ʻO wai ke Kauka Maʻi Pipili?

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ke anu maʻamau a i ʻole ke kuni, hele ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka ʻohana. ʻO ka maʻamau, e hoʻomaikaʻi ia i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lā. Akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole. He paʻakikī loa kekahi mau maʻi, paʻakikī ke ʻike, a ʻaʻole pane i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau. ʻO ia ka manawa e pono ai ke kōkua o ke kauka me ka ʻike kūikawā. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ia ʻano loea. ʻO ia ke Kauka Maʻi Infectious (ID), a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e ʻōlelo nei ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.

ʻO wai kēia loea maʻi lele?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he kauka kēia i loaʻa i ke aʻo kūikawā i nā maʻi lele, nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā germs e komo i loko o ko mākou kino. He mau meaola liʻiliʻi kēia mau germs i hiki ʻole iā mākou ke ʻike me ko mākou mau maka. ʻEhā mau ʻano nui.

• Nā maʻi: E like me ka maʻi coronavirus a me ka maʻi dengue.
• Bacteria: Hoʻoulu i nā mea e like me nā maʻi ʻāʻī a me nā maʻi ʻōpū mimi.
• Fungi: Hoʻoulu i nā maʻi ʻili e like me ka ringworm.
• Nā Parasites: Hoʻoulu i nā mea e like me ka malaria a me nā maʻi ilo.

Aia kēia mau meaola ma nā wahi a pau. I kekahi manawa noho lākou i loko o ko kākou kino me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana. Akā i kekahi manawa komo lākou i loko o ko kākou kino a hoʻomaʻi iā kākou. Hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke ʻano like ʻole mai ke anu maʻamau a i nā kūlana hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi loea no kēlā me kēia maʻi āu e loaʻa ai. Hiki i ke kauka lapaʻau ke mālama i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, inā he kakaikahi , paʻakikī , koʻikoʻi , a mau paha kahi maʻi, a laila pono paha ʻoe e ʻike i kahi loea.

He aha ke kuleana o kēia mau kauka loea?

He loea kēia mau kauka i ka ʻike ʻana, ka mālama ʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi lele koʻikoʻi a me nā maʻi mau. Hana pinepine lākou me nā loea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi o kā lākou mau hana nui:

• ʻIkepili: Kōkua mākou i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi paʻakikī e ʻike ʻia, paʻakikī a me nā maʻi viral.
• Ke ʻike ʻana i ka pathogen: Ke ʻike pono nei i kahi virus, bacteria, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ola ʻē aʻe e hoʻoulu ai i kāu mau hōʻailona.
• Ke noiʻi nei:Ke noiʻi nei mākou pehea e hoʻopilikia ai kēia mau microorganism i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ko mākou kino a pehea lākou e hoʻopilikia ai i ke kaiāulu.
• Ke hoʻomaopopo nei i nā maʻi hou: Hoʻomaopopo mau lākou i nā maʻi e kū mai ana ma ka honua a me nā virus e loli ana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
• ʻIke loea i nā Antibiotics a me nā Vaccines: Loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻike hohonu o nā Antibiotics, Antivirals, a me Vaccinations.

No ke aha ʻoe e kuhikuhi ʻia nei i kahi loea maʻi lele?

ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo kāu kauka ʻohana (Primary Care Physician - PCP) a i ʻole kekahi loea ʻē aʻe e mālama iā ʻoe e kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kēia ʻano kauka. Hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau kumu no kēia.

E noʻonoʻo he ʻano ʻē kou ʻili a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi. Inā manaʻo kāu kauka ʻili he maʻi laha ʻole ia, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi loea maʻi lele. No ka laʻana, inā ua lōʻihi ka maʻi pneumonia i kekahi kanaka, hiki i kahi kauka pulmonologist ke kūkākūkā me kahi loea maʻi lele.

Hiki i ka papa ma lalo nei ke wehewehe hou aku i kēia.

He aha nā kūlana olakino maʻamau a lākou e mālama ai?

