Ke makewai nei ʻoe i ka wai ʻole me ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai? Pono nō hoʻi ʻoe e hele pinepine i ka lua? Ke hana ʻoe pēlā, hoʻokahe nui ʻoe i ka mimi wai ʻole a kala ʻole? Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, mai manaʻo ʻoe ʻo ia wale nō ka "maʻi kō" a i ʻole ka maʻi diabetes a kākou a pau i ʻike ai. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i like ka inoa, akā he ʻokoʻa loa.
He aha ka maʻi diabetes insipidus?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi laha ʻole ka Diabetes Insipidus (DI). Hana ʻia ia ke hiki ʻole i kou kino ke hoʻoponopono i ka wai. ʻO ka hopena, makewai mau ʻoe a hoʻokahe nui ʻoe i ka mimi. ʻAʻohe waihoʻoluʻu a ʻala paha o kēia mimi.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ʻo ka maʻamau, hoʻokuʻu ke kanaka olakino i kahi 1-2 lita o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā. Akā, hiki i kekahi me kēia maʻi ke hoʻokuʻu i kahi mai 3 a 20 lita o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻOiai ua kapa ʻia ʻo "diabetes," ʻaʻohe ona pili i nā pae kō koko. He pilikia hormonal wale nō ia e pili ana i ka kaohi wai o ke kino.
He aha nā ʻano nui o ka maʻi diabetes insipidus (DI)?
Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o kēia ʻano ma muli o ke ʻano o kona hana ʻana.
1. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes Insipidus waena
ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia maʻi ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻia o ka hypothalamus a me ka pituitary gland i loko o ko kākou lolo. Hoʻopuka kēia mau ʻāpana a kāohi i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo vasopressin. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi kēia ʻo ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone).
ʻO ka hana a kēia hormone ADH, ʻo ia ke hāʻawi i kahi "hōʻailona" i ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa a haʻi iā lākou e mālama i ka nui o ka wai e pono ai ke kino. Ua like ia me ka puka ma luna o kahi pahu wai. Ke loaʻa ka ADH, pani ʻia ka puka a mālama ʻia ka wai. Ke nele ka ADH, wehe loa ka puka a hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā wai āpau. Ma Central DI, ʻaʻole lawa ka hana ʻana o kēia hormone ADH. No laila, hoʻokuʻu nā puʻupaʻa i ka wai me ke kāohi ʻole ʻia.
Hiki paha kēia ma muli o:
- ʻŌpū lolo
- ʻEha poʻo
- ʻoki kino
- He maʻi
2. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes Nephrogenic Insipidus
Ma kēia ʻano, hana pololei ka lolo i ka hormone ADH, akā ʻaʻole pane nā puʻupaʻa i kēlā hormone. Me he mea lā e hāʻawi ana ke aliʻi koa i nā kauoha, akā ʻaʻole hoʻolohe nā koa iā lākou. ʻO ka hopena like: hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka wai nui mai nā puʻupaʻa.
Hiki paha kēia ma muli o:
- ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me ka lithium)
- Maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka calcium a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka potassium i loko o ke koko.
3. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes insipidus hāpai
He maʻi laha ʻole kēia. E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, hiki wale nō ia i ka wā hāpai. I kekahi manawa, hiki i kahi enzyme i hana ʻia e ka placenta, ka mea e hāʻawi ana i ka meaʻai i ka pēpē, ke hoʻopau i ka hormone ADH. Nalo pinepine kēia maʻi ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia?
ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka make wai nui a me ka mimi nui, akā aia kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kū mai.
| Hōʻailona | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Makewai nui | Manaʻo e like me ʻoe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau i ka make wai ʻaʻole pili i ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai. ʻOi aku ka makemake i ka wai hau. |
| Ka nui o ka mimi ʻana (Polyuria) | Ke kahe ʻana ma mua o 3 lita o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā. Malia paha he pono e hele i ka lua i hoʻokahi manawa i ka hola. |
| Ke ala ʻana e mimi i ka pō | Pono e ala i nā manawa he nui i ka wā hiamoe e mimi ai. |
| Mimi kala ʻole | He wai hoʻokahe loa ka mimi, e like me ka wai. ʻAʻohe ona waihoʻoluʻu a ʻala paha. |
| Ka maloʻo ʻana | Ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai ma muli o ka nalowale nui ʻana o ka wai mai ke kino. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me ka waha maloʻo a me nā lehelehe, ka poniuniu, a me ka luhi nui. |
Pehea kēia mau hōʻailona no nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā pēpē?
