Manaʻolana hou i ke kaua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma: E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka immunotherapy ma nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi!

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kahi mea aloha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo 'immunotherapy' i hoʻolei ʻia a puni i ka wā e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana. Ua ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka iā ia. No laila, he aha kēia lāʻau hou no nā poʻe he nui? Hiki iā ia ke hakakā maoli i ka maʻi ʻaʻai? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea ma ke ʻano maʻalahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

No laila, he aha ka Immunotherapy?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka immunotherapy kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi ponoʻī o kou kino (ka ʻōnaehana pale) e kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi kanesa. Ua like ia me ke aʻo ʻana i ka "pūʻali koa" ponoʻī o kou kino e ʻike a hoʻouka i nā "ʻenemi" i kapa ʻia nā hunaola maʻi kanesa.

I kēia manawa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama i kahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i kapa ʻia ʻo "Triple-negative breast cancer", he mea paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia, he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana, a ua pālahalaha aku i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino (metastatic). Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana e ʻike i ka maikaʻi o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi ʻaʻai umauma "HER2-positive" a me "ER-positive".

Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?

E noʻonoʻo i ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko kākou kino e like me ka pūʻali koa e pale aku ana i kahi ʻāina. Ke ʻimi mau nei kēia pūʻali koa a luku aku i nā ʻenemi e like me nā huakini a me nā maʻi e komo ana i loko o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, he mau ʻenemi maalea loa nā hunaola kanesa. I kekahi manawa, hūnā kēia mau hunaola kanesa iā lākou iho ma nā ʻano like ʻole e pale aku ai i ka hopu ʻia e ko kākou pūʻali koa. E like me ka kiu ʻenemi.

Eia ka hana a ka immunotherapy:

1. Kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻenemi: Hōʻike kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau immunotherapy i nā hunaola kanesa, e hōʻike maopopo ana i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale "eia ka ʻenemi."

2. Ke hoʻoikaika nei i ka pūʻali koa: Hana nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe ma ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā pūnaewele (nā koa) o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i ka mana hou aʻe e hakakā i nā pūnaewele kanesa.

ʻElua ala nui e hana ai i kēia:

• ʻO ka Immunotherapy Hana: Pili kēia i ke aʻo ʻana i nā māka kikoʻī (antigens) ma kāu mau cell kanesa umauma a me ke aʻo ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻouka wale i kēlā mau māka.
• ʻO ka Immunotherapy Passive: Ma kēia, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā i hana ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua i ke kino e hoʻoikaika i nā hiki o ke kino e hakakā i ka maʻi kanesa.

He aha nā lāʻau immunotherapy i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma?

I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau immunotherapy nui i ʻāpono ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

1. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®):Hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau no ka `(Triple-negative breast cancer)`. Ke ālai nei kēia lāʻau i kahi protein a nā cell cancer e hoʻohana ai e hūnā mai ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōnaehana pale e ʻike i nā cell cancer. I kekahi manawa hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau ma mua a ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana e pale ai i ka hoʻi hou ʻana mai o ke kanesa. Hoʻohana pū ʻia kēia lāʻau no nā kanesa i laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, inā aia kekahi mau ``Biomarkers`` i loko o ka DNA o ka puʻupuʻu kanesa.

2. Dostarlimab (Jemperli®): Hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma i hoʻi mai ma hope o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe a he māka puʻupuʻu kikoʻī kona.

Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai ka immunotherapy?

ʻO ka maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he wai saline ma o kahi aʻa (intravenous - IV). Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau ma muli o kou kūlana. Akā, loaʻa i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia 3 a 6 mau pule . I kekahi manawa, pono e hoʻomau ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau mahina a ʻelua mau makahiki.

E aʻo pū kākou e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi kanesa, hiki i ka immunotherapy ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Akā, ʻaʻole like ko lākou hopena i nā kānaka a pau. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa i kahi ʻeha iki, aʻo kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole paha e manaʻo iki i kekahi mea. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka e pili ana i kekahi ʻeha.

E nānā kākou i nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi.

Pehea ka holomua o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka Immunotherapy kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou loa a hoʻohiki nui ʻia i ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi, ua kōkua ia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka ho'ōla ʻana a me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke ola o nā poʻe maʻi me nā maʻi kanesa i paʻakikī mua ke mālama ʻia, e like me ke kanesa umauma triple-negative.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi noiʻi nui ua ola lōʻihi nā maʻi i loaʻa ka lāʻau immunotherapy Pembrolizumab me ka chemotherapy ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa wale i ka chemotherapy.

Ke hana ʻia nei nā haneli o nā haʻawina a puni ka honua e noiʻi i ka pono o ka immunotherapy no nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai umauma like ʻole. ʻO ka hopena, ke holomua nei kēia kahua i kēlā me kēia lā.