Cia peb kawm txog 'Descending Aorta' hauv koj lub cev.

Koj puas tau xav paub tias cov ntshav mus los hauv peb lub cev li cas? Muaj ib txoj hlab ntshav loj uas nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen los ntawm peb lub plawv mus rau peb lub cev tag nrho. Nws hu ua aorta. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm aorta no, uas yog aorta nqis. Nws zoo li cov kav dej loj tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev!

Qhov no puas yog 'downscending aorta' ib lossis ob?

Qhov tseeb, qhov 'downscending aorta' no yog ib txoj hlab ntshav ntev. Tab sis, ib yam li lub npe ntawm tib txoj kev hloov ntawm lub nroog mus rau lub nroog, cov hlab ntshav no kuj raug hu los ntawm ntau lub npe thaum nws hla dhau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev. Xav txog, thaum lub aorta no los ntawm koj lub hauv siab, peb hu nws tias ' Descending Thoracic Aorta '. 'Thoracic' yog ib lo lus uas cov kws kho mob siv rau tej yam ntsig txog lub hauv siab. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub aorta no hla koj lub diaphragm, nws lub npe hloov dua. Qhov hauv qab lub diaphragm hu ua ' Descending Abdominal Aorta '. Qhov no yog qhov uas mus los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm koj lub plab thiab xaus ze ntawm koj lub puj ntaws.

Yog li ntawd, 'Thoracic Aorta' thiab 'Descending Aorta' puas yog tib yam?

Tsis yog, lawv tsis yog tib yam. Thaum peb hais tias 'thoracic aorta', peb txhais tau tias tag nrho cov aorta uas khiav hla koj lub hauv siab. Nws muaj ntau qhov:

• Cov hauv paus aortic: Qhov no yog qhov uas txuas nrog lub plawv.
• Ascending aorta : Qhov no yog qhov uas nce mus ntawm lub plawv.
• Aortic arch: Qhov no yog qhov uas muab lub aorta nws cov duab nkhaus, zoo li ib tug pas nrig.
• Downscending thoracic aorta: Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm 'downscending aorta' uas peb tab tom tham txog, nyob hauv lub hauv siab.

Tom qab ntawd, 'descending aorta' yog qhov uas nthuav mus rau hauv qab tom qab aortic arch. Nws mus dhau lub hauv siab (descending thoracic aorta) thiab lub plab (descending abdominal aorta). Hais yooj yim, 'thoracic aorta' thiab 'descending aorta' tsis zoo ib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj muaj ib feem ntawm 'descending aorta' sab hauv 'thoracic aorta'. Koj puas nkag siab?

Qhov txawv ntawm 'Ascending Aorta' thiab 'Descending Aorta' yog dab tsi?

Qhov no kuj yooj yim heev. Koj lub 'Ascending Aorta' yog qhov uas nkhaus mus rau saum toj ntawm koj lub plawv mus rau lub aortic arch. Nws tsuas yog nyob hauv koj lub hauv siab xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, 'Descending Aorta' pib ntawm sab tod ntawm lub aortic arch, nkhaus mus rau hauv qab. Nws khiav ntawm koj lub hauv siab mus txog rau koj lub plab.

Lub 'descending aorta' no muaj lub luag haujlwm dab tsi? Vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb ua luaj?

Qhov tseeb, 'Descending Aorta' yog ib txoj hlab ntshav uas yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev muab cov ntshav huv thiab muaj oxygen rau peb lub cev. Ib yam li txoj kev loj, qhov no yog txoj hlab ntshav tseem ceeb uas nqa cov ntshav hla koj lub hauv siab thiab lub plab. Nws yog los ntawm qhov no uas ntau txoj hlab ntshav me me ceg tawm, muab cov ntshav rau koj ntau yam kabmob thiab cov nqaij. Saib seb muaj pes tsawg yam uas 'descending aorta' thiab nws cov ceg no muab cov ntshav rau:

• Mus rau phab ntsa ntawm koj lub hauv siab
• Lub cev zom zaub mov (uas yog, koj txoj hlab pas , plab , txoj hnyuv me thiab loj)
• Rau cov raum
• Rau cov ceg
• Cov qog ntshav
• Rau cov noob qes ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov zes qe menyuam ntawm cov poj niam)
• Rau lub cev ua pa
• Cov hlab ntsha caj qaum
• Rau lub cev urinary

Xav txog seb yuav muaj pes tsawg yam uas yuav cuam tshuam yog tias cov hlab ntsha no tsis ua haujlwm zoo!

Qhov 'txoj hlab ntsha loj nqis' no nyob qhov twg tiag?

