Ua ib leej niam los yog ib leej txiv, koj yeej ib txwm sim ua kom koj tus menyuam lub neej yav tom ntej zoo nkauj thiab tiv thaiv lawv ntawm txhua yam kab mob, puas yog? Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov menyuam yaus ntawm ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav loj uas lawv yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej. Ntawd yog tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam yaus xwb, tab sis nws kuj tseem ceeb rau koj, cov tub ntxhais hluas. Cia peb tham txog txhua yam hauv cov lus yooj yim.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, HPV yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, HPV yog ib hom kab mob. Yog hais kom meej, nws yog ib hom kab mob hu ua "Human Papillomavirus". Nws yog ib hom kab mob uas feem ntau kis tau, zoo li mob khaub thuas. Tab sis nws kis tau los ntawm kev sib chwv ze ntawm daim tawv nqaij, xws li thaum sib deev. Nws yog ib qho uas feem ntau kis tau uas kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev sib deev yuav kis tus kab mob HPV no rau qee lub sijhawm hauv lawv lub neej.
Tiamsis tsis txhob txhawj. Feem ntau, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem tawm tsam tus kab mob thiab tua nws. Peb tsis txawm pom nws.
Tiam sis qee zaum, qee hom kab mob HPV tsis tawm hauv lub cev. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub cev ntev thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog mob qog noj ntshav. Tus kab mob HPV no yog qhov ua rau muaj feem pua ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam ntau heev. Nws kuj ua rau mob qog noj ntshav ntsig txog qhov chaw mos, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov quav, thiab mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov ncauj thiab caj pas. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob HPV no kuj yog qhov ua rau muaj mob hu ua mob qog noj ntshav ntawm qhov chaw mos.
Yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV?
Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yog tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, tsis yog kev kho mob rau kev kis kab mob. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias yog tias koj tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej koj raug tus kab mob HPV, nws yuav tiv thaiv koj kom tsis txhob kis kab mob yog tias koj tau txais tus kab mob. Nws zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob polio thiab qhua pias uas tau muab rau thaum menyuam yaus.
Nco ntsoov tias, yog tias koj twb muaj ib hom kab mob HPV lawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsis kho tau qhov kab mob ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj ntawm lwm hom kab mob HPV uas koj tseem tsis tau muaj kab mob.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau tiv thaiv:
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub tsev menyuam
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub qhov quav
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov chaw mos
- Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov quav
- Mob qog noj ntshav tom qab caj pas (mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub qhov ncauj)
- Cov pob khaus ntawm qhov chaw mos
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum tiv thaiv tus kab mob uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav ua ntej. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias qhov no zoo li tshuaj tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav.
Muaj pes tsawg hom tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV?
Yog, muaj peb hom tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV. Tab sis tam sim no, tsuas muaj ib hom xwb uas siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab muab kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Cia peb saib qhov ntawd.
| Lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob | Hom kab mob HPV uas muab kev tiv thaiv thiab lawv qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Gardasil-9 | Qhov no yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj txhij txhua yam tshaj plaws . Nws tiv thaiv tau 9 hom kab mob HPV.
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| Gardasil | Nov yog thawj koob tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau tawm los. Nws tiv thaiv tau 4 hom HPV (16, 18, 6, 11). Nws txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam los ntawm 70%. |
| Cervarix | Qhov no tsuas yog tiv thaiv ob hom HPV uas muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav tshaj plaws - HPV-16 thiab 18. Nws tsis tiv thaiv cov pob khaus ntawm qhov chaw mos. |
Koj tuaj yeem nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tam sim no muaj nyob hauv Sri Lanka los ntawm tsoomfwv thiab cov tuam txhab ntiag tug.
Leej twg yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no? Lub hnub nyoog zoo tshaj plaws yog thaum twg?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no raug pom zoo rau txhua tus, tsis hais poj niam txiv neej, vim tias tus kab mob HPV cuam tshuam rau ob leeg poj niam txiv neej. Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ua ntej pib muaj kev sib deev.
