Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis: Tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav nrog koj lub cev lub zog

Thaum peb xav txog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, peb xav txog kev kho mob xws li chemotherapy thiab radiotherapy, puas yog? Tab sis koj puas paub tias ntxiv rau cov no, muaj ib txoj kev kho mob tshiab, siab heev uas siv tau peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tawm tsam cov hlwb qog noj ntshav? Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua immunotherapy.

Yog li, hais yooj yim xwb, immunotherapy yog dab tsi?

Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib txoj kev kho mob uas ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo , lossis 'ua kom nws sawv', los pab nws paub, tawm tsam, thiab rhuav tshem cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis. Nws zoo li kev cob qhia koj tus kheej cov tub rog tiv thaiv kom nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab zais (cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav).

Tam sim no, cov kws kho mob feem ntau siv txoj kev kho mob no rau mob qog noj ntshav mis triple-negative, ib hom uas nyuaj kho. Nws kuj tseem siv rau mob qog noj ntshav mis metastatic . Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob rau lwm hom mob qog noj ntshav mis, xws li HER2-positive thiab ER-positive.

Kev kho mob no ua haujlwm li cas hauv peb lub cev?

Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, cia peb muab ib qho piv txwv me me. Xav txog tias peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo li tub ceev xwm hauv peb lub tebchaws. Txoj haujlwm ntawm tub ceev xwm yog txheeb xyuas thiab ntes cov neeg phem thiab cov tub sab. Ob lub hlwb noj qab haus huv thiab cov hlwb mob qog noj ntshav hauv peb lub cev muaj cov protein tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv qhov chaw. Peb hu cov antigens no.

Tiamsis cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav yog cov tub sab uas ntse heev. Qee cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav, los ntawm kev hloov cov protein ntawm lawv qhov chaw, zais lawv tus kheej thiab qhia lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tub ceev xwm, "Kuv tsis phem, kuv yog ib tug ntawm koj li." Ces tub ceev xwm tsis tuaj yeem paub tus tub sab no. Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob nyob ntawm no los tiv thaiv txoj haujlwm ntse no.

Kev kho mob no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb:

• Kev Kho Mob Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob: Qhov no suav nrog kev muab kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tau kawm kom paub txog cov cim tshwj xeeb (antigens) uas pom tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm cov hlwb qog noj ntshav thiab tsuas yog tawm tsam lawv xwb.
• Kev Kho Mob Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Tsis Siv Tshuaj: Qhov no suav nrog kev txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas ua nyob rau hauv chav kuaj rau hauv lub cev. Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm zoo li ib pab pawg 'tub rog tshwj xeeb' uas los pab peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj mus ncaj qha rau cov hlwb qog noj ntshav thiab qhib lawv lub ntsej muag thiab ua rau lawv pom.

Cov tshuaj kho mob twg siv tau rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis?

Tam sim no muaj ob hom tshuaj kho mob tseem ceeb uas tau pom zoo rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv ntiaj teb.

1. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®): Qhov no yog cov tshuaj uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Nws yog muab tshwj xeeb rau mob qog noj ntshav mis triple-negative. Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thaiv cov protein tshwj xeeb uas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav siv los nkaum lawv tus kheej. Qhov no tso cai rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom yooj yim dua los paub thiab tawm tsam cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Qee zaum cov tshuaj no raug muab ua ntej thiab tom qab phais kom tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav kom tsis txhob rov qab los.

2. Dostarlimab (Jemperli®): Cov tshuaj no yog muab rau cov neeg mob uas mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov tom qab kev kho mob thiab cov neeg uas muaj ib qho cim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob caj noob ces (qog qog nqaij hlav) hauv lawv cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav.

Kev kho mob no yuav muab li cas thiab yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas?

Cov tshuaj kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob raug muab los ntawm cov leeg ntshav, zoo li cov kua saline, hu ua kev txhaj tshuaj intravenous (IV) . Kev kho mob no feem ntau yog muab txhua 3 txog 6 lub lis piam. Nyob ntawm koj tus mob, kev kho mob no yuav kav ntev li ob peb lub hlis mus txog ob xyoos. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab rau lub sijhawm.

Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob (immunotherapy) ua tau zoo npaum li cas?

Txoj kev kho mob no tseem tshiab heev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav mis triple-negative, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua ke nrog kev kho mob chemotherapy tuaj yeem txhim kho lub sijhawm muaj sia nyob ntau dua li kev kho mob chemotherapy ib leeg. Qhov no muaj kev cia siab tiag tiag.

Tam sim no muaj ntau pua qhov kev sim tshuaj kho mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cov no tab tom saib seb puas siv tau kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob rau lwm hom mob qog noj ntshav hauv lub mis, thiab seb puas muaj kev kho mob uas twb muaj lawm puas tuaj yeem txhim kho tau. Yog li ntawd, kev kho mob no yuav dhau los ua riam phom tseem ceeb heev hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua mob qog noj ntshav yav tom ntej.

Tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo li cas?

Ib yam li kev kho mob twg los xij, kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau txhua tus tib yam. Qee tus neeg yuav tsuas muaj kev tsis xis nyob me ntsis xwb, thaum lwm tus yuav tsis muaj kev phiv dab tsi li. Ua ntej pib kho mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev phiv uas yuav tshwm sim thiab paub txog lawv.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim loj uas teev saum toj no, koj yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd . Yog tias txawm tias qhov kev mob tshwm sim me me tsis zoo dua hauv ob peb hnub lossis hnyav zuj zus, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub cev thaum lub sijhawm kho mob thiab tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog lawv.