Thaum koj tus kws kho mob hais kom koj ua ib qho kev kuaj hu ua 'Flow Cytometry', tej zaum koj yuav ntshai me ntsis thaum koj hnov lub npe. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, "Qhov kev kuaj no muaj npe txawv txawv yog dab tsi?" Tab sis tsis tas yuav ntshai. Nws tsis nyuaj lossis txaus ntshai li koj xav. Hais yooj yim xwb, nws yog ib qho kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb uas saib cov cell hauv peb lub cev kom meej. Cia peb tham txog nws kom meej thiab yooj yim.
Hais yooj yim xwb, 'Flow Cytometry' yog dab tsi?
Xav txog koj muaj ib pawg hlaws dai uas muaj xim sib txawv. Koj yuav tsum suav thiab cais tsuas yog cov liab thiab cov xiav xwb. Qhov kev sim no hu ua 'Flow Cytometry' ua tib yam, tab sis es tsis txhob siv cov hlaws dai, nws siv cov hlwb los ntawm peb lub cev.
Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj uas siv cov thev naus laus zis siab heev. Qhov koj ua ntawm no yog tias cov qe ntshav los ntawm cov ntshav, cov pob txha, lossis cov nqaij ntshiv uas coj los ntawm koj raug muab tso rau hauv cov kua thiab xa mus rau hauv lub tshuab tshwj xeeb. Lub tshuab no tshuaj xyuas cov qe ntshav ntawd ib qho zuj zus, sai heev. Lub tshuab no tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas txog 10,000 lub qe ntshav hauv ib feeb xwb.
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv qhov kev kuaj no rau tej yam xws li:
- Suav cov cell: Suav tus lej tseeb ntawm ib hom cell tshwj xeeb hauv ib qho qauv.
- Cais cov cell: Cais thiab txheeb xyuas cov cell sib txawv ntawm ib leeg.
- Saib tus cwj pwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell: Xyuas seb cov cell puas noj qab nyob zoo thiab seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lawv txoj haujlwm.
- Tshawb nrhiav mob qog ntshav thiab pob txha: Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau kev tshawb nrhiav thiab npaj kev kho mob rau cov mob xws li mob ntshav dawb thiab mob lymphoma.
- Nrhiav cov cim qhia txog kab mob: Txheeb xyuas qee yam tshuaj (cov cim) uas muab cov lus qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntawm tus kab mob qog noj ntshav lossis nws cov lus teb rau kev kho mob.
- Immunophenotyping: Txheeb xyuas cov hom hlwb sib txawv hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Qhov kev xeem no ua tiav thaum twg?
Qhov kev kuaj no yog qhov pom zoo thaum tus kws kho mob xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov hlwb hauv koj lub cev. Tshwj xeeb, yog tias koj pom muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj ntshav niaj hnub (Full Blood Count - FBC/CBC), qhov kev kuaj no yuav raug txiav txim siab ua kauj ruam tom ntej. Piv txwv li, yog tias daim ntawv qhia FBC qhia txog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov lymphocytes, qhia txog qhov muaj cov hlwb ntshav tsis tau loj hlob, qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem saib xyuas qhov no ntxiv.
Muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb uas qhov kev xeem no tseem ceeb:
- Mob qog ntshav: Txhawm rau kuaj mob xws li mob leukemia thiab lymphoma thiab txiav txim siab lawv hom tseeb.
- Lwm yam kab mob ntshav: Txhawm rau kuaj mob qee yam kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj, tab sis loj heev uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav.
- Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob: Hauv cov mob xws li HIV lossis kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo txij thaum yug los, ntsuas tus lej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav: Qhov kev kuaj no kuj tseem ceeb heev los xyuas seb tus mob qog noj ntshav zoo li cas (nws mob hnyav npaum li cas), seb nws puas teb rau ib qho kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, thiab seb tus kab mob puas tau "rov qab los" tom qab kev kho mob.
Qhov kev xeem 'Flow Cytometry' ua haujlwm li cas tiag?
Txawm hais tias lub npe ntawm qhov no nyuaj heev los, cov txheej txheem yooj yim heev thaum koj nkag siab nws ib kauj ruam zuj zus. Nws yuav yog qhov kev nplij siab rau koj kom paub tias qhov no yuav ua li cas rau koj.
