mea mua a nā kauka e hana ai ke lawe ʻia ʻoe i ka ETU , ʻo ia ke hoʻopaʻa i kou hanu ʻana ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi. No ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻopakele ʻana i kou ola ka mea nui. Ke paʻa kou hanu ʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua aʻe e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana:
- Ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka ʻāʻī: Hoʻohana ke kauka loea i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi me kahi kāmela (laryngoscopy) e nānā i loko o ka ʻāʻī a nānā pololei no ka pehu ʻana o ka epiglottis.
- Nā hoʻāʻo X-ray:Ma kahi X-ray o ka ʻāʻī, ua like ka epiglottis pehu me kahi hōʻailona o ka manamana nui .
- Nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka ʻāʻī puʻu: Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo koko e nānā i ka maʻi i loko o ke kino. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi ʻāʻī puʻu i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e ʻike i ka bacteria a i ʻole ka virus e hoʻokumu ana i ka maʻi.
ʻEkolu mau ʻanuʻu nui e hahai ʻia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.
| Nā ʻanuʻu lapaʻau | He aha ka mea e hana ʻia nei |
|---|---|
| 1. Ke hoʻopaʻa nei i ke ala ea | ʻO ka mea mua, e kau ʻia kahi pale maka oxygen a hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen hou. Inā paʻa loa ke ala ea, e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu ma o ka waha i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu (intubation) me ke kōkua o kahi anesthesiologist. Inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia i loko o kahi pilikia, hana ʻia kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻāʻī a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he tracheostomy. Akā, ʻaʻole pono pinepine kēia. |
| 2. Ke hāʻawi ʻana i ka saline a me nā wai | Hiki i ke kuni a me ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. I mea e pale aku ai i kēia, hāʻawi ʻia ka saline i loko o kahi aʻa (IV drip). |
| 3. Nā lāʻau antibiotic | ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, he maʻi bacteria, no laila ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā antibiotic kūpono i loko o ke aʻa. Ma muli o nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kūpono no ka bacteria pololei i hoʻokumu i ka maʻi. |
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ho'ōla ai a pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale iaʻu iho?
ʻO ka maʻamau, he hoʻokahi pule ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla piha ai. Pono ʻoe e noho ma ka haukapila no ʻekolu a ʻelima mau lā. Inā paha e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole e kōkua i ka hanu ʻana, e wehe ʻia ia ma hope o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lā ke emi ka pehu a hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu iā ʻoe iho.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i ka papa holoʻokoʻa o nā lāʻau antibiotic i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka (ʻo ka maʻamau he 7 lā). ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana iā lākou i ka hapalua no ka mea ua emi ka ʻeha. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hiki ai ke hoʻi hou mai ka maʻi.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale piha iā ʻoe iho mai kēia ʻano, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia mau mea e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia:
- Ka Pale ʻana: E hōʻoia i loaʻa i kāu keiki ka pale ʻelima ʻāpana, me ka pale ʻana iā Hib, i ka manawa kūpono. ʻO ia ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i nā keiki.
- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi: E holoi pono i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai i nā manawa a pau. E pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana i kou mau maka, ihu, a me ka waha me ke kumu ʻole.
- E pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi: E noho mamao loa aku mai ka poʻe e ʻū ana a e kihe ana.
- Ke pale ʻana i nā mea e hōʻino ai i kou puʻu: E pale i nā mea e hōʻino ai i kou puʻu, e like me ka inu ʻana i nā mea wela loa a me ka puhipaka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He pilikia olakino hoʻoweliweli ka Epiglottitis kahi e pehu koke ai ka epiglottis, kahi ʻāpana o ka puʻu, a ālai i ka hanu ʻana.
- ʻO ka paʻakikī i ke ale ʻana, ka loli ʻana o ka leo, ka kuha ʻana i ka wai, a me ka paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana nā hōʻailona nui.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, e lawe koke i ka mea maʻi i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila. Mai ho'āʻo e mālama ma ka home.
- Ua pale nui ka lāʻau pale Hib i hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki i ka hiki ʻana mai o kēia maʻi i waena o nā keiki.
- ʻOiai ke koʻikoʻi o kēia maʻi, hoʻōla piha ka hapa nui o ka poʻe inā loaʻa iā lākou ka lāʻau kūpono i ka manawa kūpono . ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka hana wikiwiki.
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