Ntshav yog dab tsi? (Ntshav) Cia peb tham txog qhov no kom meej!

Koj puas paub tias ntshav yog ib yam khoom muaj nqis heev hauv peb lub cev, zoo li lub qhov dej ntawm txoj sia, uas ntws tas li thiab pab txhua yam hauv koj lub cev kom ua haujlwm tau zoo? Txawm hais tias ntshav feem ntau yog kua, nws tuab dua dej vim nws muaj cov hlwb thiab cov protein. Yog hais kom meej, ntshav ua haujlwm zoo heev los pab kom peb lub cev noj qab nyob zoo.

Ua li cas tiag tiag rau cov ntshav?

Cov ntshav uas ntws los ntawm koj cov leeg ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus li. Xav seb tej yam me me no ua tau ntau npaum li cas.

• Cov ntshav nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham thoob plaws koj lub cev .
• Thaum koj raug mob qhov twg thiab los ntshav, nws pab tswj kev los ntshav los ntawm kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws .
• Koj lub cev tawm tsam hnyav heev los tiv thaiv nws tus kheej ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob sib kis.
• Ntshav kuj pab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg tsis xav tau uas sib sau ua ke hauv lub cev.
• Ntshav kuj tseem ceeb rau kev tswj koj lub cev kub .

Cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov ntshav yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb ces, muaj plaub feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav. Txhua feem ntawm cov no muaj nws lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb.

1. Cov qe ntshav liab

2. Cov qe ntshav dawb

3. Cov ntshav txhaws

4. Plasma

Cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov ntshav plasma yog feem ntau ntawm koj cov ntshav. Thaum muab sib xyaw ua ke, cov qe ntshav dawb thiab cov ntshav platelets yog tsawg dua 1% ntawm koj cov ntshav. Qee zaum qhov sib xyaw ntawm ob qho no hu ua 'buffy coat'.

Cov qe ntshav liab (Erythrocytes) yog dab tsi?

Tam sim no cia peb saib cov qe ntshav liab no, lossis raws li cov kws kho mob hu lawv, "Erythrocytes. " Feem ntau ntawm koj cov ntshav, kwv yees li 45%, yog ua los ntawm cov qe ntshav liab no.

• Cov qe ntshav no tau txais lawv cov xim liab tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov protein hu ua hemoglobin. Cov hemoglobin no pab cov qe ntshav liab nqa cov pa oxygen mus rau lwm cov qe ntshav kom tau lub zog.
• Qhov xav tsis thoob yog tias cov qe ntshav liab no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha me me, cov leeg ntshav, thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm koj lub cev.
• Tiamsis cov qe ntshav liab no muaj lub neej luv luv xwb. Lawv nyob tau li ntawm 120 hnub thiab raug hloov los ntawm cov qe ntshav tshiab.

Yuav ua li cas rau cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes)?

Cov qe ntshav dawb, lossis '(Leukocytes),' tsim tsawg dua 1% ntawm koj cov ntshav. Tab sis lawv yog cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm koj '(Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob).' Thaum ib tug yeeb ncuab xws li tus kab mob, cov kab mob me me, lossis cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav tawm tsam lub cev, cov qe ntshav dawb no yog cov uas maj nrawm nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem lawv. Cov qe ntshav dawb kuj tuaj yeem mus ncig los ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau cov nqaij. Muaj tsib hom qe ntshav dawb no:

• Neutrophils: Cov no tua cov kab mob thiab cov pwm, thiab tseem tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.
• Lymphocytes: Cov no suav nrog T-cells, natural killer cells, thiab B-cells. Lawv tiv thaiv kab mob viral thiab tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob los tawm tsam kab mob.
• Basophils: Cov no teb rau cov allergens.
• Eosinophils: Nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob parasites thiab cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav, thiab pab cov basophils hauv kev ua xua.
• Monocytes: Nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob virus, bacteria, fungi, thiab protozoa. Lawv kuj tshem tawm cov cell uas puas lawm.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov platelets (Thrombocytes)

Yog tias ib qho ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha raug puas tsuaj thiab koj pib los ntshav, thawj qhov uas yuav los cawm yog cov platelets (thrombocytes). Cov platelets tsim cov ntshav txhaws, uas kaw cov hlab ntsha uas puas tsuaj thiab tiv thaiv kom cov ntshav ntau tsis txhob ntws tawm ntawm lub cev.

