Ke paʻakikī a ʻāʻī paha kou ʻili? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka (Hyperkeratosis)!

Ua manaʻo paha ʻoe ua mānoanoa a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kekahi mau wahi o kou ʻili? A i ʻole ua ʻike ʻoe i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​kiko? Ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea a me ke kumu o ko lākou hiki ʻana mai. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā.

He aha kēia (Hyperkeratosis)?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka `(Hyperkeratosis)` ka mānoanoa ʻana o kekahi mau wahi o kou ʻili. Aia i loko o ka papa luna o ko kākou ʻili kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo ``Keratin`` . Hiki mai kēia mānoanoa ke nui aʻe kēia ``Keratin``. Hiki ke hana kēia ma nā wahi āpau o kou kino, me kou mau lima, nā wāwae, i loko o kou waha, ihu, a me kou mau kui.

Hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i kēia maʻi. Ua hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me ia. No kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ulu kēia maʻi i ka wā kamaliʻi a i ʻole ka wā makua. E noʻonoʻo wale, i kekahi manawa e mānoanoa ana ko kākou mau poho lima a me nā kapuwaʻi, ʻeā? ʻO ia ke kumu o kēia.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka hyperkeratosis, ʻeā?

ʻAe, pololei kēlā. ʻElua ʻano nui:

1. ʻO ka hyperkeratosis pili ʻole i ke kaomi: He mānoanoa kēia o ka ʻili i pinepine ma muli o ka genetics. ʻO ke ʻano kēia he hiki ke hoʻoilina. Maanei, hiki mai ka mānoanoa me ka ʻole o ke kaomi a i ʻole ke kaomi ma ka ʻili.

2. Hyperkeratosis e pili ana i ke kaomi: ʻO kēia ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kaomi mau a i ʻole ke kaomi ma kahi kikoʻī o ka ʻili, a i ʻole ma muli o ka mumū a i ʻole ka huhū. E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano: ke hele wāwae ʻole mākou ma ka lepo paʻakikī, e paʻakikī nā kapuwaʻi o ko mākou mau wāwae, a i ʻole ke komo mākou i nā kāmaʻa paʻa, e paʻakikī kekahi mau wahi o ko mākou mau wāwae a puka mai nā calluses.

He aha nā ʻano like ʻole o ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`? Pehea mākou e ʻike ai iā lākou?

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i ka huaʻōlelo "Hyperkeratosis" ke hele mai i nā ʻano he nui. E nānā kākou i kekahi o lākou. Ua lohe paha ʻoe a ʻike paha i kekahi o kēia mau mea.

