He mau aa koko koʻikoʻi kou ma kou mau wāwae? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā maʻi venous!

Ke ʻike nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa i nā aʻa koko polū a poni paha i kou mau wāwae? A i ʻole ke kaumaha wale nei kou mau wāwae, ke ʻāʻī, a ʻeha paha? Manaʻo paha kekahi poʻe he mea maʻamau kēia, kahi mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ke kū ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi a i ʻole ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika iki ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke lilo i mau hōʻailona mua o kahi pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana venous o ko mākou kino, ka ʻōnaehana o nā aʻa koko e lawe ana i ke koko lepo. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku, he aha ka maʻi venous, pehea e ulu ai, a he aha kā mākou e hana ai e pale aku iā mākou iho mai ia mea.

He aha ka maʻi Venous? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou!

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka Maʻi Venous kekahi ʻano e hoʻopilikia ai i nā aʻa koko i loko o ko mākou kino, ke ʻano o nā kīʻaha koko e lawe ana i ke koko lepo i ka puʻuwai. Ua ʻike ʻoe, ua like kēia mau aʻa me nā ʻōmole hakahaka a palupalu. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa lākou o ka ʻōnaehana kahe koko e lawe ana i ke koko ma o ko mākou kino.

ʻO ka hana nui o nā aʻa koko, ʻo ia ke lawe i ke koko i nele i ka oxygen (e kapa kākou iā ia he "koko lepo") i ka puʻuwai ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ko kākou kino. A laila hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka puʻuwai i kēia koko, hoʻohui i ka oxygen, a hoʻihoʻi iā ia i ke koena o ke kino. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, lawe nā aʻa koko i ke koko maʻemaʻe a waiwai i ka oxygen mai ka puʻuwai a i ke koena o ke kino. He mea nui loa ia no ko kākou olakino e hana pono kēia mau mea ʻelua.

I kēia manawa, e nānā, aia kekahi mea kupaianaha i loko o kēia mau aa koko. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau valves . Ua like kēia me nā puka liʻiliʻi. Ke neʻe mākou, ke hele mākou, ke ʻūlū ko mākou mau ʻiʻo, e wehe kēia mau valves. A laila kahe ke koko i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka puʻuwai, i luna. Ke hoʻomaha hou nā ʻiʻo, pani kēia mau valves. A laila pau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i lalo ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi valve e hoʻōki ai i ka wai mai ke kahe ʻana i lalo ke ninini ʻoe i ka wai i loko o kahi pahu wai.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ua hōʻino ʻia nā valves i loko o nā aʻa ma muli o kēia maʻi venous, ʻaʻole paha lākou e pani pono. He aha ka mea e hana ai inā hana ʻia kēlā? E noʻonoʻo, inā ʻaʻole hiki i kēlā puka ke pani pono, hoʻomaka ke koko e kahe i hope, a i ʻole hiki ke kahe i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. ʻO ia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā pilikia, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka maʻi venous, e puka mai.

He aha nā ʻano maʻi venous? E makaʻala kākou!

Nui nā ʻano maʻi venous like ʻole. E nānā kākou i nā ʻano nui:

