Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ke Kanesa Gallbladder? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana.

Ua lohe anei ʻoe i kahi ʻōkana liʻiliʻi e like me ka ʻeke ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o kou ʻōpū, ma lalo pono o kou akepaʻa? Kāhea mākou iā ia he gallbladder. Mālama ia i kahi wai i kapa ʻia ʻo 'bile' i hana ʻia e ke akepaʻa. Kōkua kēia bile iā mākou e hoʻoheheʻe i nā meaʻai momona a mākou e ʻai ai. No laila, i kekahi manawa hoʻomaka nā hunaola kanesa e ulu i loko o kēia ʻōkana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he kanesa gallbladder.

He aha ke Kanesa ʻAʻai Gallbladder?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke kanesa o ka ʻōpū ka wā e lilo ai nā ʻāpana olakino i loko o ka ʻōpū i kanesa a ulu aʻe me ke kaohi ʻole. Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia kanesa ma ka papa o loko o nā ʻāpana i loko o ka ʻōpū. Kapa mākou ia he `(mucosal layer)`. A laila, liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaka ia e pālahalaha i waho.

ʻO ka pilikia nui me kēia, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona i nā pae mua . ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ua ʻike ʻia ma ka ulia. E noʻonoʻo, ʻike wale nā ​​​​kauka i kēia maʻi kanesa ke hana ʻia lākou i ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka gallbladder no kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe.

Akā, aia ka nūhou maikaʻi. Inā loaʻa kēia maʻi kanesa i kona wā mua, ʻo ia hoʻi, inā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ma waho o ka ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa e wehe piha ʻia ai ke ʻoki kino a hoʻōla piha ʻia . Eia nō naʻe, i nā poʻe he nui, ua pālahalaha mua ke kanesa ma waho o ka ʻōpū o ka puʻuwai i ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai. I kēlā manawa, lilo ka mālama ʻana i mea paʻakikī iki.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi?

ʻOiai ʻaʻohe o mākou ʻikepili kikoʻī e pili ana i kēia ma Sri Lanka, he maʻi kanesa laha ʻole kēia ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika. Eia nō naʻe, he mea maʻamau ia ma nā ʻāina ʻĀsia e like me India, Iapana, Korea, a me kekahi mau ʻāina ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻo ia ka piʻi ʻana o nā pōhaku gallstones i waena o ka poʻe ma ia mau ʻāina. No ka mea, he kumu nui ka pilikia o kēia maʻi kanesa nā pōhaku gallstones.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa gallbladder?

E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo ke kumu nui o ka paʻakikī o ka ʻike ʻana i kēia maʻi kanesa, ʻo ia ka mea ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona i nā pae mua. ʻOiai ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, ​​ua like loa lākou me nā hōʻailona o nā pōhaku gall. No laila, manaʻo ka poʻe, "ʻAuē, he mau pōhaku paha kēia."

Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, he mea nui loa ia e mālama pono.

No ke aha e ulu ai kēia maʻi kanesa? He aha nā kumu pilikia?

ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā kānaka ʻepekema pehea e lilo ai kahi cell olakino i cell kanesa. Akā ua loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui ai i ka manawa kūpono o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi kanesa. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau mea he mau mea pilikia.

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia maʻi kanesa e nā loli (nā mutations) i loko o nā genes. Akā, ʻaʻole kēia he mau loli genetic i hoʻoilina ʻia mai nā mākua mai. He mau loli ia e kū mai ana i ka wā o ke ola.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia?

• No nā wāhine: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā wāhine i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi kanesa ma mua o nā kāne.
• No nā kānaka ma luna o 65 mau makahiki: Piʻi ka pilikia me ka makahiki. ʻO ka awelika o ka makahiki o ka maʻi ma kahi o 72 mau makahiki.
• No ka poʻe me nā pōhaku gall: ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o ka pilikia. Hiki i kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi me nā pōhaku gall ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi kanesa.
• No ka poʻe me nā polyps o ka gallbladder: Hiki i nā ulu liʻiliʻi e kū mai ana ma ka paia o ka gallbladder ke lilo i maʻi kanesa.
• ʻO ka cholecystitis mau loa: ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia inā ua pehu ka gallbladder no ka manawa lōʻihi.
• Momona: ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino keu kekahi mea pilikia.
• Maʻi typhoid: ʻO ka maʻi typhoid i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria 'Salmonella typhi' he maʻi mau nō hoʻi ia a he mea hoʻoweliweli.
• ʻAʻa porcelain: He kūlana kahi e hōʻiliʻili ai nā waihona calcium i loko o nā paia o ka ʻaʻa gallbladder, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i paʻakikī e like me nā piliki porcelain. Hoʻonui pū kēia i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa.
• Nā cysts Choledochal: Nā kūlana like me ka cyst e kū mai ana i loko o nā ʻāpana bile.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka puhipaka a me ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau kemika i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻoihana laholio a me ka lole e hoʻonui i ka pilikia.

Pehea e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi?

E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, hiki ke paʻakikī ke ʻike ʻia no ka mea ʻaʻohe hōʻailona. Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​kou mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana, a nānā iā ʻoe. A laila, inā kānalua ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai, e kauoha ʻo ia i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua.

1. Nā hoʻāʻo koko (nā hoʻāʻo lab)

Hiki ke ana ʻia kekahi mau mea i loko o ke koko e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa.

