Ua makewai koke anei kāu keiki a mimi pinepine? Ua hoʻomaka anei ʻo ia e pulu i ka moena i ka pō? A i ʻole ke emi nei kona kaumaha ʻoiai ua ʻai maikaʻi ʻoe? Mai hoʻowahāwahā i kēia mau mea me he mea maʻamau. ʻO kēia paha nā hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Type 1 Diabetes. He maʻi kēia no ke ola holoʻokoʻa e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā keiki ʻōpio, nā ʻōpio, a i kekahi manawa nā mākua. Akā, mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ia mea me nā kikoʻī.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Type 1 Diabetes?
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi pilikia me kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī. I ka pololei, he maʻi autoimmune ia. ʻO ka maʻamau, ke kaua nei kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale i nā germs e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi. Akā i kēia hihia, hele hewa kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻomaka e luku i nā cell i loko o kā mākou pancreas ponoʻī e hana ana i ka hormone insulin.
E noʻonoʻo i ka insulin ma ke ʻano he kī e wehe ai i nā puka i nā ʻāpana o ko kākou kino. I mea e komo ai ke kō (glucose) i loko o ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai i loko o nā ʻāpana ma ke ʻano he ikehu, pono loa kēia kī insulin. No laila, ke luku ʻia kēlā mau ʻāpana, e pau loa ka hana ʻana o ka insulin. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kō i loko o ke koko ke komo i loko o nā ʻāpana a hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke koko. Kāhea mākou i kēia pae kō koko kiʻekiʻe "(hyperglycemia)." Inā ʻaʻole i kāohi ʻia kēia, hiki ke hōʻeha nui i ke kino.
ʻAʻole kēia he maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kou hewa a i ʻole ka hewa o kāu keiki. ʻAʻohe hopena o nā mea e like me kāu mea e ʻai ai a inu ai, ke ʻano o ka nohona, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i kēia. He pilikia kēia e kū mai ana i loko o ke kino ponoʻī.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes type 1? Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai?
Hoʻomaka mālie kēia mau hōʻailona a hiki ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi i loko o kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi o kou ʻohana kēia mau hōʻailona, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike koke i ke kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
| Hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Makewai nui | Ke manaʻo nei ʻaʻole lawa ka wai ma hope o ka inu ʻana, a he waha maloʻo mau. |
| Mimi pinepine | Ua piha mau nā diaper o nā keiki ʻōpio. ʻO nā keiki i maʻa ʻole i ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka moena i ka pō, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻoinu i ka moena. |
| Pōloli loa | Ka pōloli koke ʻana ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. |
| ʻO ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole | Ka pohō kaumaha ʻoiai ke ʻai maikaʻi nei. |
| Luhi a me ka luhi | Luhi mau ke kino ʻoiai me ka hana ʻole ʻana i kekahi mea. |
| ʻIke pōwehiwehi | Manaʻo ʻaʻole maopopo kāu ʻike. |
| Hoʻopaneʻe ka ho'ōla ʻana o ka ʻeha | ʻOiai he ʻoki liʻiliʻi a he ʻōpala paha, lōʻihi ka manawa e ho'ōla ai. |
| Nā maʻi hū vaginal i nā wahine | Ka ʻūlū pinepine ʻana o ka ʻōpū a me nā maʻi ʻeha. |
| Nā hōʻailona pilikia (ke kūlana DKA) - Inā loaʻa kēia mau mea, e hele koke i ka haukapila! | |
| ʻAla hua ma ka hanu | Ka hanu ʻala e like me ka mea wehe pena kui. |
| Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi | Ka pinepine ʻana o ka nausea a me ka luaʻi ʻana. |
| ʻeha ka ʻōpū | ʻEha nui o ka ʻōpū me ke kumu ʻole. |
| Hanu wikiwiki | Hoʻonui ʻia ka hanu ʻana. |
| Ka huikau a me ka hiamoe nui | Ka wānana ʻole a me ka luhi nui. |
Hōʻike kēia mau hōʻailona ulia pōpilikia i kahi maʻi hoʻoweliweli ola i kapa ʻia ʻo Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi mea e like me kēia, e hele koke i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila.
