ʻOiai ke nui o ko kākou mālama ʻana i ko kākou mau maka, hopohopo mākou ke pohihihi iki ko kākou ʻike a ʻulaʻula paha ko kākou mau maka. Akā, ua manaʻo anei ʻoe e hiki ke ulu ka maʻi kanesa i loko o ka maka? ʻAe, he ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻOiai he mea kakaikahi loa kēia, he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala. No laila, mai hopohopo, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa maka, he aha kona mau hōʻailona, a he aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka?
ʻO ke kanesa maka ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa i loko o kou maka, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka maka a me nā wahi e pili ana. ʻO ka maʻamau, māhele nā hunaola i loko o ko kākou kino a ulu ma ke ʻano i kāohi ʻia. Akā i loko o ke kanesa, hoʻomaka kēia mau hunaola e māhele koke a ulu pū me ke kāohi ʻole ʻia, e hana ana i kahi puʻupuʻu.
ʻElua ʻano o kēia mau nati:
- ʻAno maikaʻi: ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi kanesa. Hoʻokumu lākou ma kahi hoʻokahi a noho ma laila, a ʻaʻole e laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻino: ʻO kēia nā mea a mākou e kapa nei he maʻi kanesa. Hiki i kēia mau puʻupuʻu ke ulu a laha (metastasize) i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka i ka wā mua, nui ka manawa kūpono e pale aku ai i kona laha ʻana a me ka hoʻōla ʻana.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai maka?
ʻAe, aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai maka. Hoʻokaʻawale nā kauka iā lākou ma muli o kahi e hoʻomaka ai ke kanesa, kahi o ka maka, a me ke ʻano o nā cell. E nānā kākou i nā ʻano nui.
Nā Melanoma Intraocular
ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka i nā pākeke. Hoʻomohala ia mai nā pūnaewele i kapa ʻia ʻo melanocytes, nāna e hāʻawi i ko mākou ʻili i kona kala. E like me ka melanoma, ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili, ulu pinepine ia ma ka papa waena o ka maka (uvea).
- ʻO Iris Melanoma: Loaʻa kēia ma ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka iris. He wahi hou paha kēia ma ka ʻāpana kala o ka maka e ulu mālie ana. Ulu mālie kēia mau mea.
- ʻO ka Ciliary Body Melanoma: Hoʻomaka kēia i loko o nā ʻiʻo e hoʻoneʻe i ka lens o ka maka e hoʻoponopono no ka ʻike kokoke a mamao.
- ʻO Choroidal Melanoma: Hoʻomohala kēia i loko o ka papa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka retina a me ke alo o ka maka. ʻO ka melanoma o ka maka e ulu pinepine ana ma kēia wahi.
- ʻO ka Conjunctival Melanoma: He ʻano melanoma e ulu ana i loko o ka membrane lahilahi e uhi ana i ke keʻokeʻo o ka maka. He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia.
Ka maʻi ʻili maka a me ka maʻi Orbital
Hoʻomohala kēia i loko o nā ʻiʻo kokoke i ka maka, e like me nā lihilihi, nā ʻōpū waimaka, a me nā ʻiʻo e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka maka.
- ʻO ka maʻi kanesa cell squamous: Hoʻomohala ʻia mai nā pūnaewele ma luna o ka ʻili.
- ʻO ka maʻi kanesa pūnaewele basal:Hoʻomohala ia mai nā pūnaewele basal ma ka piko o ka ʻili.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma: Hoʻokumu ʻia i loko o nā ʻiʻo.
ʻO ka Retinoblastoma
He maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e ulu ana ma ka retina ma ke kua o ka maka. ʻO ia ka mea maʻamau i nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki .
ʻO ka Lymphoma Intraocular
He maʻi ʻaʻai laha ʻole kēia e ulu ana i loko o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo lymphocytes. ʻOi aku ka pilikia o ka poʻe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki a me ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka i kekahi mau hōʻailona i nā pae mua. ʻIke wale ʻia nā hōʻailona ke ulu iki ka puʻupuʻu a ke hoʻopilikia nei i ka hana o ka maka. Akā, mai makaʻu ʻoe he maʻi ʻaʻai kou no ka mea he mau hōʻailona kēia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona i nā maʻi maka liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i ke kauka inā manaʻo ʻoe i kekahi mea e like me kēia.
| ʻAno o ka hōʻailona | Nā mea e ʻike ai |
|---|---|
| Nā pilikia ʻike |
|
| Nā loli i ke ʻano o ka maka |
Ua ʻike mua ka poʻe he nui he maʻi ʻaʻai maka ko lākou i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo maka maʻamau. Inā ʻike ke kauka i kahi mea kānalua i ka wā e nānā ana i ka maka, hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi i ka mea maʻi no ka hoʻāʻo hou aku.
He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka?
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa ke kumu kikoʻī, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi e hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka.
- Makahiki: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke ʻano a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua, ʻo "Retinoblastoma," aia wale nō i nā keiki ʻōpio.
- Kala ʻili: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ka ʻili keʻokeʻo.
- Kala maka: ʻO ka poʻe me nā maka māmā, e like me ka uliuli a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia ma mua o ka poʻe me nā maka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
- Nā kūlana hoʻoilina: Hiki i kekahi mau kūlana genetic ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia.