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 9 thiab 12 xyoos: Nov yog lub hnub nyoog zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsim nyog tshaj plaws los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum lub hnub nyoog no, cov menyuam yaus lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog heev, yog li ntawd, kev teb rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab heev. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv uas muab yog qhov siab tshaj plaws.
- Cov tub ntxhais hluas hnub nyoog txog 26 xyoo:Yog tias koj tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no thaum koj tseem hluas, peb xav kom koj txhaj thaum koj muaj hnub nyoog 26 xyoo. Txawm tias koj pib txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tsum tsis txhaj ib nrab los xij, koj tseem txhaj tau cov tshuaj uas seem tas.
- Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog ntawm 27 thiab 45: Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov neeg hauv pawg hnub nyoog no yuav txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Qhov no yog vim tias ntau tus neeg thaum muaj hnub nyoog no tej zaum yuav tau raug ntau hom HPV. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tshiab rau kev sib deev lossis tau muaj kev sib deev tsawg dua, koj kuj tseem yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no ua ntej txiav txim siab.
Puas muaj cov neeg uas yuav tsum tsis txhob txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob?
Yog, qee zaum nws tsis tsim nyog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no.
- Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub: Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no thaum cev xeeb tub tseem tsis tau muaj kev tshawb fawb txaus, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab koj yug koj tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tau txais ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tom qab ntawd pom tias koj cev xeeb tub, tsis txhob txhawj. Tsis muaj lus ceeb toom tias nws ua rau koj tus menyuam raug mob.
- Cov neeg uas tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav rau koob tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yav dhau los: Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav rau koob tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yav dhau los, lossis yog tias koj muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj hnyav rau txhua yam hauv koob tshuaj tiv thaiv (piv txwv li, poov xab).
- Cov neeg uas muaj mob hnyav lossis mob nruab nrab: Yog tias koj muaj mob xws li kub taub hau lossis hnoos, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab koj zoo tag nrho.
Yuav txhaj tshuaj pes tsawg koob thiab teem sijhawm txhaj tshuaj li cas?
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov koob tshuaj uas koj tau txais nyob ntawm seb koj muaj pes tsawg xyoo thaum koj pib txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
| Pawg hnub nyoog | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov koob tshuaj uas xav tau | Teem sijhawm |
|---|---|---|
| Muaj hnub nyoog 9 - 15 | 2 koob tshuaj | Koob tshuaj thib ob yuav tsum tau muab ntawm 6 thiab 12 lub hlis tom qab koob tshuaj thawj zaug. |
| Muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoo thiab laus dua | 3 koob tshuaj | Koob tshuaj thib ob 1-2 lub hlis tom qab koob tshuaj thawj zaug. Koob tshuaj thib peb 6 lub hlis tom qab koob tshuaj thawj zaug. |
Lus Cim Tshwj Xeeb: Cov neeg uas muaj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo, txawm muaj hnub nyoog li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob 3 koob tshuaj.
Cov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yog dab tsi?
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no yog tias nws tiv thaiv tau cov mob qog noj ntshav loj uas yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej.
- Rau cov ntxhais thiab cov poj niam: Cov feem pua ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam tau poob qis thoob ntiaj teb txij li thaum muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xyoo 2006. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas tuaj yeem cawm tau txoj sia.
- Rau cov tub hluas thiab cov txiv neej: Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias qhov no tsuas yog tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov ntxhais xwb. Qhov ntawd tsis yog lawm. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no pab tiv thaiv kab mob qog caj pas, qhov quav, thiab qhov chaw mos uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov txiv neej. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus khub yav tom ntej los ntawm tus kab mob HPV.
Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov ntxhais xwb. Nws tseem ceeb ib yam li ntawd rau cov tub hluas. Thaum txhua tus tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv, tag nrho lub zej zog tau txais kev tiv thaiv los ntawm HPV.