| Cov kauj ruam | Yuav ua li cas (tsuas yog) |
|---|---|
| 1. Tau txais cov qauv | Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib qho qauv ntawm koj cov ntshav, pob txha, lossis cov nqaij thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj. |
| 2. Kev npaj ntawm tes | Hauv chav kuaj, cov qauv cell no raug yaj rau hauv cov kua. Tom qab ntawd, cov hom cell tshwj xeeb raug "tagged" siv cov xim fluorescent tshwj xeeb. Nws zoo li muab cov ntawv nplaum sib txawv xim rau ntawm ntau hom cell. |
| 3. Ntxig rau hauv lub tshuab | Cov cell sib xyaw uas muaj xim pleev no tau muab tso rau hauv Flow Cytometer . |
| 4. Lub teeb laser thiab kev tsom xam | Lub tshuab xa ib lub teeb laser hla cov cell, ib qho dhau ib qho, ua ib kab. Lub tshuab ntsuas seb lub teeb tawg li cas thaum nws ntaus txhua lub cell. Tus qauv tawg no siv tau los txheeb xyuas hom, qhov loj, thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm lub cell. |
| 5. Daim ntawv qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv | Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj thiab daim ntawv qhia raug tsim los ua cov duab kos thiab cov ntawv sau cia. |
| 6. Kev txhais lus ntawm daim ntawv qhia | Ib tug kws tshwj xeeb hauv daim teb no, lossis ib tug kws kho mob pathologist , yuav kawm daim ntawv qhia no, suav nrog lawv cov lus xaus, thiab xa daim ntawv qhia tiav rau koj tus kws kho mob. |
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias tag nrho cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim hauv chav kuaj. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog muab cov qauv. Yog li koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog lub tshuab no lossis cov txheej txheem.
Cov txiaj ntsig qhia li cas?
Tej zaum yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub lossis ib lub lim tiam thiaj li tau txais cov txiaj ntsig. Tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav saib cov qauv ntawm cov cim, lossis cov antigens, ntawm qhov chaw ntawm koj cov hlwb.
- Cov cell noj qab nyob zoo: Ib lub cell noj qab nyob zoo muaj cov qauv cim ib txwm muaj uas tsim nyog rau hom cell thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev.
- Cov hlwb tsis zoo: Ib lub hlwb tsis zoo, xws li cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav, muaj cov cim qhia txawv txawv.
Tus 'Pathologist' txheeb xyuas cov qauv no thiab npaj daim ntawv qhia.
Thaum koj tus kws kho mob tau txais daim ntawv qhia no, nws tsis yog tsuas yog saib thiab txiav txim siab xwb. Nws piv rau koj cov tsos mob, koj keeb kwm kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho, thiab txhua qhov kev kuaj lub cev tsis ntev los no . Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nws thiaj li piav qhia rau koj tias cov txiaj ntsig txhais li cas.
Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo yuav qhia tau tias muaj tej yam mob xws li:
- Kab mob leukemia lymphoblastic mob hnyav
- Kab mob leukemia myeloid mob hnyav
- Kab mob leukemia lymphocytic ntev
- ntau yam mob myeloma
- Cov kab mob lymphomas uas tsis yog Hodgkin
Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo li qub, yuav ua li cas tom ntej?
Yog tias muaj qhov tsis zoo li qub ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tham nrog koj kom meej thiab piav qhia txog cov kauj ruam tom ntej thiab cov kev xaiv kho mob.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev xeem 'Flow Cytometry' no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev, vim nws muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog tej yam xws li:
- Tus kab mob no ua rau neeg mob hnyav npaum li cas?
- Puas yuav muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb twg uas ua tau zoo?
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob rov tshwm sim tom qab kho mob yog dab tsi?
Txoj kev npaj kho mob uas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj yog tsim los ntawm kev xav txog txhua yam no.
Qee zaum, yuav tsum tau kuaj ntau yam kom paub tseeb tias muaj kab mob. Nws yuav ua rau koj lub siab thiab lub cev qaug zog heev. Tab sis nco ntsoov, cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm kev kuaj mob zoo li 'Flow Cytometry' muaj nqis heev rau koj tus kws kho mob. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog pab kuaj mob xwb, tab sis kuj pab tsim kom muaj txoj kev kho mob 'tus kheej' uas tshwj xeeb rau koj.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- `Flow Cytometry` tsis yog ib qho kev phais lossis kev kho mob uas txaus ntshai. Nws yog ib qho kev kuaj tshwj xeeb uas ua hauv chav kuaj siv cov qauv uas koj tau los ntawm koj.
- Qhov kev kuaj no muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog koj cov cell, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev kuaj mob qog ntshav thiab teeb meem ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog muab ib qho qauv, xws li ntshav. Qhov seem ntawd tshwm sim hauv chav kuaj.
- Thaum koj tau txais koj daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob, tsis txhob sim nyeem thiab nkag siab nws ntawm koj tus kheej. Ib txwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov ntawd. Nws yuav yog tus uas yuav txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig nrog koj tus mob, piav qhia kom meej, thiab qhia koj txog cov kauj ruam tom ntej.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus