Ua leo ʻole anei kāu keiki ma kekahi mau wahi? Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Selective Mutism - e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea!

He ʻōlelo nui kāu keiki liʻiliʻi ma ka home, e heluhelu mau ana, a e kamaʻilio nui ana ʻoiai ke pāʻani nei. Akā i ko lākou hele ʻana i ke kula, i nā hale o nā hoahānau, a i ʻole i nā pāʻina, me he mea lā ua hāmau loa ko lākou waha? Kūnou wale lākou i ko lākou poʻo a ʻaʻole e ʻōlelo ke nīnau kekahi iā lākou i kekahi mea? Manaʻo paha ʻoe he hilahila kēia, a he paʻakikī paha, a he ʻōlelo wale nō paha. Akā, he mea hohonu paha ia, he maʻi noʻonoʻo i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka makaʻu a me ka hopohopo . I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Selective Mutism.'

He aha ka Selective Mutism?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Selective Mutism ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo ma kekahi mau kūlana pilikanaka, ma nā wahi āu e manaʻo ai he ʻoluʻolu ʻole a makaʻu paha. ʻAʻole kēia he manaʻo i manaʻo ʻia . Ma nā wahi āu e manaʻo ai he kamaʻāina a palekana, e like me ka home, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo me ka pilikia ʻole. Akā ma nā wahi e like me ke kula a i ʻole ma nā wahi i loaʻa ai nā malihini, me he mea lā ua paʻa kou leo.

He ʻokoʻa kēia mai kahi mea hilahila wale nō. He maʻi hopohopo ka mutism koho. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i ka wā kamaliʻi, ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia e nā keiki kula kamaliʻi a me nā papa mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i ka poʻe ʻōpio a me nā pākeke.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi i nā kaikamahine ma mua o nā keikikāne. Akā, ma muli paha ia o ka manaʻo o ke kaiāulu. Eia naʻe, he maʻi kakaikahi loa ia. Hoʻopilikia ia ma lalo o hoʻokahi i loko o 100 mau kānaka.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kekahi me ka selective mutism?

ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "selective" ma ka inoa e hōʻike ana he mea kēia e hana wale ʻia ma nā kūlana i koho ʻia . ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo me ka ʻole o nā pilikia i nā kūlana āu e ʻoluʻolu ai. Eia nō naʻe, i nā kūlana āu e manaʻo ai he ʻoluʻolu ʻole a makaʻu paha, lilo ia i mea paʻakikī loa, inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole, ke ʻōlelo.

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mau hōʻailona mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. ʻAʻohe leo iki o kekahi poʻe, a ʻo kekahi poʻe e ʻōlelo ana ma ke ʻano palena ʻole.

ʻO ke kūlana o ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo a kokoke paha iā ia

ʻO kēia ka pale ʻana i ke kamaʻilio ʻana i ka nui o ka hiki, a i ʻole e hoʻōki loa iā ia. Penei paha ke ʻano:

• Manaʻo ʻoe ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio. Hana ʻia kēia no ka mea ua paʻakikī kou manaʻo ma muli o ka makaʻu nui a me ka hopohopo. ʻOiai paha me he mea lā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e kamaʻilio, ʻaʻole kēia he mea āu e hana ai me ka manaʻo, hana wale ia.
• Ua ʻūlū kona kino a ua like ia me he mea lā ua pōhaku ʻia. E like me ka dia i paʻa i ke kukui a makaʻu.
• He helehelena hakahaka ko ka maka .
• Hōʻalo i ka launa maka.
• Hōʻalo a ʻaʻole paha e komo i nā pilina pili kanaka . E noʻonoʻo, ke nīnau ke kumu i kekahi mea ma ka papa, nānā kēia keiki i ka papahele ʻoiai e pane ana nā keiki ʻē aʻe.
• ʻAʻole lākou e noi i nā mea a lākou e makemake ai. Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hele i ka lua ma ke kula me ka ʻole o ke noi ʻana i ke kumu, a hiki paha iā lākou ke noi i kekahi mea i loko o ko lākou lole.Aia kekahi mau manawa e pono ai ʻoe e mimi .
• Hana ma ke ʻano hoʻohaunaele i mea e pale aku ai i ke kamaʻilio ʻana (e like me ka hakakā ʻana, ka uē ʻana).

Kamaʻilio waha ʻole

• Ma kahi o nā huaʻōlelo , hoʻohana lākou i nā leo i maopopo i nā mea a pau, e like me "Uu huun" (ʻae) a me "Ah ah" (ʻaʻole).
• I mea e pale aku ai i ke kamaʻilio ʻana , kākau lākou i nā mea i lalo a hana i nā mea e like me ke hōʻike ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi mea ma loko o kahi puke .
• Hoʻohana i nā ʻanā lima a me nā ʻano helehelena ma kahi o nā huaʻōlelo (e.g., ke kūnou ʻana, ke kuhikuhi ʻana).