• Hoʻāʻo hana akepaʻa: Ke ana kēia i nā pae o nā enzymes i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ke akepaʻa. Hiki ke loli kēia mau pae inā ua hoʻopilikia ke kanesa i ke akepaʻa.
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā māka puʻupuʻu: Nānā nā hoʻāʻo koko i kapa ʻia ʻo CEA a me CA 19-9 i nā pae o nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā hunaola kanesa. Inā kiʻekiʻe kēia mau mea, hoʻāla ia i ka kānalua no ka maʻi kanesa.

2. Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi

Lawe kēia mau hoʻokolohua i nā kiʻi o nā ʻōkana i loko o ke kino e ʻike ai inā he maʻi kanesa a pehea ka mamao o kona laha ʻana.

• ʻO ke kani ʻana o ka ʻōpū (ultrasound): ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo maʻalahi loa e hana mua. Lawe ia i nā kiʻi o nā ʻōpū. Inā ʻike ʻia kekahi mea e like me ka puʻupuʻu, e kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe no ka hoʻāʻo hou aku.
• ʻIke CT (Computer tomography):Hoʻohana ʻia nā kukuna X e lawe i nā kiʻi ʻokiʻoki o ke kino. ʻAe kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā kikoʻī he nui.
• MRI scan (Magnetic resonance imaging): Hoʻohana i kahi kahua magnetic e lawe i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o loko o ke kino.
• ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography): Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi endoscope (kahi ʻōmole lahilahi me kahi kāmela) ma o ka waha, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kala i loko o nā ʻauwai bile, a lawe ʻia nā kiʻi X-ray. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia e ʻike inā ua emi nā ʻauwai ma muli o ke kanesa.

3. Nā ʻoki kino

• Biopsy: ʻO kēia wale nō ke ala e maopopo ai he 100% aia ka maʻi kanesa. Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi mai ka puʻupuʻu kānalua a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope.
• Laparoscopy: Hana ʻia kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi me kahi kāmela, e ʻae ana i ke kauka e nānā pololei i ka gallbladder a me nā ʻiʻo a puni. Kōkua kēia i ka loiloi ʻana i ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa.

Nā Pae a me ka Lāʻau Lapaʻau no ke Kanesa

Ke ʻike nā kauka i ka maʻi kanesa, ʻike lākou i ka mamao o kona laha ʻana i loko o ke kino. Kāhea mākou i kēia ke kahua o ke kanesa. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o kēia kahua.

• Pae 0: ʻO nā pūnaewele ʻano ʻē i hiki ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai aia wale nō ma ka papa o loko o ka gallbladder.
• Pae 1: Aia ke kanesa ma ka papa o loko o ka gallbladder, a ua pālahalaha paha i ka papa ʻiʻo.
• Pae 2: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ma ʻō aku o ka papa ʻiʻo.
• Pae 3: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i ka papa waho loa o ka gallbladder a i nā ʻōpū kokoke, e like me ke akepaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kikowaena lymph.
• Pae 4: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā ʻōpū mamao, nā kīʻaha koko, a me nā lymph node he nui.

Ua kapa ʻia ke kanesa pae 1 he "kūloko". ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua kaupalena ʻia ke kanesa i ka gallbladder. I kēia pae, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi ho'ōla piha me ke ʻoki ʻana. Lilo ka mālama ʻana i mea paʻakikī i nā pae 2, 3, a me 4.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

Pili nā koho lapaʻau i nā kumu he nui, e like me ke kahua o ke kanesa a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Lapaʻau no ke kanesa mua

Inā ʻike mua ʻia ke kanesa, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui ka wehe loa ʻana i ke kanesa me ke ʻoki ʻana a pale aku i kona hoʻi hou ʻana mai.

• ʻOki kino: Hana ke kauka maʻi kanesa i kahi cholecystectomy e wehe i ka gallbladder. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole wale ka gallbladder akā ʻo nā lymph node a puni a me kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke akepaʻa e pono e wehe ʻia.
• Lapaʻau radiation: Hāʻawi ʻia nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe e luku i nā hunaola kanesa e waiho ʻia ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.
• Kemokalama:Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa a i ʻole e hoʻōki i ko lākou ulu ʻana. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole me ka radiation therapy.

Lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai holomua

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana no ke kanesa hiki ʻole ke ʻoki ʻia a i ʻole ke kū hou ʻana, ʻo ia ke kaohi i nā hōʻailona a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola, ma mua o ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka maʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation a me ka chemotherapy ma ʻaneʻi. Eia kekahi, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka manawa kūpono e komo i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou.

• Lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia: Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolālā ana i nā loli genetic kikoʻī i nā cell cancer.
• Immunotherapy: Hoʻoulu i ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ke kino e ʻike a luku i nā hunaola kanesa.

Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻAe. E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Loaʻa i ke ʻoki kino nā pilikia e like me nā pilikia mai ka anesthesia, ka maʻi, a me nā ʻūpā koko. Hiki i ka chemotherapy a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau radiation ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lauoho, ka nausea, a me ka luhi. Akā, ʻokoʻa kēia mau mea a pau no kēlā me kēia kanaka. He mea nui e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e loaʻa nei a me ko lākou mau hopena ʻaoʻao e loaʻa ai kahi ʻike maikaʻi.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kēia maʻi?

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia. Akā, pono e ʻike mua ʻia ke kanesa i ka wā mua loa a wehe ʻia me ke ʻoki kino ma mua o ka laha ʻana i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka waiho ʻole ʻia ʻana, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia. ʻO ia ke kumu a mākou e ʻōlelo nei e makaʻala i nā hōʻailona.