Ua maʻalahi nā mea āpau e pili ana i nā lāʻau pale: ʻO nā mea āu e pono ai e ʻike!

Ke hele ʻoe e hāʻawi i kāu keiki liʻiliʻi i kahi pana, manaʻo iki ʻoe i ka makaʻu a me ka hoihoi, ʻeā? He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i kēlā kulu liʻiliʻi o ka wai i hoʻokomo ʻia me kahi nila? No ke aha he mea nui kēia mau mea i kā mākou mau keiki, a iā mākou? I kekahi manawa makaʻu mākou i ka lohe ʻana i nā kamaʻilio āpau e pili ana i nā lāʻau pale. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau mea a pau ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo, maʻalahi loa a ma ke ʻano aloha. E like me kāu e kamaʻilio nei me kahi hoaaloha.

He aha ka lāʻau pale, i ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka lāʻau pale no ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana pale. E noʻonoʻo i ko mākou kino he ʻāina. He pūʻali koa ko kēia ʻāina e pale aku iā ia. ʻO ia ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Ke komo mai nā ʻenemi mai waho mai, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā pathogens e hoʻomaʻi iā mākou - nā mea e like me nā virus a me nā bacteria - i kēia ʻāina, e hakakā ko mākou pūʻali koa iā lākou a pale iā mākou.

ʻO ka hana a ka lāʻau pale, ʻo ia ke aʻo ʻana i kā mākou mau koa e ʻike i kēia mau ʻenemi ma mua o ke kaua maoli. Ua like ia me ke aʻo ʻana i kahi pūʻali koa me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenemi. No laila, i ka wā e komo ai ka germ maoli i ke kino, ua mākaukau mua kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale, no laila e lanakila koke ia i kēlā ʻenemi ma mua o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka maʻi.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka lāʻau pale a me ka immunization

ʻOiai ke kani like nei kēia mau huaʻōlelo ʻelua, aia kahi ʻokoʻa iki.

• ʻO ka pale ʻana ke kaʻina hana o ka hāʻawi ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau pale (e like me ka inikini a i ʻole nā ​​kulu waha).
• ʻO ka pale ʻana ke kaʻina hana e kūkulu ai ka lāʻau pale i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi i loko o kou kino.

ʻO ia hoʻi, ua like ka lāʻau pale me ka hele ʻana i ka papa, a ʻo ka palekana ua like ia me ke aʻo ʻana i ka haʻawina mai kēlā papa.

Pehea e hana ai nā lāʻau pale i loko o ko kākou kino?

He hana hoihoi loa kēia. E nānā kākou pehea e hana ʻia ai kēia.

Ke ʻike ʻana i kahi germ no ka manawa mua (Primary Immune Response)

Ke komo mai kahi huakino hou (huakino a bacteria paha) a kākou i ʻike ʻole ai ma mua i loko o ko kākou kino, lōʻihi ka manawa e ʻike mua ai ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale maʻi. Ua like ia me kahi malihini e komo mai ana i loko o ka hale.

1. ʻO ka mea mua, ke nānā nei kahi ʻano kūikawā o ke kelepona i loko o kā mākou "pūʻali koa", nā kelepona-B , i kēia mea hoʻouka kaua.

2. ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele B, e like me ka honu e kūpono i kahi kī, hoʻomaka e hana i kahi ʻano protein kūikawā e kūpono i kēlā germ kikoʻī. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau antibodies .

3. Hoʻopili kēia mau antibodies i nā germs, hoʻopau iā lākou, a hōʻailona i nā cell pale ʻē aʻe e luku iā lākou.

He mau lā ka lōʻihi o kēia kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa, no laila e maʻi ana mākou a manaʻo hoʻi ua maʻi mākou i kēlā manawa. Akā ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kēia hakakā, hana kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale i kahi mea nui loa. Hoʻokumu ia i kahi "Wanted Poster" o ka mea hoʻouka kaua, he hoʻomanaʻo. Hana ʻia kēia e nā pūnaewele hoʻomanaʻo .

Inā hiki mai ka germ i ka lua o ka manawa (Secondary Immune Response)

I kēia manawa, e noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua komo hou mai ka hua like i hiki mai ma mua i ko kākou kino i kekahi lā. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole like ko kākou pūʻali koa me ma mua. ʻO nā pūnaewele hoʻomanaʻo e paʻa ana i kēlā "Wanted Poster" e ʻike i ka ʻenemi i ka manawa a lākou i ʻike ai.

He wikiwiki loa kēia pane ʻelua a ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka germ ka manawa e laha ai i loko o ke kino a hoʻomaʻi iā mākou. ʻO ia ke kumu e maʻalahi ʻole ai mākou i ka maʻi hoʻokahi i ʻelua manawa.

ʻO ka hana a ka lāʻau pale, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaʻi ʻana iā mākou, hana ia i kēlā pane mua (Primary Immune Response) a hana i kēlā mau hunaola hoʻomanaʻo. A laila, i ka wā e hiki mai ai ka huakino maoli e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi, ua mākaukau ko mākou kino e kū i mua ona.

He aha nā ʻano lāʻau pale maʻi?

Aia nā ʻano like ʻole e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale kino e kūʻē i nā germs. No laila, ua māhele ʻia nā lāʻau pale i kekahi mau ʻano. E hoʻomaopopo kākou i kēia mau mea ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi.

He aha ka mea i loko o kahi lāʻau pale?

ʻAʻole wale kahi ʻāpana o ka germ i loko o kahi lāʻau pale. Loaʻa pū kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe e hana pono ai a mālama pono iā ia.

• Antigen : ʻO kēia ka mea nui. ʻO ka germ nāwaliwali/inactivated a i ʻole kekahi hapa o ia mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka pale ʻana.
• Nā Mea Hoʻohui: He mau mea kēia i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻoikaika i ka pane a ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻAe kēia i ka palekana nui aʻe me nā lāʻau lapaʻau liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā paʻakai alumini kahi mea hoʻohui i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia.
• Nā mea hoʻomalu: Hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau mea e pale i ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o nā germs ke hoʻopili ʻia nā kānaka he nui mai ka vial hoʻokahi.
• Nā mea hoʻopaʻa:Kōkua kēia i ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau pale i ka wā o ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea e like me ke gelatin no kēia kumu.

ʻO wai ka mea e pono ke hoʻopili ʻia? Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai?

Ma keʻano laulā, he mea nui i nā kānaka a pau ke loaʻa ka lāʻau pale. ʻOi loa aku:

• I ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka wā kamaliʻi: Ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ka palekana o nā keiki i kēia wā, he mea pono e hoʻopili ʻia e like me ka papa hana hoʻopili aupuni e pale aku ai i nā maʻi ʻino.
• Nā lāʻau "Booster": Hoʻemi ʻia ka pale i hāʻawi ʻia e kekahi mau lāʻau pale i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, no laila pono nā lāʻau hoʻoikaika e hoʻoikaika hou i kēlā pale.
• Nā lāʻau pale kau: No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi lāʻau pale makahiki e pale aku ai i ka maʻi influenza, ka mea e loli i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
• I kou wā ʻelemakule: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi (e.g., shingles), no laila aia nā lāʻau pale i ʻōlelo ʻia no kēlā.
• I ka wā e huakaʻi ana i nā ʻāina ʻē: Ma kekahi mau ʻāina, pono paha ʻoe e loaʻa i ka lāʻau pale ma mua o ka huakaʻi e pale aku iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi maʻamau.

He mea nui: Inā ua nāwaliwali kou ʻōnaehana pale kino (e laʻa, kekahi e mālama ʻia ana no ka maʻi kanesa) a i ʻole ua hāpai ʻoe, ʻaʻole kūpono paha kekahi mau lāʻau pale (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā lāʻau pale ola) iā ʻoe. No laila, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi lāʻau pale.

Nā ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau pale

• Ma ke ʻano he inikini: Hāʻawi ʻia ka hapa nui o nā inikini ma ke ʻano intramuscular a i ʻole subcutaneously.
• Ma ke ʻano he wai waha: Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau pale, e like me ka lāʻau pale polio, ma ke ʻano he kulu waha.
• Ma ka pīpī ihu: Loaʻa kekahi mau lāʻau pale maʻi palū ma ke ʻano he pīpī ihu.

He aha nā pono maoli o ka lāʻau pale?

ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia nā pono o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale iā ʻoe iho. He lawelawe ia i ke kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa.

1. Ke pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho: ʻO ka mea mua a me ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai nā maʻi e hiki ke make a hoʻoulu paha i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

2. Ke pale ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe: Aia kekahi poʻe i loko o ke kaiāulu ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka lāʻau pale. No ka laʻana, nā pēpē hānau hou, nā maʻi me ka pale ʻana nāwaliwali loa. Ke loaʻa iā mākou ka lāʻau pale, e pau ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi, a loaʻa pū i kēlā poʻe kōkua ʻole ka palekana pololei ʻole. Ua kapa ʻia kēia herd Immunity .

3. Hoʻēmi i nā hoʻokipa maʻi:Inā pālahalaha kahi maʻi ahulau, hiki i nā haukapila ke piha. Hoʻemi ka lāʻau pale i ka nui o ka poʻe e maʻi nui ana, kahi e hoʻemi ai i ke kaomi ma luna o ka ʻōnaehana olakino.

4. Ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā maʻi: Ke lawa ka poʻe i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻaʻohe mea nāna e hoʻolaha i ka maʻi, a hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka maʻi mai ka honua. ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana ka mea mua i hoʻopau i ka maʻi make ʻo ka maʻi puʻupuʻu .

Nā hopohopo a me nā manaʻo kuhihewa e pili ana i nā lāʻau pale

Aia kekahi mau manaʻo kuhihewa e pili ana i nā lāʻau pale e laha ana i loko o ke kaiāulu. E ʻike kākou i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i kēlā.

• "Hoʻokumu nā lāʻau pale i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻeā?"

E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i nā lāʻau pale ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi. He mea maʻamau ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi ʻulaʻula, pehu, ʻeha, a me ke kuni iki ma kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai . ʻAʻole pono kēia mau mea he mea maikaʻi ʻole, akā he hōʻailona ia e hoʻomaka ana kāu ʻōnaehana pale e hana! E nalo loa kēia mau mea i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā. He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena alerika koʻikoʻi. Akā, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o hoʻokahi miliona.

• "He ʻoiaʻiʻo anei ke kumu o ka autism i nā lāʻau pale?"

ʻAʻole. He wahaheʻe loa kēia. Ua hoʻomaka kēia moʻolelo me kahi hōʻike noiʻi hoʻopunipuni i paʻi ʻia i nā makahiki i hala. Ua hōʻoia ʻia ma hope he hewa ʻepekema a ua huki ʻia mai ka puke pai nāna i paʻi. Mai ia manawa, ua hōʻoia pinepine nā haʻawina nui e pili ana i nā tausani o nā keiki a puni ka honua ʻaʻohe pilina ma waena o nā lāʻau pale a me ka autism.

• "Ke hoʻololi nei nā lāʻau pale i kā mākou DNA?"

ʻAʻole loa. ʻAʻohe mea i loko o kahi lāʻau pale e launa pū me a hoʻololi paha i ka DNA i loko o ka nucleus o kā mākou mau cell. ʻO ka mea kūikawā, ʻo ka "meaʻai" i loko o nā lāʻau pale mRNA e noho i loko o ke kelepona no kekahi mau lā a laila e haki maoli.

• "Ua maʻi au ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau pale. No laila, he mea ʻole ia, ʻeā?"

I kekahi manawa hiki ke hana ʻia kēlā. Aia kekahi mau kumu no kēlā. ʻAʻohe lāʻau pale i 100% ka maikaʻi. Akā inā maʻi kekahi i loaʻa i ka lāʻau pale, he maʻi palupalu loa ia, e like me ka maʻi palū a e ola koke lākou. Ua emi nui ka pilikia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi, ka hoʻokipa ʻia ʻana i ka haukapila, a i ʻole ka make. ʻO ia ka waiwai maoli o ka lāʻau pale.