• ʻO keratosis Actinic: He ʻulaʻula kēia, unahi, i kekahi manawa he mau ʻāpana ʻāwili iki. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā wahi i hōʻike pinepine ʻia i ka lā - e like me ka maka, nā pepeiao, ka ʻāʻī, a me nā lima. He mea kēia e hopohopo ai, no ka mea, i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke lilo i hōʻailona o nā ulu mua o ka maʻi kanesa.
• ʻO nā ʻili kulina a me nā calluses: He mea kēia i kamaʻāina i nā poʻe he nui. He mau papa ʻili paʻakikī a mānoanoa kēia e hana ʻia ana. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā wahi e like me nā poho lima a me nā kapuwaʻi wāwae. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia lākou e ke kaomi mau a i ʻole ka friction ma kahi like.
• ʻEczema: ʻO kēia ke kumu e maloʻo ai ka ʻili, unahi, i kekahi manawa ʻulaʻula, a ʻānai loa. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he mau ʻāpana ma ka ʻili. Ua loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kēia mai ka wā kamaliʻi.
• ʻO ka hyperkeratosis epidermolytic:He maʻi hānau laha ʻole kēia. ʻIke ʻia ia he mau ʻāpana ʻili mānoanoa ma nā lima a me nā wāwae (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā kapuwaʻi o nā wāwae, i kapa ʻia ʻo "plantar hyperkeratosis"). I kekahi manawa e ʻike ʻia paha nā pehu.
• ʻO Keratosis pilaris (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he follicular hyperkeratosis): He ʻano kēia e ʻike ʻia ai nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi e like me ka pimple ma ka ʻili. Hiki iā lākou ke like me ka ʻili moa . Loaʻa pinepine lākou ma nā lima o luna, nā ʻūhā, a i kekahi manawa nā puʻupuʻu. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou he mea ʻino loa, hopohopo kekahi poʻe e pili ana i ko lākou helehelena.
• Lichen planus: ʻO kēia ke kumu o nā puʻupuʻu poni, ʻālohilohi, pālahalaha e ʻike ʻia ma nā lima, nā wāwae, a i kekahi manawa i loko o ka waha a me nā ʻōpū. Hiki nō hoʻi ke ʻānai loa.
• Psoriasis: He ʻano kēia e ʻike ʻia ai nā ʻāpana kala a unahi ma ka ʻili. Hiki i ka ʻili ke mānoanoa, ʻulaʻula, a me ka maneʻo. He ʻano kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana pale.
• ʻO ka "Retention hyperkeratosis": ʻO kēia ka wā e hemo pono ʻole ai nā ʻili make mai ko mākou ʻili a paʻa i loko o nā follicle lauoho. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka ʻākena, nā ʻeleʻele, a me nā keʻokeʻo .
• ʻO keratosis Seborrheic: He mau ʻāpana ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa kēia, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, i kekahi manawa he waxy. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike ʻia ma ke kua, ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, a me nā poʻohiwi. E lilo lākou i mea maʻamau i kou wā ʻelemakule.
• ʻO ka hyperkeratosis subungual (hyperkeratosis o nā kui): He hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala kēia ma lalo o nā kui. Hiki i ke kui ke mānoanoa, piʻi aʻe, a ʻeleʻele ke kala. Hiki ke huikau ʻia me kahi maʻi kui fungal.
• Nā ʻūpā: Nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo HPV (human papillomavirus). Hiki ke ʻeha ke hele wāwae ʻana i nā ʻūpā plantar ma nā kapuwaʻi.

No ke aha e kū mai ai kēia ʻano maʻi ʻo Hyperkeratosis? He aha nā kumu?

Nui nā kumu e hiki ai ke loaʻa ka hyperkeratosis. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā kumu nui:

• Nā Allergies: Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i kēia mau loli ʻili ma muli o nā allergies i kekahi mau mea.
• Nā maʻi Autoimmune: ʻO kēia nā maʻi kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino i kā mākou mau cell ponoʻī. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka Hyperkeratosis i ia mau kūlana.
• Ka mumū mau o ka ʻili (dermatitis): Ma muli o nā maʻi mumū mau o ka ʻili (e.g. eczema).
• Nā maʻi ʻili: ʻO kekahi mau maʻi bacteria a me viral, no ka laʻana, ʻo HPV (human papillomavirus) hiki ke hana i nā warts.
• Nā ʻano hoʻoilina:E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, he mea paha ia e hiki mai ana mai nā hanauna mai.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Eia kekahi laʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka chemotherapy no ka maʻi kanesa.
• Kaomi a hamo paha i kou ʻili: Ke kaomi mau ʻia ma kahi like, e noʻonoʻo e like me ke kau ʻana i nā kāmaʻa paʻa a paʻa kekahi mau wahi o kou wāwae.
• ʻO ka ʻōpū psoriatic: He ʻano mumū kēia e pili ana me ka psoriasis.
• Nā hopena i nā kemika: I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻili i nā mea e like me ka ʻīnika peʻa.
• Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka lā: He kumu nui, ʻoi aku hoʻi o ka actinic keratosis.
• Ka nele o ka Vitamin A: Hiki i ka hemahema o ka Vitamin A ke hoʻopilikia i kekahi manawa.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`?