Koj lub 'downscending aorta' pib hauv koj lub hauv siab, qhov chaw uas lub aortic arch xaus. Yog hais kom meej, nws nyob tom qab qhov chaw uas koj lub left subclavian artery faib tawm ntawm lub aorta. Qhov no yog nyob rau ntawm theem ntawm koj lub thoracic vertebra thib plaub (pob txha hauv koj tus txha nqaj qaum), nyob nruab nrab ntawm koj tus txha nqaj qaum. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, nws mus rau hauv koj lub hauv siab, tom qab ntawd los ntawm koj lub diaphragm, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv koj lub plab. Lub 'downscending aorta' no xaus ze ntawm koj lub pob tw. Ntawm qhov ntawd, nws faib ua ob lub hlab ntsha, sab xis thiab sab laug iliac arteries. Cov kws tshawb fawb hu qhov kev faib no ua aortic bifurcation . Qhov ntawd yog vim lub aorta faib ua ob txoj kev tshiab rau cov ntshav mus ncig. Cov iliac arteries no ces faib ua lwm ceg uas muab ntshav rau koj ob txhais ceg thiab taw. Qhov kev faib no zoo li lub Y tig rov qab.

Cov ceg ntoo twg uas tawm ntawm 'txoj hlab ntsha loj nqis'?

Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, lub aorta nqis muaj ntau ceg uas nqa ntshav mus rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev. Nws zoo li lub cev ntoo nrog cov ceg me me. Qee cov ceg tseem ceeb uas tawm ntawm lub aorta nqis hauv thoracic yog:

• Cov hlab ntsha bronchial
• Cov hlab ntsha ntawm txoj hlab pas
• Cov hlab ntsha mediastinal
• Cov hlab ntsha pericardial
• Cov hlab ntsha sab saud ntawm lub phrenic

Tseem muaj cov ceg loj uas tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha aorta hauv plab uas nqis los. Piv txwv li:

• Cov hlab ntsha celiac ntawm lub cev
• Cov hlab ntsha Gonadal
• Cov hlab ntsha Iliac (qhov no yog qhov kawg uas yuav faib)
• Cov hlab ntsha hauv qab phrenic
• Cov hlab ntsha sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub raum (cov uas mus rau lub raum)
• Cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub duav

Koj tsis tas yuav nco ntsoov tag nrho cov npe no. Qhov tseem ceeb yog kom nkag siab tias txhua txoj hlab ntsha me me no pab txhawb nqa ntau qhov ntawm peb lub cev.

Lub 'downscending aorta' no zoo li cas? Nws loj npaum li cas?

Tag nrho lub aorta zoo li ib tug pas nrig nrog ib tug kov nkhaus. Lub ascending aorta thiab lub aortic arch ua rau lub kov zoo li ib feem ntawm tus pas nrig. Lub descending aorta yog thawj qhov tom qab lub arch, uas mus ncaj nraim. Raws li nws qhov loj me, lub cheeb tsam (uas yog, qhov dav ntawm qhov cross-section) ntawm lub aorta tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm koj lub hnub nyoog, lub cev qhov chaw, thiab poj niam txiv neej. Tab sis ntawm no yog cov nqi nruab nrab uas cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo rau:

• Qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub thoracic descending aorta yog tsawg dua 1.6 centimeters ib square meter ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub cev.
• Qhov loj ib txwm ntawm lub plab aorta nqis: tsawg dua 3 centimeters (feem ntau yog li 2 centimeters).

Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tiag yog cov hlab ntsha loj tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev!

Cov phab ntsa ntawm 'downscending aorta' ua li cas?

Yog koj saib ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub aorta no, nws muaj peb txheej ntawm cov nqaij. Nws zoo li phab ntsa ntawm lub raj, tab sis nyuaj dua.

• Tunica intima: Qhov no yog txheej sab hauv tshaj plaws. Koj cov ntshav ntws los ntawm qhov no. Txheej no tswj cov ntshav siab , tiv thaiv cov ntshav kom tsis txhob khov, thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom kom tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
• Xov Xwm: Qhov no yog txheej nruab nrab. Nws muaj cov leeg me me uas pab cov ntshav txav mus rau ib qho kev taw qhia los ntawm kev sib zog. Nws kuj muaj cov xov elastic. Cov no tuaj yeem qaug zog raws sijhawm.
• Adventitia: Qhov no yog txheej sab nraud tshaj plaws. Nws muab lub aorta nrog lub zog thiab cov qauv. Nws kuj txuas nrog cov hlab ntsha thiab cov nqaij nyob ib puag ncig.