ʻŌlelo iki a palena paha

• Ua hiki i ka manawa e pane aku ai.
• Pane lākou i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau huaʻōlelo a hoʻohana paha i nā ʻōlelo pōkole loa.
• Hāwanawana lākou, ʻōʻō, a ʻōlelo lohi loa paha me ka hāwanawana.
• ʻŌlelo me ka leo i loli (e like me ka lopako, a i ʻole ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ko lākou leo ​​maʻamau).

No ke aha e kū mai ai kēia mutism koho?

ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā loea ke kumu kikoʻī o kēia, akā manaʻo lākou he nui nā kumu e pāʻani i ke kuleana.

Nā kūlana olakino noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe

Ua pili pono ka mutism koho me nā kūlana olakino noʻonoʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole kēia wale nō nā kumu, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe me kēia mau kūlana e hoʻomohala i ka mutism koho.

• Ka Maʻi Hopohopo Kaiapili: He mea maʻamau loa kēia i waena o ka poʻe me ka mutism koho. Wahi a nā loea ma waena o 75% a me 100% o ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā mea ʻelua.
• Phobias: Makaʻu nui i nā mea like ʻole.
• Nā maʻi hopohopo ʻē aʻe.
• Ka maʻi Autism Spectrum.
• Hopohopo no ke kaʻawale ʻana: Makaʻu nui i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana mai nā mākua mai.
• Maʻi Hoʻoluhi Ma hope o ka Trauma (PTSD): Ka pilikia noʻonoʻo e kū mai ana ma hope o kahi hanana traumatic.

Nā mana hoʻoilina o ka moʻolelo ʻohana

Hiki ke holo nā maʻi hopohopo i loko o nā ʻohana. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻohana pili (makua, kaikaina, keiki) me ke ʻano a i ʻole kekahi maʻi hopohopo ʻē aʻe i ke kanaka me ka selective mutism.

Nā maʻi ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe

Hiki i kekahi mau keiki ke loaʻa i ka multism koho ma muli o ka hopohopo e pili ana i ke ʻano o kā lākou ʻōlelo a i ʻole ka paʻakikī e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a haʻi e ʻōlelo nei (e like me nā maʻi hoʻoponopono lohe , nā lohi o ke aʻo ʻana).

Hiki ke hana ʻia e nā pilikia ʻōlelo, e like me nā maʻi ʻōlelo maʻalahi . Hiki i kekahi mau keiki ke loaʻa i ka mutism koho no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou makemake i ko lākou leo ​​​​ponoʻī a makaʻu paha i ke ʻano o ko lākou kani ʻana ke ʻōlelo lākou.

Nā kumu pilikanaka

Hiki i kekahi mau kumu pilikanaka ke hoʻoulu i nā keiki i ka mutism koho.

• Ke hoʻomāinoino ʻia e haʻi.
• Nā hanana pōʻino koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka hana ʻino.
• Nā pilikia ʻohana (e like me ka hana ʻino ʻana ma ka naʻau, ka ʻōlelo waha, a i ʻole ka hana ʻino kino ma ka home).
• Ke neʻe ʻana i kahi ʻāina a ʻāpana paha kahi e ʻōlelo ʻia ai kahi ʻōlelo nui ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana o ka selective mutism?

Hiki i kēia kūlana ke hoʻopilikia i kou ola ma nā ʻano like ʻole.

• Ka hilahila o ka nohona, ka mehameha, a i ʻole ke kaʻawale ʻana.
• Ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kūlana a i ʻole nā ​​​​hōʻailona e pili ana i ka hopohopo.
• Hopena i nā hana hoʻonaʻauao a i ʻole ka hana hana .

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i kēia?

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ka mutism koho e kahi loea olakino noʻonoʻo, e like me ke kauka psychiatrist a i ʻole psychologist. Hiki i nā Pathologists ʻŌlelo a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​Therapists ʻŌlelo ke kōkua i ka kāpae ʻana i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe a hana i kahi hōʻailona.

Hoʻoponopono ke kauka i kēia maʻi ma ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻano hana. E nīnau lākou iā ʻoe (a i ʻole kāu keiki) i nā nīnau e pili ana i kēia mau ʻike a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e kōkua paha i kēia.

ʻO ka maʻamau, e hoʻohana kāu kauka i nā nīnau a me nā papa inoa e hoʻoholo ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻano. Wahi a ka DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition text revision™) a ka American Psychiatric Association, i mea e ʻike ʻia ai me ka selective mutism, pono ʻoe e hoʻokō i kēia mau pae ʻelima:

1. ʻAʻole mau e ʻōlelo ana ma nā kūlana pilikanaka kahi e manaʻo ʻia ai ʻoe e ʻōlelo, akā ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka ʻōlelo ʻana i nā manawa ʻē aʻe.