ʻO ka hōʻailona nui ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻāʻī ma ka ʻili ma muli o ka keratin nui. ʻO ia hoʻi, nā wahi i manaʻo ʻokoʻa a he ʻano ʻāʻī ke hoʻopā ʻia.

ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hyperkeratosis. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka eczema ke hoʻoulu i ka maneʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula, ʻoiai hiki i ka psoriasis ke hoʻoulu i nā unahi kālā.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ʻeha ka hyperkeratosis. Eia naʻe, hiki i kēia mau mea ke ʻeha:

• Nā Calluses
• Nā kulina
• Nā warts plantar

Pehea ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`?

Hiki i nā kānaka a pau ke ʻano like ʻole o ka hyperkeratosis. Aia ia i ke ʻano a me kona wahi ma ke kino. Akā , ʻo ka mea like o nā ʻano a pau, aia kahi ʻāpana ʻoʻoleʻa a ʻokoʻa hoʻi mai ka ʻili olakino a puni.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mea like kēia kāu, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike pololei i ka mea i pilikia a hāʻawi i kahi lāʻau kūpono iā ʻoe.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`? Pehea ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka i kēia?

Ke hele ʻoe i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā mea e like me:

• Aia kekahi o kou ʻohana i loaʻa i kekahi maʻi ʻili? ('Mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā maʻi ʻili')
• ʻEhia ka nui o kou hōʻike ʻana i ka lā? ('Mōʻaukala o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka lā')
• He aha nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, nā maʻi allergies, a me nā pilikia ʻili āu i loaʻa ai? ('Mōʻaukala lapaʻau, me nā maʻi allergies, nā maʻi autoimmune a me nā pilikia ʻili')
• He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe ai?
• He aha kou mau hōʻailona? (`Nā Hōʻailona`)

A laila e nānā ke kauka iā ʻoe a nānā pono i kou ʻili. I kekahi manawa e hoʻohana lākou i kahi mea liʻiliʻi me ke kukui (kahi `dermatoscope`) e nānā i kou ʻili, ʻoi aku hoʻi e nānā i nā ʻili liʻiliʻi.

Inā kānalua lākou i kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Hyperkeratosis",Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi biopsy ʻili e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka hyperkeratosis. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi allergie e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`? Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia kēia mau mea?

Aia nā koho lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ka hyperkeratosis āu e loaʻa ai. ʻAʻohe lāʻau hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia kūlana.

Hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā Corticosteroids ( nā ʻaila poni a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa) no nā kūlana e like me ka eczema, lichen planus, a me ka subungual hyperkeratosis.
• Hoʻohana ʻia nā kirīmi lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i ka actinic keratosis, psoriasis, a me ka subungual hyperkeratosis. Kōkua kekahi o kēia mau mea i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ke keratin.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau waha no ka epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, keratosis pilaris, a me ka psoriasis.

Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻano lapaʻau e like me kēia:

• Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻili kemika ( ka wehe ʻana i ka papa luna o ka ʻili me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika) e mālama i ka actinic keratosis.
• ʻO ka exfoliation ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻili make no ke `keratosis pilaris` a me ke `retention hyperkeratosis`. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kirīmi kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​scrubs.
• Ke ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻili e wehe i nā calluses a me nā corns.
• Hoʻohana ʻia ka cryotherapy e mālama i ka actinic keratosis, seborrheic keratosis, a me nā warts. Hana ʻia kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea e like me ka naikokene wai.
• Nā mālama laser no ke keratosis pilaris a me nā warts.
• ʻO ka kukui kukui LED no ka actinic keratosis, eczema, a me ka psoriasis.
• ʻEnehana wehe kahi no ka seborrheic keratosis a me nā warts.