• Nā ʻAʻa Koko: Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hana ʻaʻole wale ma nā wāwae a me nā lima, akā, i loko nō hoʻi o nā aa koko o nā ʻōpū o loko e like me nā puʻupaʻa, ka spleen, nā ʻōpū, a me ke akepaʻa, i loko o nā aa koko o ka lolo (Cerebral Vein Thrombosis), i loko o nā aa koko o nā puʻupaʻa (Renal Vein Thrombosis), a hiki i loko o nā māmā (Pulmonary Embolism).
• ʻO ka Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): He kūlana kēia i lohe ʻia e ka poʻe he nui, a hiki ke hopohopo iki. Hana ʻia ia i ka wā e hana ʻia ai kahi ʻaʻa koko i loko o kahi aʻa koko hohonu (ma nā wāwae, i kekahi manawa ma nā lima) e holo hohonu ana i loko o ke kino.ʻAʻole hoʻoweliweli ke ola o hoʻokahi DVT . Eia nō naʻe, inā haki kēia ʻaʻa koko a hele i loko o ke koko a paʻa i loko o kahi aʻa koko i loko o nā māmā, kapa mākou ia he Pulmonary Embolism (PE), he pilikia e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.
• ʻO ka Thrombophlebitis Superficial: ʻO kēia ka wā e hana ʻia ai kahi clot koko i loko o kahi aa superficial , kokoke i ka ʻili. ʻAʻole hele pinepine kēia ʻano clot koko i nā māmā ke ʻole ia e hele mua i ka ʻōnaehana venous hohonu. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha nui.
• Ka lawa ʻole o ke koko mau loa: Hiki mai kēia ʻano ke neʻe pono ʻole ke koko i loko o nā aʻa a kū. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka pehu mau ʻana i nā wāwae, ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o nā aʻa, ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻili (ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha), a me nā ʻeha ʻaʻole e ho'ōla ʻia, i ʻike ʻia he mau ʻeha stasis venous .
• ʻO nā aʻa Varicose a me nā aʻa Spider: He ʻano maʻamau kēia i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe he nui, a i kekahi manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he pilikia hoʻonaninani. ʻO kēia ka wā e nāwaliwali ai nā paia o nā aʻa, e hoʻolilo ana i nā aʻa e wili, pehu, a ʻike ʻia ma luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻili. He liʻiliʻi nā aʻa spider , e like me nā aʻa spider.
• Nā ʻeha ʻaʻa koko: He mau ʻeha kēia e lōʻihi ai ka manawa e ho'ōla ai a i ʻole e hoʻi hou mai ma hope o ka ho'ōla ʻana. Loaʻa pinepine lākou ma lalo o ke kuli, ma loko o ka wāwae, a ma luna pono o ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae.
• Nā Fistulas Arteriovenous: He kūlana ʻano ʻē kēia kahi e pili pololei ai kahi aʻa (ke kīʻaha koko e lawe ana i ke koko maʻemaʻe) a me kahi aa koko (ke kīʻaha koko e lawe ana i ke koko lepo) me ka ʻole o kekahi mea ma waena.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia mau maʻi venous?

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia mau maʻi ma mua o kou manaʻo. No ka laʻana, ma kahi ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, ua hōʻike ʻia he ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 miliona mau kānaka i loaʻa i kēia mau maʻi. Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi e piʻi aʻe kēia helu i ka wā e hiki mai ana. No ka mea, i ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o nā kānaka a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha, piʻi pū ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau maʻi venous.

Ua manaʻo ʻia he 33% o nā pākeke, a i ʻole hoʻokahi i loko o ʻekolu, he mau aa varicose . Eia kekahi, ma kahi o 1% o nā pākeke e loaʻa i nā ʻeha wāwae venous .

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi venous? E makaʻala i kēia!

Me ka maʻi venous, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me kēia i kou mau wāwae a i ʻole nā ​​​​lima:

• ʻEha, ʻūmiʻi, a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha ma nā wāwae.
• ʻUlaʻula o ka ʻili a i ʻole ka manaʻo o ka mehana ma ia wahi.
• Ke kaumaha o ka manaʻo ma nā wāwae a i ʻole nā ​​​​lima.
• Ka maneʻo a i ʻole ka wela ʻana ma ka ʻili.
• Pehu.
• Nā aa koko e pehu ana.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​​​he mea naʻauao ke ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau ma mua o ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana iā lākou.

No ke aha e loaʻa ai kēia mau maʻi venous? He aha nā kumu?

Aia kekahi mau kumu o ka maʻi venous:

• Loaʻa kahi kīnā i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā aʻa koko i ka wā hānau.
• ʻO kekahi ulia a ʻeha paha i nā aa koko.
• Nā hopena i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi venous ʻē aʻe.
• Ka nāwaliwali o nā paia o nā aa koko ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka hāpai ʻana, ka ʻelemakule, nā cysts a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻupuʻu.
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau maʻi venous?

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi venous i kekahi poʻe ma mua o kekahi. E nānā kākou iā lākou:

• Inā loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana ka maʻi venous (mōʻaukala ʻohana).
• I ka wā hāpai (nā loli hormonal a me ke kaomi ma nā aa koko i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka pēpē e ulu ana)
• Inā ʻoi aku kou BMI (Body Mass Index) ma mua o 30. (ʻO ia hoʻi, ua kaumaha ʻoe no kou kiʻekiʻe)
• No nā wāhine. (ma muli o nā hopena hormonal)
• ʻO ka poʻe e noho lōʻihi ana ma ke kūlana hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ke kū ʻana a i ʻole ka noho ʻana. (e.g. nā kumu, nā limahana hale kūʻai, ka poʻe e hana ana ma nā keʻena e noho ana no ka manawa lōʻihi)
• No ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā pila hoʻomalu hānau a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻololi hormone.
• No ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i nā huahana paka (nā mea puhi paka).

He aha nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e hiki mai ana ma muli o nā maʻi venous?

Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia ka maʻi venous, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe. E noʻonoʻo, hoʻokahi pilikia e alakaʻi i nā pilikia he nui aku.