Hiki ke paʻakikī iki ke ʻike inā loaʻa kēia ʻano maʻi i nā pēpē a me nā kamaliʻi ʻōpio, no laila he mea nui loa iā ʻoe ma ke ʻano he makua e makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona.
- Uē pinepine a me ka hoʻomaha ʻole
- ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka nele o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha
- Ka hoʻokaʻulua ʻole e ʻai a inu paha i ka waiū
- Ka pulu pinepine ʻana i ka diaper
- Kuni a me ka luaʻi
- ulu kūpilikiʻi
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona. Mai kuhi wale.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka maʻi diabetes insipidus (DI) a me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus?
ʻO kēia kahi e huikau ai nā poʻe he nui. ʻOiai ke ʻano like o ka inoa, he ʻelua mau kūlana olakino ʻokoʻa loa kēia.
| ʻAno | ʻO ka maʻi diabetes insipidus (DI) | ʻO ka maʻi diabetes mellitus |
|---|---|---|
| Kumu nui | ʻO kahi pilikia me ka hormone vasopressin (ADH), ka mea e kaohi ana i ka wai. | ʻO kahi pilikia me ka hormone insulin, ka mea e kaohi ai i ke kō. |
| Pae kō koko | Maʻamau. | Aia ma kahi pae kiʻekiʻe. |
| ʻO ke ʻano o ka mimi | Mimi wai, ʻaʻohe kala, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻAʻohe kō. | Loaʻa paha ke kō (glucose). |
| Ka pilikia nui | Ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai. | Nā pilikia e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka hōʻino ʻana o ke aʻalolo, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. |
Pehea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi?
E nīnau mua kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi nīnau kikoʻī e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona. A laila, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona.
- Urinalysis: Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana o kāu mimi a hoʻāʻo ʻia e ʻike i kona ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Nānā pū ia no ke kō. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hōʻiliʻili mimi 24 hola e ana i ka nui holoʻokoʻa.
- Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Nānā nā hoʻāʻo koko i nā pae o nā paʻakai, e like me ka sodium, a me ke kō i loko o ke koko.
- Hoʻāʻo Hoʻonele Wai: He hoʻāʻo kūikawā kēia. Ma kēia, ua noi ʻia ʻoe e inu ʻole i ka wai no kekahi mau hola. I loko o kēia manawa, ua ana mau ʻia kou kaumaha, ke koko, a me ka nui o ka mimi ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a ke kauka. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pono i ke ʻano o kou kino me ka ʻole o ka wai.
- MRI Scan: Kōkua kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike inā he pilikia me ka pituitary gland a i ʻole hypothalamus i loko o ka lolo.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau?
Hoʻopili ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ka DI āu.
- No Central DI: Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hormone synthetic i kapa ʻia ʻo Desmopressin no kēia. Ua like kēia me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hormone ADH i nele i ke kino ma waho. Hiki ke lawe ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he pīpī ihu, ma ke ʻano he papa, a i ʻole he inikini.
- No ka Nephrogenic DI: ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana. Inā loaʻa ke kūlana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kūlana ke hoʻōki ʻia ka lāʻau. A i ʻole, hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (e like me kekahi mau diuretics) e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ka mimi i hana ʻia e nā puʻupaʻa.
- No ka Gestational DI: Hiki ke hoʻohana palekana ʻia ʻo Desmopressin i ka wā hāpai. Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia ke kūlana ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka inu ʻana i ka wai he nui i nā manawa a pau . No ka mea, ke nalowale mau nei ke kino i ka wai, pono ʻoe e hoʻopiha hou i kēlā wai i nalowale.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole ka maʻi diabetes insipidus (DI) he maʻi kō koko. He pilikia hormonal ia e pili ana i ka kaohi wai i loko o ke kino.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ka make wai hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui a me ka mimi kala ʻole nui.
- ʻO ka pilikia nui a weliweli loa e hiki ke hana i kēia kūlana, ʻo ia ka maloʻo ʻana o ka wai. No laila e inu mau i ka wai he nui.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, mai kuhi, akā e ʻike pono i ke kauka a e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
- He maʻi i kāohi maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻano, no laila he mea nui loa e hahai pololei i ka lāʻau i kauoha ʻia e ke kauka.
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