E hoʻomanaʻo, i kekahi manawa hiki i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "Keratosis pilaris" ke hoʻomaikaʻi iā ia iho me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai ke ʻelemakule ʻoe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi hānau e like me "epidermolytic hyperkeratosis", akā hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona.

ʻEhia ka manawa e hiki ai iaʻu ke manaʻo i nā hopena ma hope o ka mālama ʻana?

ʻO ka wikiwiki o nā hopena e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hyperkeratosis āu e loaʻa ai, ke koʻikoʻi o ke ʻano, a me ka lāʻau āu e loaʻa ai. I kekahi manawa ʻike koke ʻia nā hopena (e laʻa, ke wehe ʻia kahi wart), aʻo nā manawa ʻē aʻe e hala paha kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina (e laʻa, ke mālama ʻia me nā kirīmi topical).

E hoʻomau kāu kauka i ka nānā ʻana iā ʻoe ('nā kipa hahai') e ʻike pehea ʻoe e pane nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. A laila, inā ʻaʻole holo pono kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā koho ʻē aʻe. He mea nui e hoʻomanawanui i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Inā loaʻa iaʻu ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`, he aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai?

Hiki ke kāohi ʻia nā ʻano hyperkeratosis he nui me ka mālama kūpono. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i ke kūlana ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. No ka laʻana, inā ʻaʻole i ʻike pono ʻia a mālama ʻia kekahi mea e like me ka actinic keratosis, hiki iā ia ke ulu a lilo i ʻano maʻi ʻili i kapa ʻia ʻo squamous cell carcinoma. No laila he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hyperkeratosis?

Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi ʻano hyperkeratosis:

• ʻO keratosis Actinic: E pale i kou ʻili mai ka pōʻino o ka lā. ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka palena ʻana i ka lā pololei (ʻoi aku hoʻi ma waena o 10 a.m. a me 4 p.m.), e hoʻohana ana i kahi sunscreen maikaʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o SPF 30 i kēlā me kēia lā, e ʻaʻahu ana i nā lole pale, a e ʻaʻahu ana i ka pāpale i ka wā i ka lā.
• Nā ʻūlū a me nā calluses: E ʻaʻahu i nā kāmaʻa ʻoluʻolu a palupalu. E koho i nā kāmaʻa e kūpono i kou mau wāwae.
• Eczema: E ʻike a pale i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki āu e maʻi ai. Eia kekahi laʻana, ka ea maloʻo, nā wahi anu loa a wela paha, nā kopa ʻala, a me nā kemika ʻino.
• ʻO ka mumū o ka ʻili: E noho mamao aku mai nā mea hoʻonāukiuki e like me ka dander holoholona a me ka pollen i ka hiki.
• Nā warts: Mai hele wāwae ʻole ma nā wahi lehulehu e like me nā hale hoʻoikaika kino, nā lumi ʻauʻau lehulehu, nā loko ʻauʻau, a pēlā aku. Mai hoʻohana i nā kāwele a i ʻole nā ​​​​kāmaʻa o haʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā ʻano hoʻoilina e like me ka epidermolytic hyperkeratosis.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho ma ke ʻano he kanaka me ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`?

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hyperkeratosis, ʻoiai inā he mau ʻāpana unahi kou ma kou maka, ʻāʻī, a i ʻole ke poʻo, hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻoluhi iki i ka naʻau. He mea maʻamau kēlā. Hiki ke kōkua ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka a i ʻole kekahi kākāʻōlelo e pili ana i ia mea.