- Ka Lā: Aia kekahi mau hōʻike e hiki i ka hoʻolaha pinepine ʻana i nā kukuna ultraviolet (UV) o ka lā ke loaʻa kekahi hopena, akā ke hana ʻia nei ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia.
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona, e hoʻouna ʻia ʻoe i kahi kauka maka. E hana ʻo ia i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e kāpae i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana inā he maʻi kanesa kou.
1. Hoʻokolohua Maka
E nānā pono ke kauka i kou mau maka. E ʻimi ʻo ia i nā kiko ʻeleʻele hou a me nā kīʻaha koko pehu. E hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā lako kūikawā no kēia.
- ʻOphthalmoscope: He mea hana me ke kukui i hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i nā ʻāpana o ke kua o ka maka, e like me ka retina.
- Ke kukui ʻoki: He mea hana e like me ka microscope e hoʻonui a nānā pono i nā ʻaoʻao mua a me hope o ka maka.
2. Nā scan (kiʻi)
Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia ke kanesa ma o nā hoʻokolohua maka a me nā scan.
- Ultrasound: Hoʻohana i nā nalu kani e hana i nā kiʻi i loko o ka maka. Hiki ke hoʻoholo pololei ʻia ka nui a me kahi o ka puʻupuʻu.
- ʻO ka angiography Fluorescein: Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kala kūikawā i loko o nā kīʻaha koko e nānā i ke kahe o ke koko i loko o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka maka.
Inā he kānalua ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ma waho o ka maka, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e like me CT scans , MRI scans , a me PET scans .
3. Biopsy
ʻO kēia ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻiʻo mai ka puʻupuʻu a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau hunaola kanesa. Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi i ka nui o ka ʻike, e like me ke ʻano o ke kanesa a me kona mau loli genetic. He mea nui loa kēia ʻike no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ke kanesa?
Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ke kanesa, kona nui, pehea ka mamao o kona laha ʻana, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Inā he puʻupuʻu ulu lohi, e hoʻoholo paha kāu kauka e nānā iā ia no kekahi manawa ma mua o ka mālama koke ʻana.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano lapaʻau nui:
Hoʻōla Pāhawewe
He lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau kēia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka.
- Brachytherapy: ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana i kahi disk liʻiliʻi me kahi mea radioactive kokoke i ka puʻupuʻu ma ke ʻoki. Hoʻopau ka radiation i hoʻopuka ʻia mai kēia disk i nā hunaola kanesa.
- ʻO ka Lapaʻau Radiation Beam Waho (EBRT): Hāʻawi kahi mīkini ma waho o ke kino i ka radiation i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka puʻupuʻu.
ʻoki kino
ʻO ke ʻoki kino ke koho maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai no nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole e pālahalaha ana.
- Iridectomy: Wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka iris.
- Iridocyclectomy: Wehe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ka iris a me ke kino ciliary.
- Enucleation: Inā nui ka puʻupuʻu a inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopakele i ka ʻike, pono paha e wehe ʻia ka maka holoʻokoʻa. He mea ʻeha paha kēia ke lohe, akā pono paha e hoʻopakele i ke ola. Ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi maka hana e kūlike me ka maka ʻē aʻe.
- Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka maka: Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā ʻiʻo a puni ka maka, pono e wehe ʻia ka maka a me kekahi o nā ʻiʻo a puni.
Hoʻōla Laser
Hoʻohana ka lāʻau lapaʻau laser i ka wela mai nā kukuna laser e luku i nā hunaola kanesa. I kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia ia e pale aku i ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ke kanesa ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau radiation.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe
Inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa a ʻaʻole paha e pane ana i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā lāʻau e like me ka immunotherapy , ka lāʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia , a i ʻole chemotherapy .
Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maka ke hoʻololi i ka ʻike, a me ka nalowale hapa a piha paha o ka ʻike. E wehewehe kāu kauka i kēia mau mea āpau iā ʻoe.
Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ke kanesa o ka maka?
Aia kēia i nā kumu he nui. ʻO nā mea e like me ke ʻano o ka maʻi kanesa, kona nui, a me ka mamao o kona laha ʻana e pili ana iā ia. Akā ʻo ka mea nui loa, inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia ke kanesa ʻoiai aia nō ia i loko o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma mua o kona laha ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka ho'ōla ʻia.
ʻO ia ke kumu e ʻōlelo mau ai mākou inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli ʻē i kou mau maka a inā he pilikia kou ʻike maka, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia a e ʻike koke i ke kauka. He mea nui loa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi laha ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka, akā he mea nui e makaʻala i ia mea.
- Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā hōʻailona e like me ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike maka me ka ʻeha ʻole, ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea lana i mua o kou mau maka, a i ʻole ke ʻano o kahi kiko hou ma ka ʻāpana kala o kou maka.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, mai hopohopo a e ʻike koke i ke kauka kūpono.
- Inā ʻike mua ʻia ka maʻi kanesa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e ho'ōla piha ʻia ai ma o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- ʻOiai inā ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona, ʻo ka hoʻokolokolo maka mau ke ala maikaʻi loa e mālama ai i ke olakino maka.
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