• ʻO nā ʻūpā koko i loko o nā aʻa koko ma luna o ka ʻili (surficial thrombophlebitis) hiki ke alakaʻi i ka deep vein thrombosis (DVT) .
• Hiki i ka DVT ke alakaʻi i ka lawa ʻole o ka venous mau loa (CVI) a i ʻole ka embolism pulmonary (PE) .
• Hiki i ka embolism pulmonary ke hana i ke koko kiʻekiʻe pulmonary .
• Hiki i nā aʻa Varicose ke hana i ka thrombophlebitis superficial a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻeha venous .
• Inā ʻaʻole e ho'ōla pono nā ʻeha venous , hiki iā lākou ke lilo i ka maʻi a hoʻoulu i nā maʻi weliweli e like me ka gangrene .

No laila, inā he mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi venous, he mea nui loa ia ʻaʻole e hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou, akā e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau a ʻimi i ka mālama kūpono.

Pehea e ʻike ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi venous?

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he mau hōʻailona kou o ka maʻi venous, ʻo ka mea mua āu e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka. E nīnau ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a inā paha ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana kēia mau kūlana (mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana). A laila e hana lākou i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. Inā pono, hiki iā lākou ke paipai i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia nei no kēia?

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi venous:

• ʻIkuhi kuʻekuʻe wāwae-brachial (ABI): Ke ana kēia i ke kahe o ke koko i nā wāwae.
• Ultrasound: ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo maʻamau a ʻeha ʻole. Hiki iā ia ke nānā i nā mea e like me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o nā aʻa koko, inā he mau ʻūpā koko, a inā paha e hana pono ana nā valves.
• ʻO ke kani ultrasound intravascular (IVUS): Pili kēia i ke komo ʻana i kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi aa koko e nānā ai.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography - CT): Hiki i kēia ke lawe i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o loko o ke kino.
• MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI): ʻO kēia kekahi hoʻāʻo e hāʻawi ana i nā kiʻi maopopo o loko o ke kino.
• Hoʻāʻo Angiogram: Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā i loko o nā aa koko a lawe ʻia kahi X-ray e ʻike inā he mau mea e ālai ana i ke kahe koko.

Na ke kauka e hoʻoholo i nā hoʻokolohua e hana ai ma muli o kou kūlana.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi venous?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi venous e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, me ke ʻano o ka maʻi, kona koʻikoʻi, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Aia kēia mau ʻano lapaʻau:

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale aku i nā ʻūpā koko, e hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻūpā koko e kū nei, a e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha.
• Nā kūpeʻe wāwae hoʻopaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​kāʻei: He mau kūpeʻe wāwae kūikawā kēia a i ʻole nā ​​kāʻei wāwae i ʻaʻahu ʻia ma nā wāwae. Hoʻopili lākou i ke kaomi i nā aa koko, e kōkua ana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i luna a hoʻēmi i ka pehu ʻana.
• Nā Hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona: He mea nui loa kēia. Nā mea e like me ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai haʻahaʻa momona, ka hoʻoikaika kino i kēlā me kēia lā, a me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka.
• Nā kaʻina hana kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻoki kino: I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha nā kaʻina hana kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻoki kino ma nā aa koko.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī

ʻOkoʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Nā Anticoagulants: Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he mau mea hoʻokahe koko.
• ʻO Thrombolytics: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea i nā hihia o nā ʻōpū koko nui, i nā kūlana pilikia.
• ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe endovenous o nā veins varicose:Hoʻohana kēia i nā ʻenehana e like me nā lasers, sclerotherapy, a i ʻole radiofrequency e hoʻopau i ka ʻāpana i hōʻino ʻia o ke aʻa koko mai loko mai.
• Ke wehe ʻana i ke koko i loko o ke ʻoki kino (Thrombectomy): Hoʻohemo ʻia kekahi mau koko nui ma kēia ʻano.
• Kānana Vena Cava: He mea kānana liʻiliʻi e like me ke kānana i kau ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa nui e pale ai i kahi ʻaʻa koko mai ka hele ʻana i nā māmā, no ka poʻe i loaʻa ka DVT akā ʻaʻole hiki ke lawe i nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko.
• ʻOki ʻana o nā aʻa: ʻOki ʻana e wehe a hoʻoponopono paha i nā aʻa koko i hōʻino ʻia.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe. E maopopo e pili ana i nā pōmaikaʻi, nā pōʻino, a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau.

Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻAe, e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i ka lāʻau ʻana i nā aʻa ke loaʻa kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao. Aia ia i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau āu e loaʻa nei. No laila, he mea nui e kūkākūkā i kēia mau mea me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau.