Eia kekahi, eia kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe hiki iā ʻoe ke hana:

• Mai hoʻāʻo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau home me ka ʻole o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kauka.Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hoʻonui i ka ʻino o ke kūlana.
• E inu i ka wai he nui. Kōkua ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka makū o ka ʻili.
• Koe wale nō ke kau ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, mai hoʻopā, ʻohi, a ʻōpala paha i nā wahi me kēlā mau kiko e like me ke korale. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā maʻi a me nā ʻeha.
• E mālama i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi. E mālama i ka ʻili maʻemaʻe a pale i ka maloʻo.
• Mai ʻauʻau i ka wai wela. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaloʻo hou aku i kou ʻili. E hoʻohana i ka wai mehana.
• E hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaʻohe kopa a i ʻole nā ​​kopa palupalu. Hoʻohemo nā kopa ʻino i ka ʻili i kona mau aila maoli.
• Ma hope o ka ʻauʻau ʻana, e hoʻomaʻū maikaʻi i kou ʻili a kau i kahi moisturizer.

I ka manawa hea e pono ai iaʻu ke ʻike i ke kauka?

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli ʻili ʻē aʻe e like me kēia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, e ʻike koke i ke kauka:

• ʻEha nui (`ʻeha`)
• Inā e puka mai ana ka pus (`Pus`)
• Inā piʻi a pālahalaha paha ka ʻulaʻula
• Pehu ʻana

Eia kekahi, inā he hopohopo kou e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā hopena, e haʻi aku i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēlā. Hiki paha iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā manaʻo no nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e kōkua iā ʻoe. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka me ka ʻole o ka hūnā ʻana i kekahi mea.

Makemake ʻoe e wehe i ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`?

Aia nō ia i kona wahi, pehea ke koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana, a pehea ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole iā ʻoe. Hiki i nā kauka ke wehe i kekahi mau ʻano hyperkeratosis, e like me nā warts a i ʻole nā ​​calluses, inā he ʻeha a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha. ʻO nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e like me ka lichen planus a i ʻole keratosis pilaris, pono paha i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kirīmi, a i ʻole nā ​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e kāohi i nā hōʻailona ma mua o ka wehe ʻana iā lākou.

He mea maʻamau ka hopohopo e pili ana i nā ʻāpana ʻili ʻinoʻino, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole lākou e nalo. ʻO ka mea mua e hana ai, ʻo ia ke kiʻi i kahi hōʻailona. Inā manaʻo ʻoe he hyperkeratosis kou, e ʻike i ke kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke kumu o kāu mau hōʻailona a paipai i kahi lāʻau kūpono iā ʻoe.

ʻO nā mea nui e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia moʻolelo (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻO ka Hyperkeratosis kahi kūlana e mānoanoa ai ka ʻili ma muli o ka hana nui ʻana o kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo keratin. Hiki ke hana kēia ma nā ʻano like ʻole a no nā kumu like ʻole.

• Mai makaʻu: ʻAʻole weliweli ka hapa nui o nā ʻano hyperkeratosis, akā pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano (e.g. actinic keratosis), no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke lilo i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• E ʻike i ke kauka:Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā kiko hou, ʻokoʻa, nā puʻupuʻu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​wahi ʻino ma kou ʻili, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kauka e pili ana i ia mea. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike pololei i ka mea i hewa a hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau e pono ai.
• Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole e loaʻa ana ma muli o ke ʻano o ka `(Hyperkeratosis)`. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke ho'ōla loa iā ia, hiki iā lākou ke kāohi i nā hōʻailona.
• E hōʻemi i kou pilikia: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o kekahi ʻano hyperkeratosis ma ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ka lā, ke komo ʻana i nā kāmaʻa ʻoluʻolu, a me ka pale ʻana i nā allergens.
• Mai lāʻau ponoʻī: Mai hoʻāʻo i ka lāʻau ponoʻī me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ke kauka. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ke kūlana.

He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i kou ʻili. No ka mea, ʻo ko kākou ʻili ka ʻōkana nui loa o ko kākou kino! No laila e hoʻāʻo kākou e mālama iā ia i ke olakino.

ʻO Hyperkeratosis, Mānoanoa o ka ʻili, Keratin, Nā maʻi ʻili, Dermatology, Nā kiko ʻili, Nā puʻupuʻu ʻili, Actinic keratosis, Eczema, Psoriasis, Warts