Cov kab mob dab tsi cuam tshuam rau qhov 'downscending aorta' no?

Tu siab kawg li, txawm tias cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb no kuj tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam kab mob. Qhov feem ntau ntawm cov mob no yog aortic aneurysms . Aneurysm yog qhov chaw tsis muaj zog hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov hlab ntsha loj thiab loj. Muaj ntau hom aneurysms uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau aorta nqis:

Cov Hom Aortic Aneurysms

• Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA): Qhov no tshwm sim rau sab saud ntawm lub aorta uas khiav hla lub hauv siab. Feem ntau nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntshav siab lossis raug mob hauv siab. Cov neeg uas muaj qee yam teeb meem ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas, xws li Marfan syndrome, muaj feem yuav mob qhov no ntau dua.
• Kab mob plawv hauv plab (AAA): Qhov no yog hom kab mob plawv hauv plab uas feem ntau tshwm sim . Nws tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov ntawm lub plawv uas khiav hla lub plab. (AAA) feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoo. Nws yuav tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov txiv neej uas muaj keeb kwm haus luam yeeb. Atherosclerosis, lossis kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov rog hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, yog qhov ua rau muaj kab mob no.
• Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA): Qhov no yog ib qho aneurysm uas nthuav tawm ntawm lub hauv siab mus rau lub plab.

Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj muaj ib qho aneurysm nyob rau hauv lub descending aorta, koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas nws ntev heev. Yog tias nws loj heev, koj yuav xav tau kev kho mob kom tiv thaiv cov teeb meem uas yuav ua rau tuag taus. Piv txwv li:

Cov mob txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog aneurysms

• Kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev (Aneurysm rupture): Qhov no yog thaum muaj ib lub qhov nyob rau hauv phab ntsa (tag nrho peb txheej) ntawm lub aorta. Lub qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav ntau dhau rau hauv lub cev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus sai sai.
• Hom B aortic dissection: Qhov no yog ib qho kev rhuav tshem hauv txheej sab hauv ntawm 'descending aorta'. Cov ntshav ces puv qhov chaw ntawm cov txheej sab hauv thiab nruab nrab. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha tawg thiab txiav cov ntshav ntws mus rau qee lub cev.

Nco ntsoov, qhov aneurysm tawg lossis aortic dissection yog qhov xwm txheej ceev uas xav tau kev kho mob tam sim ntawd!

Lwm yam mob uas ua tau

Ntxiv rau cov aneurysms no, muaj lwm yam mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau 'descending aorta':

• Atherosclerosis ntawm lub aorta: cov rog deposits thoob plaws lub aorta.
• Kab mob Aortoiliac occlusive: Cov rog deposits thaiv qhov qis ntawm lub aorta (nyob ze ntawm lub aortic bifurcation) thiab cov hlab ntsha iliac.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob 'descending aorta' yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev . Kab mob Downcending Aortic yuav tsis qhia cov tsos mob . Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav tsis paub tias muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm kom txog thaum koj muaj xwm txheej ceev kho mob.Yog vim li ntawd cov kws kho mob thiaj li pom zoo kom mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua. Qhov no yog thaum koj tuaj yeem pom cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm kev mob plawv nres. Txawm tias koj muaj aneurysm hauv koj lub aorta nqis, koj yuav tsis muaj cov tsos mob kom txog thaum nws yuav tawg. Nov yog qee cov cim ceeb toom uas yuav tshwm sim ua ntej nws tawg:

• Txawm tias koj tsis tau noj ntau los xij, koj xav tias puv npo.
• Mob tas li, mob tsis tu ncua rau sab nraub qaum, pob tw, qhov chaw mos, ceg, lossis plab.
• Hnov lub plawv dhia hauv thaj tsam plab.
• Ua pa nyuaj los yog ua pa nrov nrov.

Ceeb Toom! Cov no yog xwm txheej ceev!

Kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv lossis kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub plawv yog ib qho xwm txheej ceev uas yuav tsum tau kho mob tam sim ntawd . Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no , hu rau 1990 (Sri Lanka's Suwaseriya Ambulance Service) tam sim ntawd:

• Mob plab hnyav tam sim ntawd.
• Mob sai sai, ntse, thiab mob heev rau hauv siab lossis sab nraub qaum. Nws tuaj yeem zoo li raug dua lossis raug chob.
• Txias, hws ntub.
• Kev tsis meej pem.
• Kiv taub hau los yog tsaus muag.
• Lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav.
• Ua pa nyuaj.
• Nyuaj siab hais lus.
• Pom kev tsis meej los yog tsis meej pem.
• Tsis muaj zog los yog loog ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev.

