Thaum tus kws kho mob muab daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj rau koj thiab hais tias, "Nov yog koj daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob ," nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav ntshai me ntsis, xav paub, thiab txawm tias muaj ntau yam kev nug. Thaum peb pom cov lus kho mob thiab cov lej hauv nws, peb tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab nws. Vim li no, qee zaum peb ntshai tsis tsim nyog. Yog li, hnub no peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas nkag siab daim ntawv qhia tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj tau txais txog mob qog noj ntshav, Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kab Mob, yam tsis ntshai.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kab Mob Pathology yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, ib daim ntaub me me, txawm yog phais los yog los ntawm kev kuaj mob, raug coj los ntawm thaj chaw uas koj lub cev xav tias muaj mob thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj. Muaj ib tug kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntaub no. Peb hu nws ua Pathologist . Nws saib daim ntaub no hauv qab lub tshuab microscope, ua qhov kev kuaj ntxiv, thiab npaj ib daim ntawv hu ua Pathology Report uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb heev xws li seb puas muaj cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav hauv, yog tias muaj, lawv yog hom twg, thiab seb lawv puas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov.
Tus kws kho mob uas kho koj yuav txiav txim siab seb txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj yog dab tsi raws li cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim ntawv qhia no. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev.
Daim ntawv qhia no muaj dab tsi?
Cov ntawv qhia no yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm hom mob qog noj ntshav. Tab sis muaj qee yam uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv txhua daim ntawv qhia. Cia peb tham txog lawv ib qho zuj zus.
1. Koj cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej thiab cov qauv (Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txheeb Xyuas)
Qhov no suav nrog koj lub npe, hnub yug, tus lej sau npe hauv tsev kho mob, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj tus kws kho mob, tus kws kho mob uas tau kuaj cov nqaij, thiab chav kuaj mob. Nws kuj tseem hais tias qhov twg hauv lub cev tau coj cov qauv thiab seb nws puas tau txais los ntawm kev phais lossis kev kuaj nqaij.
2. Kev Piav Qhia Tag Nrho
Qhov no yooj yim heev. Ua ntej tus kws tshwj xeeb saib daim ntaub so ntswg hauv qab lub tshuab microscope, nws sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas pom tau nrog lub qhov muag liab qab. Piv txwv li, nws qhov loj (feem ntau yog hauv centimeters), qhov hnyav, xim, thiab cov duab . Tab sis nco ntsoov, qhov loj ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tsuas yog ib feem ntawm zaj dab neeg. Qee zaum, cov qog nqaij hlav loj dua tuaj yeem loj hlob qeeb dua li cov qog nqaij hlav me dua.
3. Kev Piav Qhia Txog Microscopic
Nov yog qhov uas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog. Nov yog qhov uas tus kws kho mob sau cia qhov nws pom tom qab txiav cov ntaub so ntswg ua tej daim nyias nyias, siv cov xim tshwj xeeb rau lawv, thiab saib lawv hauv qab lub tshuab microscope muaj zog heev. Ntu no suav nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv, xws li cov hlwb qog noj ntshav zoo li cas, lawv piv rau cov hlwb ib txwm li cas, thiab seb lawv puas tau kis mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig.
Muaj qee cov lus tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv seem no uas yuav coj koj txoj kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob. Cia peb nkag siab lawv kom meej.
| Lo lus hais hauv daim ntawv qhia | Lub ntsiab lus yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Qib | Qhov no yog hais txog qhov txawv (txawv txawv) ntawm cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav thiab cov hlwb noj qab nyob zoo. Qib siab dua, qhov muaj feem ntau dua uas cov qog noj ntshav yuav loj hlob thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov.
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| Kev cuam tshuam / Tsis cuam tshuam | Tsis yog mob qog nqaij hlav (in situ): Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov nqaij uas nws pib xwb. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws tsis tau kis mus rau thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Qhov no yog ib qho mob zoo. Kab mob kis mus rau lwm qhov chaw: Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tus kab mob tau kis mus dhau qhov chaw uas nws pib, mus rau hauv cov nqaij noj qab nyob zoo ib puag ncig. |
| Qhov Ntug Mob Qog | Thaum tus kws phais tshem tawm cov qog nqaij hlav, nws yuav tshem tawm ib thaj chaw me me ntawm cov nqaij noj qab nyob zoo nyob ib puag ncig nws. Cov nqaij noj qab nyob zoo ntawd hu ua ntug. Ntu ntug raug kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav.