2. Hoʻopilikia ka ʻōlelo ʻole i ke ola pilikanaka, hoʻonaʻauao, a i ʻole ke ola hana .

3. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina ka lōʻihi o ka hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo.

4. ʻAʻole no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo a hoʻomaopopo paha i ka ʻōlelo nui a haʻi e hoʻohana ai ʻoe i ka ʻōlelo ʻole.

5. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo ʻana e kekahi maʻi ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, e like me ke kūpikipikiʻō . Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki ke pili wale ia i ka maʻi autism spectrum , nā maʻi schizophrenia spectrum, a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi psychotic ʻē aʻe.

Aia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau? Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia?

Me ka mālama ʻana, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ke koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻailona a me ke alapine o ko lākou ʻike ʻia ʻana. Inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i ka hoʻopau piha ʻana o nā hōʻailona.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau:

Hoʻōla olakino noʻonoʻo

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau olakino noʻonoʻo (ʻoi aku hoʻi ka Cognitive Behavioral Therapy a i ʻole CBT)) ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mea e hoʻopuka i nā hopena nui loa. Kōkua ka behavioral therapy iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomanawanui i ka hopohopo a me nā manaʻo hoʻoluhi ʻē aʻe e hoʻoulu ai i ka selective mutism. Kōkua pū ia iā ʻoe e kāohi i nā ʻano hoʻopilikia e hiki ke hele pū me ke kūlana.

I ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui e hoʻokomo i kā lākou poʻe mālama (nā mākua, nā kahu). He mea nui loa kā lākou kākoʻo no ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hoʻōla ʻŌlelo

ʻO ka hoʻōla ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka hana pū ʻana me kahi mea hoʻōla ʻōlelo. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua nui i ka wā e kū pū ana ka mutism koho me kahi maʻi ʻōlelo.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Inā ʻaʻole holo pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau noʻonoʻo a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau kamaʻilio wale nō, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no ka selective mutism ʻo SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) . ʻOiai ua hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau mea no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i nā maʻi hopohopo e like me ka selective mutism. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe ke kōkua. Hiki i kāu kauka (a i ʻole ke kauka o kāu keiki) ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau mea a kōkua iā ʻoe e koho i ka mea kūpono iā ʻoe.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nīnau ʻana i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu a i ʻole kaʻu keiki ka selective mutism?

Inā loaʻa i ke keiki kēia maʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i kā lākou hana kula, ke ʻano o kā lākou launa pū ʻana me nā hoaaloha, a me ko lākou hiki ke launa pū me nā hoaaloha. I kekahi manawa, hoʻowalewale ʻia paha nā keiki e noho mālie, ʻoiai i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi loa.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka mutism koho ma ke ʻano he kanaka makua, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomau i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole. Hiki iā ia ke paʻakikī i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoaaloha a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pilina (kaiapili, ʻoihana, aloha). Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i kāu mau haʻawina a me kāu hana.

No nā kānaka he nui, me he mea lā e nalo ana nā hōʻailona i ko lākou ʻelemakule ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa e mau ana nā hōʻailona a hiki ke hoʻohālike i nā maʻi hopohopo ʻē aʻe (ʻoi aku ka hopohopo pili kanaka).

Inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua, maikaʻi loa nā hopena. Inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā ʻōpiopio, hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke hoʻopau i kēia maʻi a i ʻole e kū me ia a ola me ia. A laila, ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa ka hopena nui i ko lākou ola.

Eia nō naʻe, inā waiho ʻia me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia a mālama ʻole ʻia, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa nā hopena. ʻAʻole kēia he kūlana weliweli, akā hiki ke koʻikoʻi nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka mutism koho?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka mutism koho. ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā loea ke kumu o ia mea, no laila ʻaʻohe ala e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ia mea.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke kōkua i kaʻu keiki inā he selective mutism kona?

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke huhū ke ʻōlelo ʻole kāu keiki i kekahi mau kūlana, ke ʻōlelo ʻoe "e kamaʻilio, e kamaʻilio" akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e kamaʻilio. Hiki i kēia huhū ke ʻoi aku ka nui ke hakakā kāu keiki e pale i ka kamaʻilio ʻana, e like me ka uē ʻana.

Akā, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻo ka selective mutism kahi maʻi olakino noʻonoʻo. ʻAʻole ia he mea hiki i kāu keiki ke kaohi. Akā, hiki iā ʻoe ke kaohi i ke kūlana o kāu keiki a pehea ʻoe e pane ai i kā lākou mau hōʻailona.

Eia kekahi mau mea nui e hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomanaʻo:

• E hōʻoluʻolu a palekana hoʻi kāu keiki. Mai hoʻokuke a hoʻoikaika paha iā lākou i nā wahi e makaʻu ai a hopohopo paha lākou. ʻAʻole hoʻi he manaʻo maikaʻi ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia pilikia i mua o lākou, no ka mea, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohilahila iā lākou a makaʻu hou aku.
• E hōʻemi i ka makaʻu a me ka hopohopo, a laila e neʻe aku. E hoʻomaka ma ka paipai ʻana i kāu keiki e hōʻike iā lākou iho ma nā ʻano a lākou e ʻoluʻolu ai. ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻolauna mālie iā lākou i nā pilina pili kanaka, a laila e kōkua iā lākou e kamaʻilio.
• E hoʻomanawanui a hāʻawi i kāu keiki i ka manawa e kamaʻilio ai. Inā ʻoe e ʻōlelo no lākou, manaʻo paha lākou e hana hewa ana lākou. E paʻakikī kēia iā lākou ke lanakila ma luna o ko lākou makaʻu a me ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo ʻana. E kōkua iā lākou e hoʻomaopopo he mea maikaʻi ke noʻonoʻo ma mua o ko lākou pane ʻana, a e hoʻolōʻihi i ko lākou manawa.
• E hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna mau hana. Inā ʻōlelo kāu keiki, e hoʻomaikaʻi iā ia no ia mea. E hāʻawi iā ia i kahi uku (me nā huaʻōlelo) no kāna mea i hana ai. E hoʻohauʻoli iā ia i ka ʻōlelo ʻana.
• Mai hoʻāʻo e paipai iā lākou ma ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana iā lākou. ʻO nā keiki e makaʻu nei i ka hoʻopaʻi ʻia inā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻōlelo, e paʻakikī paha lākou e ʻōlelo no ka mea e makaʻu nui lākou.

He aha nā ʻano mea e "hoʻoulu" ai i ka mutism koho?

ʻO nā "mea hoʻoulu" o ka mutism koho he mau kūlana a i ʻole nā ​​kumu e ʻoi aku ai ka makemake o ke kanaka me kēia maʻi e ʻōlelo ʻole. ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau:

• Me he mea lā ua kokoke loa nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, me he mea lā ke komo nei lākou i ko lākou mau palena pilikino .
• ʻO kekahi poʻe e ʻōlelo leo nui ana a hana kolohe ana.
• Nā malihini, nā kānaka hou.
• ʻO nā ʻano kino o haʻi, e like me ka poʻe lōʻihi loa a nui ke ʻano.
• Nā ʻano hana a haʻi, e laʻa, ka poʻe e ʻike ʻia he hopohopo, aloha ʻole, a i ʻole hana i nā ʻano hana maikaʻi ʻole .
• Nā wahi me nā kānaka he nui a me nā walaʻau he nui.
• Nā wahi e pili ana i nā hoʻomanaʻo kaumaha a maikaʻi ʻole.
• Nā wahi aʻu i hele ʻole ai ma mua.
• He mea hou loa, a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana kahi i loaʻa ai i ke keiki kahi ʻike kūleʻa ʻole ma mua.

He mau mea hoʻonāukiuki maʻamau kēia. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā mea hoʻonāukiuki ʻokoʻa a ʻoi aku ka kikoʻī ma mua o kēia. Hiki ke loli nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

He ʻano autism anei ka selective mutism?

ʻAʻole, ʻelua mau maʻi ʻokoʻa ka Selective Mutism a me ka Autism Spectrum Disorder. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe me ka autism e loaʻa i ka selective mutism.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)

ʻO ke ʻano mutism koho kahi kūlana i hiki ʻole ai i ke keiki ke ʻōlelo ma muli o ka makaʻu a i ʻole ka hopohopo. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i ka wā mua o ke kula, akā hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā mākua. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole nā ​​​​keiki me kēia kūlana i paʻakikī a pane ʻole. ʻAʻole hoʻi ia he mea hiki iā lākou ke kaohi iā lākou iho.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he selective mutism paha kāu keiki, e kamaʻilio me kā lākou pediatrician a i ʻole kekahi loea mālama ola kino ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena. Me kāu hoʻoikaika a me ke kākoʻo, hiki i kāu keiki ke aʻo e ʻōlelo no lākou iho me ka ʻole o ka nalowale ʻana o ko lākou leo ​​i ka makaʻu a i ʻole ka hopohopo.

ʻO ka mū koho, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo, ke olakino noʻonoʻo o nā keiki, ka hopohopo, ka makaʻu pilikanaka, nā maʻi ʻōlelo, ke ʻano o nā keiki