No ke aha lā kēia e hana nei? He aha ke kumu?
ʻAʻole maopopo i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke kumu pololei o ka maʻi diabetes type 1, akā manaʻoʻiʻo lākou ua hana ʻia e ka hui pū ʻana o nā genetics a me nā kumu kaiapuni .
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hiki i ke kanaka ke loaʻa kahi predisposition genetic e hoʻomohala i kēia maʻi. A laila, hiki i kahi virus a i ʻole kekahi mea i ke kaiapuni ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino e hoʻomaka i kēlā hoʻouka hewa.
Inā loaʻa kēia maʻi i kekahi o ka ʻohana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ia ma kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
- Inā ʻaʻohe o ka ʻohana i loaʻa iā ia, ʻo ka pilikia ma kahi o 1 i loko o 250.
- Inā loaʻa i ka makuahine, aia ka pilikia ma waena o 1 i 25 a me 1 i 100.
- Inā loaʻa i ka makuakāne, ʻo ka pilikia he 1 i loko o 17.
- Inā loaʻa i nā mākua ʻelua, hiki ke piʻi ka pilikia ma waena o 1 i ka 10 a me 1 i ka 4.
He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka maʻi diabetes type 1?
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko i kāohi ʻole ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki ke hōʻino i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino. No laila, he mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kō koko i loko o ka pae kūpono.
Nā pilikia e hiki mai ana:
- Nā pilikia maka: nā mea e like me ka nalowale o ka ʻike (retinopathy), cataracts.
- Nā pilikia wāwae: ʻO ka maneʻo o nā wāwae, nā ʻeha i ho'ōla ʻole ʻia a lilo i mea koʻikoʻi.
- Maʻi puʻuwai a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
- Maʻi puʻupaʻa: Ka hōʻino ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
- Ka pōʻino o ke aʻalolo (Neuropathy): Nā mea e like me ka mae a me ke kani ʻana o nā lālā.
- Nā maʻi ʻili: ʻIli maloʻo, nā maʻi pinepine.
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka hahau ʻana .
Ma mua o ka makaʻu i kēia mau mea, e hoʻomanaʻo e hiki iā ʻoe ke pale iā ʻoe iho mai kēia mau pilikia āpau ma ka kaohi pono ʻana i kou pae kō koko. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka noho ʻana me kēia maʻi hiki ke hoʻoulu i ke kaumaha a me ke kaumaha. No laila, he mea nui e mālama i kou olakino noʻonoʻo a me kou olakino kino . E ʻimi i ke aʻo lapaʻau inā pono.
Pehea e ʻike pololei ai nā kauka i kēia maʻi?
He mea maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 1. E hana kāu kauka i kēia mau hoʻokolohua:
- Hoʻāʻo glucose koko: Ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi, kiʻekiʻe loa ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō.
- Hoʻāʻo A1c (hoʻāʻo hemoglobin Glycosylated): Ana kēia i kou pae kō koko awelika i nā mahina ʻekolu i hala.
- Hoʻāʻo antibody: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia e hōʻoia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes type 1 a i ʻole type 2. Inā loaʻa nā autoantibodies e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i loko o ke koko, ua hōʻoia ʻia he type 1.
Eia kekahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā mea e like me ka hoʻāʻo urine e nānā i nā ketones i loko o ka mimi.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai a hoʻokele ʻia ai?
ʻO ke ola ʻana me ka maʻi diabetes type 1, ʻo ia hoʻi, pono ʻoe e lawe i ka insulin i kēlā me kēia lā e ola ai. ʻAʻole hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me kahi pila. He mea hoʻōla ola ka insulin no kēia mau maʻi. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kō koko i loko o kahi pae olakino.
ʻAʻole kēia he mea āu e hana hoʻokahi ai. Hiki i kahi endocrinologist a me ka hui diabetes ke kōkua iā ʻoe. Akā, pono ʻoe e hana i nā hoʻoholo i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana nui o ka hoʻokele ʻana:
1. Hoʻōla ʻinsulina
2. Ka nānā ʻana i ka glucose
3. Ka Hoʻonaʻauao a me ka ʻIke Pono (Hoʻonaʻauao)
Nā ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i ka insulin
Aia kekahi mau ʻano insulin. ʻOkoʻa lākou i ka wikiwiki o kā lākou hana a me ka lōʻihi o ko lākou noho ʻana i loko o ke kino. Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā ʻano he nui. Aia kekahi mau ala nui e loaʻa ai ka insulin:
- Nā inikini he nui i kēlā me kēia lā (MDI): Ke inikini ʻana i ka insulin i loko o ka papa momona ma lalo o ka ʻili i nā manawa he nui i ka lā me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka syringe.
- Peni ʻInsulina: He mea like kēia me ka peni i hoʻopiha mua ʻia me ka insulin. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana ma mua o nā inikini.
- ʻO ka pamu insulin: He mea liʻiliʻi kēia e hāʻawi i ka insulin i ke kino i ka nui e pono ai i ka lā a pau ma o kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi i kau ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili.
- ʻInsulina hanu ʻia:Aia kekahi ʻano insulin i hanu ʻia ma ka waha, e like me ka inhaler i hoʻohana ʻia e nā poʻe maʻi hānō.
Hiki ke loli ka nui o ka insulin āu e pono ai i kēlā me kēia lā, me ka makahiki, ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi, a i ʻole i ka wā hāpai.
Ke nānā ʻana i nā pae kō
Pono ʻoe e makaʻala e pili ana i kou pae kō koko i ka lā a pau.
- Mīkini glucose koko: He mea hana e ana i nā pae kō koko ma ka lawe ʻana i kahi kulu liʻiliʻi o ke koko mai ka wēlau o ka manamana lima.
- CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitoring - CGM): He ʻano hana e ana mau ana i nā pae kō koko i kēlā me kēia mau minuke me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi sensor liʻiliʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili a hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili i kāu kelepona a i ʻole kekahi mea hana ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa kēia i kēia manawa ma Sri Lanka.
E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi pae kō koko i makemake ʻia. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo e noho i kēlā pae.
Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia kēia maʻi?
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i kēia manawa, akā ke hoʻomau nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ala e pale aku ai i ka maʻi a i ʻole e kāohi i kona holomua.
Ma kekahi mau ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, aia ʻelua ʻano o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻoili, akā ʻoi aku ka pilikia.
- Hoʻoili pūnaewele mokupuni: Ke hoʻoili ʻana o nā pūnaewele hana insulin wale nō.
- Hoʻoili ʻana o ka pancreas: Hana pinepine ʻia kēia i ka manawa like no nā poʻe maʻi e pono ai ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa.
He mau lāʻau lapaʻau pilikia kēia e kau nei i ke kahua noiʻi a ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā mea āpau.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 kahi mea āu e hana ai ma muli o kāu mau hewa ponoʻī a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻai. He pilikia ia me ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ke kino.
- I mea e ola ai me kēia ʻano maʻi, he mea nui e lawe i ka insulin no ke koena o kou ola.
- E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona e like me ka makewai nui, ka mimi pinepine, a me ka pohō kaumaha. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Hiki i ke kaohi maikaʻi ʻana i ke kō koko ke pale i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā maka, nā puʻupaʻa, ka puʻuwai, a me nā aʻalolo.
- ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hele wale ma kēia huakaʻi. E kiʻi i ke kākoʻo o kāu kauka, ʻohana, a me nā hoaaloha. Me ka mālama pono ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola olakino a hana piha.
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