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| Cov qog ntshav | Cov qog nqaij hlav yog ib feem ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Yuav kom pom tias tus mob qog nqaij hlav puas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov, peb tshem tawm ob peb lub qog nqaij hlav ze ntawm lub qog nqaij hlav thiab kuaj lawv.
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| Tus Nqi Mitotic | Qhov no ntsuas seb cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav faib thiab loj hlob sai npaum li cas. Tus nqi siab dua txhais tau tias cov qog noj ntshav loj hlob sai. |
4. Theem Mob Cancer
Qhov no yog ib yam uas ntau tus neeg xav paub. Theem mob qog noj ntshav yog ib daim duab dav dav ntawm seb mob qog noj ntshav loj npaum li cas thiab nws kis mus deb npaum li cas. Qhov no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev siv lub kaw lus hu ua TNM system .
- T (Qog): Qhov loj thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus qog mob qog thawj.
- N (Cov qog): Seb tus mob qog puas tau kis mus rau cov qog ntshav ze lossis tsis yog.
- M ( Metastasis ): Seb tus mob qog noj ntshav puas tau kis mus rau lwm yam kabmob (piv txwv li siab , ntsws , hlwb) deb ntawm qhov chaw nws pib.
Raws li cov nqi TNM no, mob qog noj ntshav tau muab ib theem tag nrho siv cov lej Roman I, II, III, thiab IV. Theem I yog theem thaum ntxov tshaj plaws. Theem IV yog theem siab tshaj plaws, thaum mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus dav heev. Qee cov mob qog noj ntshav kuj muaj theem hu ua Theem 0. Qhov no txhais tau tias mob qog noj ntshav tsis tau kis mus thiab nyob rau theem thaum ntxov tshaj plaws.
5. Kev kuaj mob zaum kawg thiab cov lus qhia ntxiv
Thaum kawg ntawm daim ntawv qhia, tus kws kho mob yuav sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no thiab muab nws qhov xaus lus kawg. Qhov no hu ua kev kuaj mob . Qhov no yuav qhia meej txog hom mob qog noj ntshav, qib, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov qog ntshav, qhov xwm txheej ntawm ntug, thiab theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.
Qee zaum, yog tias qhov kev kuaj mob nyuaj me ntsis, daim ntawv tshaj tawm kuj tseem yuav muaj ntu lus piav qhia los piav qhia lossis qhia lwm yam kev kuaj mob.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, tsis txhob tsuas nyeem daim ntawv qhia no koj tus kheej thiab maj mam xaus lus xwb. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia txhua lo lus thiab txhua daim ntaub ntawv hauv nws rau koj. Nug nws txog txhua lo lus nug, kev txhawj xeeb, lossis kev tsis ntseeg uas koj muaj.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Koj daim ntawv qhia txog tus kab mob qog noj ntshav yog ib daim ntawv tseem ceeb heev uas pab koj txiav txim siab txog koj tus mob thiab kev kho mob yav tom ntej.
- Cov lus zoo li Qib (Grade), Theem (Stage), Ntug (Margin), thiab Qhov Xwm Txheej ntawm Cov Qog Nqaij (Lymph Node Status) piav qhia txog qhov xwm txheej, qhov dav, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob qog nqaij hlav.
- Yog tias daim ntawv tshaj tawm hais tias Negative Margin (tsis muaj cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav ntawm ciam teb) thiab Negative Lymph Nodes (tsis muaj cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov nodes), qhov ntawd yog xov xwm zoo heev.
- Yog koj muaj lus nug lossis tsis ntseeg txog ib yam dab tsi hauv daim ntawv qhia no, thov nug koj tus kws kho mob kom paub meej ntxiv. Koj tsis tas yuav ntshai lossis txaj muag. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom paub meej.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus