ʻO ka Immunotherapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma: E hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai me ka mana o kou kino ponoʻī

Ke noʻonoʻo mākou i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, noʻonoʻo koke mākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka chemotherapy a me ka radiotherapy, ʻeā? Akā ua ʻike anei ʻoe ma waho aʻe o kēia mau mea, aia kekahi ʻano lapaʻau hou a holomua e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino ponoʻī e hakakā i nā hunaola kanesa? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he immunotherapy.

No laila, e ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka immunotherapy?

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o kou kino , a i ʻole 'hoʻāla iā ia', e kōkua iā ia e ʻike, hoʻouka, a luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai umauma. Ua like ia me ke aʻo ʻana i kāu mau pūʻali pale ponoʻī e ʻimi a luku i nā ʻenemi huna (nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai).

I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui nā kauka i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma triple-negative, kahi ʻano paʻakikī ke mālama. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma metastatic . Eia kekahi, ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i nā pono o ka immunotherapy no nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ʻē aʻe, e like me HER2-positive a me ER-positive.

Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ko mākou kino?

I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, e lawe kākou i kahi laʻana liʻiliʻi. E noʻonoʻo e like ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale me nā mākaʻi ma ko kākou ʻāina. ʻO ka hana a nā mākaʻi, ʻo ia ke ʻike a hopu i nā poʻe ʻino a me nā ʻaihue. Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana olakino a me nā ʻāpana maʻi kanesa i loko o ko kākou kino nā protein kūikawā ma ko lākou mau ʻili. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau antigens .

Akā, he poʻe ʻaihue maalea loa nā hunaola kanesa. ʻO kekahi mau hunaola kanesa, ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā protein ma ko lākou ʻili, e hūnā iā lākou iho a hōʻike i ka ʻōnaehana pale, nā mākaʻi, "ʻAʻole wau he maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo wau kekahi o ʻoukou." A laila, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mākaʻi ke ʻike i kēia ʻaihue. Aia ka Immunotherapy ma ʻaneʻi e pale aku i kēia hana maalea.

Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hana ma nā ʻano nui ʻelua:

• Nā Immunotherapy Hana: ʻO kēia ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i kahi 'hoʻomaʻamaʻa' kūikawā. Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale e ʻike i nā māka kikoʻī (antigens) i loaʻa wale ma nā hunaola kanesa a hoʻouka wale iā lākou.
• Nā Immunotherapies Passive: Pili kēia i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i hana ʻia ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua i loko o ke kino. Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e like me kahi ʻāpana 'pūʻali koa kūikawā' e kōkua ana i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Hele pololei ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā hunaola kanesa a wehe iā lākou a hōʻike iā lākou.

He aha nā ʻano lāʻau immunotherapy i hāʻawi ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma?

I kēia manawa, aia ʻelua mau ʻano nui o nā lāʻau immunotherapy i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma ka honua.

1. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®): ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia. Hāʻawi kūikawā ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma triple-negative. Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kāohi ʻana i kahi protein kūikawā a nā hunaola kanesa e hoʻohana ai e hūnā iā lākou iho. ʻAe kēia i ka ʻōnaehana pale e ʻike maʻalahi a hoʻouka i nā hunaola kanesa. I kekahi manawa hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua a ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana e pale aku i ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ke kanesa.

2. Dostarlimab (Jemperli®): Hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i nā poʻe maʻi i laha ka maʻi kanesa ma hope o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe a he māka genetic kūikawā (māka tumor) i loko o kā lākou mau cell cancer.

Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai kēia lāʻau a pehea ka lōʻihi?

Hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau immunotherapy ma o kahi vein, e like me ka saline solution, i kapa ʻia he intravenous (IV) injection. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau i kēlā me kēia 3 a 6 mau pule. Ma muli o kou kūlana, hiki ke mau kēia lāʻau mai kekahi mau mahina a ʻelua mau makahiki. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ka papa hana.

Pehea ka holomua o ka immunotherapy?

He mea hou kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi, ʻoiai no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma triple-negative, hiki i ka immunotherapy i hui pū ʻia me ka chemotherapy ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā manawa ola ma mua o ka chemotherapy wale nō. He mea hoʻohiki maoli kēia.

Aia i kēia manawa he mau haneli o nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e hana ʻia ana a puni ka honua. Ke nānā nei kēia mau mea inā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka immunotherapy no nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ʻē aʻe, a inā paha e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kū nei. No laila, hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke lilo i mea kaua koʻikoʻi loa i ke kaua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana?

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i ka immunotherapy ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like kēia i ka hopena o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka ʻeha iki wale nō, aʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole paha e ʻike i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui loa ia e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao hiki ke loaʻa a e makaʻala iā lākou.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hopena ʻino koʻikoʻi i helu ʻia ma luna, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo koke i kāu kauka . Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kahi hopena ʻino liʻiliʻi i loko o kekahi mau lā a lilo paha i mea koʻikoʻi, e haʻi i kāu kauka. He mea nui e hoʻolohe i nā loli i kou kino i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana a kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana iā lākou.