Tsis txhob nkim ib pliag ntawm lub sijhawm zoo li no!

Yuav kuaj mob li cas ntawm cov kab mob ntawm 'downscending aorta'?

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha aorta los ntawm ntau yam kev kuaj duab. Cov no yog cov txheej txheem uas thaij duab sab hauv lub cev. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv:

• Kev kuaj mob ultrasound ntawm lub plab
• Kev Siv Tshuab Xam Xim Hauv Computer (CT Angiography - CTA)
• Kev Siv Tshuab Xam Mob Hlwb (MRI) (Kev Siv Tshuab Xam Mob Hlwb Sib Nqus - MRI)
• Kev kuaj mob plawv los ntawm txoj hlab pas (transesophageal echocardiography)

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb qhov kev kuaj twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.

Cov kev kho mob rau cov mob no yog dab tsi?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas koj tus mob thiab pom zoo kom kho yog tias tsim nyog. Qee txoj kev kho mob rau aneurysm hauv lub aorta nqis suav nrog:

• Kev phais mob aneurysm: Qhov no yog ib txoj kev phais mob kom tshem tawm lossis kho qhov bulging ntawm aneurysm.
• Kho cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov ntswg (EVAR):Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxig ib lub cuab yeej zoo li stent rau hauv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm ib lub raj me me (catheter) yam tsis ua ib qho kev phais loj, thiab ua kom thaj chaw uas tau o tuaj ntxiv zog. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev tshiab.
• Cov tshuaj siv los tswj qhov loj ntawm cov aneurysm: Qhov no yuav suav nrog cov tshuaj siv los txo cov ntshav siab lossis cov roj cholesterol.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li cov lus qhia kho mob thiab mus kuaj mob raws sijhawm.

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li khaws kuv lub 'descending aorta' kom noj qab nyob zoo?

Yog, qhov no yog ib lo lus nug zoo heev. Muaj tej yam uas koj ua tau los tiv thaiv lossis ncua qhov pib ntawm kab mob aorta. Qhov tseem ceeb yog ua raws li lub neej noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia rau kev ua li ntawd:

• Txo kev haus cawv: Cov txiv neej yuav tsum tsis txhob haus ntau tshaj ob lub cawv ib hnub. Cov poj niam yuav tsum tsis txhob haus ntau tshaj ib lub cawv ib hnub.
• Noj zaub mov kom noj qab nyob zoo, sib npaug zos, thiab tsis txhob muaj ntsev ntau (sodium), roj cholesterol, thiab cov rog uas saturated fats.
• Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua: Sim ua kom muaj kev tawm dag zog nruab nrab tsawg kawg yog 150 feeb hauv ib lub lim tiam (piv txwv li, taug kev sai sai, caij tsheb kauj vab).
• Tswj kev ntxhov siab: Tej yam xws li yoga thiab kev xav yuav pab tau.
• Tsum tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab siv cov khoom luam yeeb kiag li! Qhov no yog ib qho yuav tsum ua.

Koj lub aorta nqis yog ib txoj hlab ntsha tseem ceeb heev uas pab nqa cov ntshav thoob plaws koj lub cev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua txhua yam koj ua tau kom nws noj qab nyob zoo. Kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev nyob deb ntawm kev haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kab mob aortic. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov ​​​​​​qab mus kuaj mob tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.

Yog li ntawd, yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntawm txhua yam no yog dab tsi?

Zoo, hais yooj yim xwb, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog yog:

• Lub 'Descending Aorta' yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj tshaj plaws hauv lub cev, nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau los ntawm koj lub plawv mus rau hauv koj lub hauv siab thiab lub plab.
• Qhov no yog qhov muab ntshav rau ntau yam kabmob hauv koj lub hauv siab, plab, thiab ceg.
• Cov hlab ntsha no tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob xws li aneurysm thiab atherosclerosis.
• Feem ntau, cov kab mob no tsis qhia cov tsos mob thaum ntxov, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua.
• Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob hauv siab lossis mob plab sai sai, ua pa nyuaj, lossis tsaus muag, tej zaum yuav yog xwm txheej ceev. Nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd.
• Kev ua neej noj qab nyob zoo (kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev tsis txhob haus luam yeeb) yuav pab tau koj kom cov hlab ntsha no noj qab nyob zoo.

Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov ​​qab saib xyuas qhov 'kev loj' no hauv koj lub cev, puas yog?

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Aorta, Aorta nqis, Kab mob plawv, Kab mob arterial, Aneurysm, Kev ncig ntshav