Koj puas yuav tsum ntshai tsam muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo?
Yeej tsis yog li ntawd. Tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yog ib yam tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj kev nyab xeeb heev. Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tsis zoo me me xwb. Tiam sis lawv tsuas yog ib ntus xwb.
- Mob, o, lossis liab ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj
- Mob taub hau los yog nkees
- Mob nqaij lossis mob pob qij txha
- kiv taub hau
- Kub taub hau zoo li kub taub hau
- Xeev siab
Cov tsos mob no ploj mus tag hauv ib lossis ob hnub. Kev ua xua hnyav heev tsis tshua muaj.
Cov neeg hauv zej zog muaj kev nkag siab yuam kev txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog dab tsi?
Tu siab kawg li, muaj cov lus qhia tsis tseeb thiab cov lus dab neeg uas ncig thoob plaws hauv zej zog txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no. Cia peb paub txog qhov ntawd thiab.
Cuav 1: Kev muab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no rau cov menyuam yaus yuav txhawb kom lawv sib deev thaum lawv tseem hluas.
Qhov Tseeb: Qhov no tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. Tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb twg uas tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no thiab thaum ib tug me nyuam pib sib deev. Qhov no zoo li hais tias, "Yog tias koj hnav lub kaus mom hlau los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm qhov xwm txheej, koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua los ua qhov xwm txheej." Peb tab tom muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv lawv ntawm cov kab mob yav tom ntej, thaum lawv loj hlob thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo zoo.
Cuav 2: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsuas yog tseem ceeb rau cov ntxhais xwb.
Qhov Tseeb:Zoo li peb tau tham txog ua ntej lawm, qhov no tseem ceeb rau cov tub hluas ib yam nkaus. Tus kab mob HPV kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv cov txiv neej thiab. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj pab tiv thaiv koj kom tsis txhob ua tus nqa tus kab mob thiab kis mus rau lwm tus.
Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau (FAQ)
Kuv puas yuav tsum tau kuaj Pap vim kuv tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV lawm?
Koj yuav tsum ua li ntawd tiag! Qhov no tseem ceeb heev. Txawm hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau koj tiv thaiv cov kab mob HPV tseem ceeb uas ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam, nws tsis tiv thaiv koj ntawm txhua hom kab mob HPV uas ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv tsev menyuam (Pap test) raws sijhawm.
Puas muaj ib qho laj thawj twg uas kuv yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog tias kuv twb muaj HPV lawm?
Qhov ntawd yog ib yam uas koj yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj ntawm hom HPV uas koj twb tau kis tus kab mob lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj ntawm lwm hom HPV uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npog uas koj tseem tsis tau kis tus kab mob.
Kuv tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qub lawm (Gardasil/Cervarix). Kuv puas yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj Gardasil-9 tshiab thiab?
Feem ntau tsis pom zoo kom ua li no. Txawm tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qub lawm los, koj twb tau tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm cov kab mob HPV uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav ntau tshaj plaws. Yog li, nrog rau kev kuaj Pap tsis tu ncua, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawd txaus lawm. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog qhov no, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- HPV yog ib hom kab mob uas feem ntau ua rau muaj ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav loj, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsev menyuam.
- Tshuaj tiv thaiv HPV yog ib txoj hauv kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo heev los tiv thaiv cov mob qog noj ntshav thiab cov pob khaus ntawm qhov chaw mos.
- Lub hnub nyoog zoo tshaj plaws los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ntawm 9-12 xyoos. Qhov no yog qhov pom zoo rau cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam.
- Txawm tias koj twb tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lawm los xij, nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov poj niam kom kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub tsev menyuam tsis tu ncua (kev kuaj Pap).
- Yog koj muaj lus nug lossis kev tsis ntseeg txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no, tsis txhob ntseeg cov kev nkag siab yuam kev hauv internet, tab sis nug koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws muag tshuaj . Qhov ntawd yog qhov yog.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus