ʻO ka pōʻino huna o ke kapa muliwai: E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka Onchocerciasis, a i ʻole ka makapō muliwai?

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kahi maʻi weliweli e hoʻopilikia mālie ana i ka poʻe e noho ana ma kekahi mau awāwa muliwai nani a wikiwiki hoʻi, a hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka makapō? ʻO Onchocerciasis kēia, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo 'ka makapō muliwai.' He mea paʻakikī paha ke kani ʻana o ka inoa, akā e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia maʻi weliweli ma ke ʻano maʻalahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha ka Onchocerciasis? Ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo "river blindness"

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka onchocerciasis kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi ilo parasitic . ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema o kēia ilo ʻo `(Onchocerca volvulus)`. Hoʻolaha ʻia kēia parasite i nā kānaka ma o nā nahu pinepine ʻana o nā nalo ʻeleʻele i loaʻa i ka maʻi o ka ʻano `(Simulium)`. Hoʻoulu kēia mau nalo ʻeleʻele ma kahi kokoke i nā muliwai a me nā kahawai e kahe wikiwiki ana, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi mahiʻai paʻakikī.

Hiki i kēia maʻi ke hōʻeha nui i kou ʻili a me kou ʻike maka , a i kekahi manawa hiki ke alakaʻi i ka makapō mau loa . ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo "river blindness." E noʻonoʻo i ka weliweli o ia mea!

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi?

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe ʻo kēia maʻi, i kapa ʻia ʻo onchocerciasis, ka mea maʻamau ma ʻApelika hema o Sahara a me nā ʻāpana o ʻAmelika Hema, e like me Brazil a me Venezuela? Wahi a ka Pan American Health Organization, ka mea e hana pū ana me ka World Health Organization, ma kahi o 18 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e ʻeha nei i kēia maʻi. Ma waena o kēia mau mea, ma kahi o 270,000 he makapō loa.

Akā, aia ka nūhou maikaʻi. Ua hoʻopau kekahi mau ʻāina i kēia maʻi ma ka pīpī ʻana i nā mea pepehi pepeke a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā heluna nui. He mea hoʻoikaika maoli kēlā.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi?

ʻO nā nalo i loaʻa i ka maʻi "(Simulium)" e hoʻolaha nei i kēia maʻi e noho kokoke ana i nā muliwai a me nā kahawai e kahe wikiwiki ana, ma nā kauhale mahiʻai mamao, kuaʻāina ma ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika Hema. No laila, ʻo ka poʻe e noho ana ma ia mau wahi ka poʻe i pilikia nui.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka poʻe e hele ana i kēia mau wahi no ka manawa lōʻihi, ua pilikia lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi. No ka laʻana, nā mea noiʻi kahua, nā misionari, a me nā limahana manawaleʻa o ka Peace Corps. Ma Sri Lanka, ʻaʻole mākou e hele pinepine i kēia mau wahi, no laila ʻaʻole mākou i pilikia nui. Eia nō naʻe, inā e hele ana kekahi i kahi ʻāina e like me kēia, ʻoi aku hoʻi kahi ʻāina kuaʻāina, no ka hana a i ʻole no kekahi kumu kikoʻī ʻē aʻe, he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala i kēia.

Pehea e hoʻomohala ai ka onchocerciasis?

He mea kēia e pono ai ka wehewehe iki. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano.

Ke nahu kahi nalo ʻeleʻele i kahi kanaka me ka onchocerciasis, ʻai ʻo ia i nā ʻenuhe ilo microscopic , he mau ilo pēpē liʻiliʻi, e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. A laila ulu nā ʻenuhe i loko o ke kino o ka nalo.

I kēia manawa, ke nahu kēlā nalo i loaʻa i ka maʻi i kekahi kanaka olakino ʻē aʻe, hoʻokomo ia i kēlā mau ʻenuhe i ulu i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka hou. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole laha kēia maʻi ma o hoʻokahi nahu wale nō; pono e hoʻoulu i ka maʻi i kekahi mau manawa he nui . Ma hope o ke komo ʻana i loko o ke kino hou, ulu kēia mau ʻenuhe i loko o nā ilo makua, e hui pū ana e hana i nā ʻenuhe hou aʻe. A laila laha kēia mau ʻenuhe i ka ʻili, nā maka, a me nā kino ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka mea nui, ke nui loa kēia mau ʻenuhe i loko o ke kino, hoʻomaka ko mākou kino e pane. ʻO ia hoʻi, hoʻomaka ke kino e hakakā me kēia mau mea hoʻouka kaua. Kāhea mākou i kēia he pane mumū . ʻO ia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka makapō muliwai?

ʻO ka Onchocerciasis ka mea nui e hoʻopilikia i kou ʻili a me kou mau maka . Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me:

• Ka ʻili nui o ka ʻili: ʻO kēia ka hōʻailona nui a me ka hōʻailona mua a ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e ʻike ai. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka ʻili.
• Nā ʻeha ma kou mau maka: Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻeha i loko o nā maka.
• Nā ʻōpala, nā pehu, a i ʻole nā ​​puʻupuʻu ma ka ʻili: I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia nā nodules ma lalo o ka ʻili a puni ka infestation ilo. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke ʻike ʻia ma ka maka, e hāʻawi ana i kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi ʻole.
• Ka hemahema o ka ʻike maka, ka ʻike haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole ka makapō mau loa: I ka holomua ʻana o ka maʻi, ua hōʻino ʻia nā maka a emi mālie ka ʻike, a laila e alakaʻi ana i ka makapō piha. ʻO kēia ka hopena weliweli loa o kēia maʻi.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka maʻi e ʻike ʻia ai nā hōʻailona?

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole ia e ʻike i kekahi ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka wā mua. Hoʻomaka ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā larvae i loko o ke kino. Hiki i kēia kaʻina hana ke hala ma kahi o 12 a 18 mau mahina, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokahi makahiki a i ʻole hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa . No laila, hiki ke lōʻihi kekahi manawa ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o ke kanaka ua loaʻa iā lākou ka maʻi.

He maʻi laha anei kēia maʻi onchocerciasis?

ʻAʻole laha pololei ka onchocerciasis mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole hiki ke laha ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana, ka lulu lima ʻana, a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana me kekahi mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi.

Akā, penei ke ʻano o ka laha ʻana o kēia maʻi: Nahu nā nalo ʻeleʻele i kahi mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi a omo i nā ʻenuhe i loko o ko lākou kino. A laila, i ka wā e hele ai kēlā mau nalo a nahu i kahi mea ʻaʻohe maʻi, hoʻopili lākou i ke kanaka hou me kēlā mau ʻenuhe. No laila, ua laha kēia ma o nā nalo .

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike pololei ai i kēia maʻi?

No ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he onchocerciasis kou, hana pinepine ke kauka i nā biopsies ʻili . ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili mai nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino a nānā iā lākou ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau ʻenuhe ilo.

No ka nānā ʻana i kahi maʻi maka, e nānā ke kauka i kou mau maka no kekahi mau ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe. E hoʻohana lākou i kahi mea kūikawā i kapa ʻia he "slit lamp." Ua like ia me kahi microscope me kahi kukui ʻālohilohi i hoʻopili ʻia.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hana i nā hoʻāʻo koko e ʻike ai inā he mau antibodies ke kino e hoʻāʻo nei e hakakā i ka maʻi.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka makapō muliwai he lāʻau anti-parasitic waha i kapa ʻia ʻo ivermectin . He lāʻau koʻikoʻi loa kēia.

Akā eia kahi mea liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaopopo ai. Hoʻopau wale ʻo Ivermectin i nā larvae, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​ilo makua . Hiki i kahi ilo wahine makua ke ola no kahi o 10 a 15 mau makahiki. I loko o ia manawa, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohua i nā miliona o nā larvae hou! E noʻonoʻo i ka weliweli o ia mea.

No laila, pono e lawe ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no 10 a 15 mau makahiki, ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki . Ma ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka mālama ʻana hiki ke kāohi ʻia ka nui o nā ʻenuhe i loko o ke kino, a hiki i ka make maoli ʻana o nā ilo makua.