• Cov no tsim tsawg dua 1% ntawm koj cov ntshav, tab sis muaj kaum tawm txhiab tus platelets hauv ib tee ntawm koj cov ntshav.
• Lawv tau txais lawv lub npe "platelets" vim yog txoj kev uas lawv ua haujlwm hauv cov ntshav. Platelets yog qhov sib dua ntawm cov ntshav. Lawv zoo li cov phaj, lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, qhov chaw uas cov plasma thiab lwm cov qe ntshav ntws.
• Cov ntshav platelets muaj ib txheej ntawm cov protein nplaum uas, zoo li Velcro®, pab lawv lo rau cov hlab ntsha tawg.

Plasma yog dab tsi?

Koj cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelets puav leej ntab ncig hauv cov ntshav. Cov ntshav plasma yog cov kua daj uas ua rau kwv yees li 55% ntawm koj cov ntshav. Cov ntshav plasma zoo li ib yam khoom ua ntau yam hauv koj cov ntshav, pab koj lub cev ua ntau yam. Nov yog qee yam uas cov ntshav plasma ua:

• Nws pab cov ntshav txhaws thiab tiv thaiv cov neeg tawm tsam.
• Cov tshuaj hormones thauj cov as-ham thiab cov protein mus rau ntau qhov ntawm lub cev thiab pab pauv cov pa oxygen thiab carbon dioxide.
• Nws tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov cell thiab coj lawv mus rau koj lub siab, lub ntsws, thiab lub raum kom pov tseg.
• Tswj koj cov ntshav siab thiab cov ntshav ncig.
• Nws tswj lub cev qhov kub los ntawm kev nqus thiab tso tawm cua sov.

Cov hom ntshav yog dab tsi?

Peb txhua tus tsis muaj tib hom ntshav, puas yog? Muaj plaub hom ntshav tseem ceeb. Cov hom no sib txawv nyob ntawm seb puas muaj qee cov antigens hauv cov ntshav. Antigens yog cov tshuaj uas ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob teb. Kev paub koj hom ntshav yog qhov tseem ceeb heev thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Cov ntshav tsim tawm qhov twg? Nws nyob qhov twg hauv lub cev?

Ntshav yog ib yam uas ntws thoob plaws koj lub cev. Tab sis cov ntshav no pib tsim nyob rau hauv koj cov pob txha.Cov pob txha pob txha muaj ib hom cell tshwj xeeb hu ua stem cells. Cov stem cell no ua rau muaj ntau trillions cells, suav nrog cov ntshav. Cov ntshav loj hlob thiab loj hlob hauv cov pob txha pob txha ua ntej lawv raug sau rau hauv cov hlab ntsha. Qhov ntawd puas yog qhov zoo kawg? Ntshav yog li 8% ntawm koj qhov hnyav .

Cov kab mob dab tsi feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav?

Tu siab kawg li, peb cov ntshav kuj muaj ntau yam kab mob sib txawv. Muaj peb pawg kab mob tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav: mob qog ntshav, cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav (mob ntshav), thiab mob atherosclerosis, uas yog ib yam kab mob ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha. Ntawm cov no, mob qog ntshav thiab mob ntshav yog cov uas cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov ntshav tshaj plaws.

Mob qog ntshav

Kab mob qog ntshav tshwm sim thaum muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau txoj kev tsim cov qe ntshav hauv koj lub cev. Hauv ib tus neeg uas muaj kab mob qog ntshav, cov qe ntshav tsis zoo tuaj yeem loj hlob thiab ua rau cov qe ntshav zoo li qub tsis muaj zog. Muaj peb hom kab mob qog ntshav tseem ceeb:

• Kab mob Leukemia: Qhov no yog hom mob qog ntshav uas feem ntau pom.
• Lymphoma: Qhov no yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm koj lub cev lymphatic. Koj cov pob txha pob txha, uas ua cov qe ntshav, kuj yog ib feem ntawm lub cev lymphatic.
• Myeloma: Qhov no pib hauv cov pob txha pob txha thiab cuam tshuam rau koj cov hlwb ntshav.

Lwm yam kab mob ntshav

Cov no tsis yog cov mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua rau ntau qhov ntawm koj cov ntshav tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Cov no suav nrog ntshav tsis txaus, ntshav txhaws tsis khov, thiab ntshav tsis khov.

Tej kab mob ntshav tej zaum yuav tsis muaj tsos mob thiab tej zaum yuav tsis tas yuav kho. Lwm cov yog cov kab mob "mob ntev" uas yuav tsum tau kho, tab sis feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kab mob ntshav yog cov kab mob loj heev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Cov kws kho mob kho cov kab mob ntshav no los ntawm kev tswj cov tsos mob thiab kho qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no.

Cov ntshav tsis txaus

Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus (Anemia) yog kab mob ntshav tsis txaus uas feem ntau tshwm sim. Nws tshwm sim thaum koj lub cev tsis muaj cov qe ntshav liab txaus. Tej zaum ib txhia neeg yuav muaj kab mob ntshav tsis txaus uas muaj nyob hauv lawv tsev neeg, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lawv tseem muaj sia nyob. Muaj ntau hom kab mob ntshav tsis txaus. Qee qhov feem ntau yog:

• Kev tsis muaj hlau txaus
• Kev mob ntshav tsis txaus
• Kab mob ntshav liab ntshav liab

Kev Mob Ntshav Txhaws

Kev mob ntshav txhaws cuam tshuam rau koj cov ntshav platelets lossis koj cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhaws. Cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhaws yog cov protein hauv koj cov ntshav uas pab cov ntshav platelets tswj kev los ntshav. Koj tuaj yeem muaj mob ntshav txhaws tom qab hauv koj lub neej, lossis koj tuaj yeem tau txais nws los ntawm kev puas tsuaj caj ces.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces Prothrombin thiab Factor V Leiden syndrome yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob ntshav txhaws uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj noob ces. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) thiab disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob ntshav txhaws uas tshwm sim tom qab.

Kev Mob Ntshav

Kev mob ntshav tshwm sim thaum koj cov ntshav tsis khov li qub. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj los ntshav ntau dua li qub. Kab mob Von Willebrand yog kab mob ntshav uas tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Hemophilia yog lwm yam mob uas tsis tshua muaj, uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj noob ces.

Koj cov ntshav yog ib qho khoom muaj nqis heev. Nws ib txwm saib xyuas koj lub cev, pab txhua yam kom ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb kawm tau los ntawm txhua yam no (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Koj cov ntshav yeej zoo kawg nkaus li, puas yog? Nws nqa cov pa oxygen mus rau koj cov hlwb kom ua zog. Nws tiv thaiv koj lub cev ntawm cov yeeb ncuab sab nraud. Nws tswj kev los ntshav yog tias koj raug mob. Koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas koj cov ntshav, tab sis qee zaum koj tsis tuaj yeem zam cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav. Zoo hmoo, cov kws kho mob niaj hnub no tuaj yeem kho ntau yam kab mob ntshav loj, suav nrog leukemia thiab lwm yam kab mob ntshav. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj cov ntshav lossis muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd. Yuav kom noj qab nyob zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov kua dej zoo kawg no hauv peb lub cev.

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