ʻEhia ka manawa e ʻoi aku ai koʻu maikaʻi ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi kēia mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka a ma muli o ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu wikiwiki. Hiki i kahi kūlana e like me ka superficial thrombophlebitis ke hoʻopau i loko o kekahi mau pule. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau maʻi venous ke lōʻihi ka manawa e hoʻoponopono ai. Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe ka maʻi venous mau loa , ʻo ia hoʻi ke noho me ke kūlana no ka manawa lōʻihi. E hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i kou kūlana.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi venous? ʻO ka pale ʻana ka mea maikaʻi loa!

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino o ko kākou mau aa koko a me ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular holoʻokoʻa (ʻōnaehana puʻuwai a me ke koko) hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi venous. Eia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hana i kēia:

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe, a me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, e kaohi pono iā lākou.
• E hoʻoikaika kino no ka liʻiliʻi he 30-60 mau minuke i ka lā, i ka hapa nui o nā lā o ka pule. He mea maikaʻi nā hana e like me ka hele wāwae, ke kaʻa paikikala, a me ka ʻauʻau ʻana.
• Inā he kanaka ʻoe e noho a kū paha no ka manawa lōʻihi, e neʻe a hele wāwae ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka hola. Pēlā nō hoʻi i ka wā e hele ana ʻoe.
• E pale loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana paka.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino no kou kiʻekiʻe.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka paʻakai a me ka momona paʻa.
• E hoʻokele pono i ke kaumaha.

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi venous? Mai hopohopo, hiki ke mālama ʻia!

Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i ka maʻi venous ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino a hoʻopilikia i kou ʻano ola. No laila, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau kūpono e hiki ke kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i kēia kūlana a hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ʻano ola.Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi venous, no ka laʻana nā aʻa varicose a me nā aʻa spider veins , ke hoʻi hou ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻi hou mai nā ʻeha venous .

No laila, he mea nui loa ia e hoʻomau i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ke kauoha a ke kauka a hahai i nā kuhikuhi a ke kauka. Pono paha ʻoe e hana hou i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka ultrasound e ʻike ai pehea e holo nei nā mea.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke mālama iaʻu iho? Aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana!

Inā ʻoe e noho ana a kū paha, inā hiki , e hele a puni a hoʻoneʻe i kou mau wāwae ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka hola. E kōkua kēia i ke kahe ʻana o kou koko. ʻO ka noho mamao ʻana mai nā huahana paka he kōkua nui nō hoʻi ia no ke olakino o kou mau kīʻaha koko. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua e uhaki i kēia ʻano maʻamau, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

E mālama i nā manawa a pau a kāu kauka i hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe. Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kāu mau hōʻailona maʻamau, a inā paha e ʻoi aku ka ʻino, e haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka.

Āhea ʻoe e pono ai e hele i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ? E makaʻala loa i kēia!

Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko/anticoagulants a ke kahe nui nei kou koko, e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia.

Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o ke koko i loko o nā māmā (Pulmonary Embolism - PE) , e kelepona koke i ka 911 a i ʻole kāu helu ulia pōpilikia kūloko. ʻO kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Pōkole koke ka hanu.
• ʻEha ka umauma.
• Ka wikiwiki o ka puʻuwai.
• ʻŪhū, i kekahi manawa me ke koko.
• ʻIli polū.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, e manaʻo he pilikia ia a e hele koke i ka haukapila.

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i nā nīnau e like me kēia e loaʻa ai kahi ʻike maopopo o kou kūlana:

• Pehea ke koʻikoʻi o koʻu maʻi venous?
• He aha kaʻu e hana ai e mālama ai i kēia ʻano ma ka home?
• Pono anei au i ka lāʻau lapaʻau? A i ʻole pono anei au i kekahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻoki kino paha?
• He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa ma kāu keʻena lapaʻau?

ʻO ka hope, e hoʻomanaʻo ...

ʻO ka maʻi venous kahi maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā poʻe he nui, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ke kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i kou kūlana a hoʻāʻo e hoʻokele iā ia me kā lākou kōkua. ʻO ka nui o kou ʻike e pili ana i kou kūlana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou hiki ke hana i nā hoʻoholo naʻauao a mālama pono iā ʻoe iho. No laila, mai makaʻu e nīnau, e ʻike. Ke makemake nei iā ʻoe i ke olakino maikaʻi!

ʻO ka maʻi vena, nā ʻūpā koko, DVT, nā aʻa koko ʻē aʻe, nā aʻa koko, ka pehu ʻana o ka wāwae, ke kaʻa koko