Pehea lā e hiki ai iā kākou ke pale aku iā kākou iho mai kēia?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai kēia maʻi, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ka hele ʻana i nā wahi i loaʻa mau ai ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, inā pono ʻoe e hele i ia wahi, he mea nui e hahai i kēia mau hana palekana:

• E ʻaʻahu i nā lole i mālama ʻia me kahi lāʻau pepehi kanaka i kapa ʻia ʻo "Permethrin." Kūʻai aku kekahi mau hale kūʻai i kēia mau lole, a i ʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke pīpī iā lākou ma kou mau lole iā ʻoe iho.
• E pīpī i kou kino a me kou lole me ka mea pale pepeke e loaʻa ana ka `(DEET).` E kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā nalo a me nā makika.
• E komo i kou mau lole komo i loko o kou mau kāmaʻa wāwae. Ma kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole e hōʻike ʻia kou mau kuʻekuʻe wāwae a e emi ana ka manawa e nahu ai nā nalo iā ʻoe.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā pālule lima lōʻihi a me nā pālule lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i ka ʻili e like me ka hiki.

E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e hele ana ʻoe i kahi kauhale ma ʻApelika no ka hana. Pono ʻoe e noho kokoke i kahi muliwai. A laila pehea ka nui o ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau hana palekana ke hele ʻoe i waho i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi!

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka onchocerciasis?

ʻO Onchocerciasis ka lua o ke kumu nui o ka makapō ma ka honua a hiki ke hana i nā ʻeha ʻili koʻikoʻi a me nā pilikia, a me ka makapō mau loa.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kōkua lapaʻau i ka wā hikiwawe ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana e hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi. No laila, he mea nui e makaʻala i nā hōʻailona a ʻike koke i ke kauka inā he mau hopohopo kāu.

ʻAʻole anei hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka makapō i hoʻokumu ʻia e kēia?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka makapō ma muli o ka onchocerciasis, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa hou ka ʻike i nalowale.ʻO ia ka ʻāpana kaumaha loa o kēia maʻi. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, a me ka pale ʻana ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi.

He aha kaʻu e hana ai inā manaʻo wau he maʻi koʻu?

Inā ua huakaʻi ʻoe i kahi ʻāina mamao loa ma ʻApelika a i ʻAmelika Hema paha, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā muliwai, a ua nahu ʻia e nā nalo ʻeleʻele, a inā he mau hōʻailona kou o ka onchocerciasis (e like me ka maneʻo nui o ka ʻili, ka ʻeha o ka maka), e ʻoluʻolu e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau .

Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻāʻo i kou ʻili a me ke koko e ʻike inā he maʻi. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou kūlana e pale aku ai i nā hopena koʻikoʻi.

ʻO Onchocerciasis, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo "river blindness," he maʻi ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi parasite i kapa ʻia ʻo Onchocerca volvulus. Hoʻolaha ʻia kēia parasite e nā nalo i loaʻa i ka maʻi e noho kokoke ana i nā muliwai a me nā kahawai ma nā wahi mamao o ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika Hema. Inā ua hele ʻoe i ia mau wahi a ua nahu ʻia e nā nalo ʻeleʻele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kauka.

E hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea nui loa! (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻAe, ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua ʻike maikaʻi ʻoe i ka mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai, ʻo ka onchocerciasis, a i ʻole ka makapō muliwai. Eia kekahi mau mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai:

• He maʻi kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi ilo parasitic a laha ʻia e nā nalo ʻeleʻele .
• ʻIke pinepine ʻia ia ma nā ʻāpana o ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika Hema .
• ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka maneʻo nui, nā pilikia ʻili, a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike/makapō .
• Hiki ke hana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo `(Ivermectin)` , akā pono e lawe ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi.
• Inā e hele ana i nā wahi i laha ai ka maʻi, he mea nui e lawe i nā hana palekana kūikawā e pale aku iā ʻoe iho mai nā nalo .
• Inā kānalua, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau, no ka mea, hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana ke pale i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka makapō.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia maʻi ma Sri Lanka, ke noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ka nui o ka poʻe ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua e ʻeha nei iā ia, he mea nui loa ia e makaʻala i ia mau maʻi, ʻeā? Eia kekahi, inā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai e hele i kahi ʻāina pilikia nui, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au e pono kēia ʻike.

ʻOnchocerciasis , makapō muliwai, ilo parasitic, nalo ʻeleʻele, nalo ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula ʻili, nalowale o ka ʻike, ivermectin