He mau tausani o nā maʻi lele ma ka honua. Eia kekahi o nā maʻi a nā loea maʻi lele e mālama pinepine ai:

• HIV/AIDS: Ka maʻi pale ʻole kanaka a me ka AIDS.
• ʻO ka maʻi puʻupuʻu (TB): He maʻi bacteria e hoʻopilikia nui ana i nā māmā.
• Hepatitis B a me C: Nā maʻi viral e hoʻopilikia ai i ke akepaʻa.
• Meningitis: He maʻi koʻikoʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka pehu ʻana o nā membrane e uhi ana i ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal.
• ʻO ka maʻi Lyme: He maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka ʻuku.
• ʻO ka Pneumonia Paʻakikī: He maʻi māmā i pane ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau.
• Nā Maʻi o ka Iwi a me nā Hono: Ua like me ka Osteomyelitis.
• Nā Maʻi Lapaʻau i Hoʻouna ʻia e ke Kaulike (STIs): Nā hihia paʻakikī a paʻakikī hoʻi e mālama.
• Clostridium difficile (C. diff): He maʻi koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōpū.
• Lapaʻau Huakaʻi: Nā maʻi e like me ka malaria, dengue, a me ka typhoid.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai i kou wā e kipa aku ai i kēia kauka?

Ke kipa aku ʻoe i kahi loea e like me kēia, e nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe i kahi nīnau kikoʻī loa e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala lapaʻau piha a me nā hōʻailona. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano nīnau e nīnau ʻia paha iā ʻoe:

• Nā Hōʻailona: He aha nā hōʻailona āu e loaʻa nei? I ka manawa hea lākou i hoʻomaka ai? Ke ʻoi aku nei ka ʻino a i ʻole ka maikaʻi?
• Mōʻaukala lapaʻau: He aha nā maʻi, nā ʻoki kino, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu i loaʻa ai?
• Kaiapuni a me ke ʻano o ka nohona: He aha kāu hana? Ua huakaʻi anei ʻoe i kekahi wahi i hala koke aku nei, ʻoiai hoʻi i kahi ʻāina ʻē? He mau holoholona kāu ma ka home? Hoʻolilo nui ʻoe i ka manawa ma waho?

Ma hope o kēia mau nīnau, e nānā kino ke kauka iā ʻoe. A laila, e kauoha ʻo ia i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana pololei.

Nā hoʻāʻo a lākou e kauoha ai

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: E nānā no ka maʻi, ka helu o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā antibodies i nā germs kikoʻī.
• Nā hoʻāʻo mimi: No ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea e like me nā maʻi ʻaʻai mimi.
• Nā hāpana ʻōpala: E nānā no nā maʻi ʻōpū a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea kolo.
• Nā ʻūpā ʻāʻī : E ʻike i ka bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi ʻāʻī.
• Nā biopsies ʻiʻo: Ke lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai kahi maʻi no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
• Nā kiʻi kiʻi: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi X-ray, CT scans, a me MRI scans e ʻike ai pehea i laha ai ka maʻi i loko o ke kino.
• ʻO ke kī ʻana o ka iwi kuamoʻo / ʻoki ʻana o ka iwi kuamoʻo: Hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo inā he kānalua no kahi maʻi o ka lolo a i ʻole ke kaula iwi kuamoʻo (e like me ka meningitis).

Pehea ʻoe e lilo ai i loea maʻi lele?

He huakaʻi lōʻihi loa kēia a hoʻolaʻa ʻia. Loaʻa i kēia mau kauka ke kēkelē lapaʻau e like me nā kauka ʻē aʻe, akā eia kekahi, ua hele lākou i nā makahiki o ke aʻo kūikawā ma ka immunology a me ka epidemiology.

• Immunology: Ke aʻo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino a pehea e hoʻopilikia ai nā germs iā ia.
• ʻEpidemiology: ʻO ka ʻepekema e noiʻi ana i ke kumu a pehea e laha ai nā maʻi i loko o ke kaiāulu, a me nā kumu e hoʻohuli ai iā ia.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hoʻolilo lākou i kekahi mau makahiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūloko ma hope o ke kula lapaʻau, a ukali ʻia e ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha mau makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana ma nā maʻi lele. Ma muli o kēia, loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻike nui o nā germs a pehea lākou e hoʻopilikia ai i ko mākou kino.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi lele e paʻakikī ana i kāu kauka lapaʻau ke ʻike a mālama paha, hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi loea maʻi lele. E hana pū lākou me kāu kauka a me nā mea lawelawe olakino ʻē aʻe e hoʻokele i kou kūlana a kōkua iā ʻoe e ola hou.