Koj tus me nyuam puas lag ntseg? (Poob Hnov Lus) - Cia peb tham txog qhov no!

Puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj xav tias koj tus menyuam tsis mloog zoo thaum koj nrog lawv tham? Los yog nws zoo li lawv tsis tshua teb cov suab? Qhov no yuav yog vim lawv muaj teeb meem pob ntseg. Peb hu qhov no ua 'hnov tsis tau lus' . Tsis txhob txhawj, yog tias peb paub txog qhov no, peb tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no tau zoo.

Cov teeb meem kev hnov ​​lus muaj hom twg?

Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib cov hom kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tseem ceeb, lossis kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo. Cov ua rau thiab kev kho rau txhua hom yog txawv. Yog hais kom meej, qhov kev faib tawm no sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv pob ntseg, lossis seb nws puas nyob rau hauv cov lus mus rau lub hlwb.

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo

Qhov no yog ib hom. Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov ua rau hnov ​​lus tsis zoo yog thaum muaj ib yam dab tsi thaiv lub suab los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud kom tsis txhob mus txog pob ntseg sab hauv. Xav txog nws zoo li ib yam dab tsi daig hauv cov kav dej. Feem ntau nws yog vim:

• Mob pob ntseg ntau zaus.
• Cov quav pob ntseg txhais tau hais tias cov quav pob ntseg tau sib sau ua ke thiab tawv .
• Muaj qee yam tsis raug nrog peb lub pob txha me me hauv pob ntseg nruab nrab.

Feem ntau, hom kev hnov ​​​​lus no tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lossis phais me.

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo (SNHL)

Qhov no txawv me ntsis. Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo (SNHL) tshwm sim thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qhov rhiab heev ntawm pob ntseg sab hauv, cochlea , lossis rau cov hlab ntsha auditory uas nqa suab los ntawm qhov ntawd mus rau lub hlwb. Qhov no feem ntau yog qhov ua rau hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo mus tas li.

Tej zaum yuav muaj ntau yam ua rau qhov no:

• Yog tias muaj ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg muaj tus mob no, nws yuav yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces .
• Qee cov kab mob caj ces tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ib feem ntawm cov kab mob caj ces .
• Vim muaj tej yam kab mob uas leej niam kis thaum cev xeeb tub, lossis cov kab mob uas tus menyuam kis tom qab (piv txwv li , mob hlwb meningitis ).
• Vim yog siv cov tshuaj uas ua rau pob ntseg puas tsuaj (tshuaj ototoxic) .
• Kev raug suab nrov heev ntau zaus kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov no.

Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis sib xws

Lub npe qhia txog qhov ntawd, puas yog? Kev hnov ​​lus tsis sib haum yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob hom kev hnov ​​lus conductive thiab sensorineural uas tau hais ua ntej. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias muaj teeb meem nrog txoj kev uas lub suab mus los ntawm pob ntseg, thiab muaj teeb meem nrog pob ntseg sab hauv lossis cov hlab ntsha.

Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo hauv nruab nrab

Qhov no tsis tshua muaj. Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo hauv nruab nrabNws yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov qhov ntawm lub hlwb uas txhais thiab tshuaj xyuas cov teeb liab suab los ntawm pob ntseg tom qab lawv mus txog lub hlwb. Txawm tias pob ntseg zoo los xij, lub hlwb tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nws kom raug.

Kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm kev hnov ​​​​lus (APD)

Qhov no kuj yog qhov teeb meem nyuaj me ntsis. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem kev hnov ​​lus (APD) muaj kev hnov ​​lus zoo. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias kev kuaj hnov ​​lus tej zaum yuav zoo li qub. Txawm li cas los xij, lub hlwb muaj teeb meem cais thiab nkag siab cov suab uas mus los ntawm pob ntseg mus rau lub hlwb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov lus hais. Xav txog, hauv ib chav uas muaj ntau tus neeg tham, nws nyuaj rau ib tus neeg nkag siab txog yam lawv hais. Lawv yuav muaj teeb meem cais cov lus ntawm lub suab nrov, nrhiav kev coj ntawm lub suab, thiab nkag siab cov lus hais sai.

Vim li cas qhov kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo no tshwm sim?

Ib lo lus nug uas ntau tus niam txiv nug yog, 'Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim rau peb tus menyuam?' Qhov tseeb, feem ntau nws nyuaj rau nrhiav ib qho laj thawj tshwj xeeb . Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo uas ua rau muaj feem ntau ntawm tus menyuam txoj kev hnov ​​​​lus. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:

• Yug los muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm pob ntseg .
• Kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo rau lwm tus tswv cuab hauv tsev neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum yau.
• Tus me nyuam yug ua ntej lub sijhawm, lossis yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob hauv Chav Saib Xyuas Me Nyuam Mos (NICU) tom qab yug los.
• Thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam, mob daj ntseg nrog cov bilirubin ntau ntxiv yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav.
• Mob pob ntseg ntau zaus, pob ntseg tawg, lossis raug suab nrov.
• Raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob loj xws li meningitis lossis cytomegalovirus (CMV) .
• Yuav tsum tau noj qee hom tshuaj Ototoxic (cov no tsuas yog muab rau thaum xav tau kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob xwb).

Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov laj thawj zoo li no. Tab sis nco ntsoov, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim yam tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov no.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo yog dab tsi?

Qhov no tseem ceeb heev. Vim tias ib tug me nyuam yaus yuav tsis nkag siab txog yam koj hais rau lawv . Qhov no nyuaj rau pom tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam mos. Cov menyuam yaus uas tsis hnov ​​lus yuav tsis teb rau lub suab lossis kev hais lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv lub peev xwm hais lus, uas yog, kev loj hlob lus, yuav qeeb.

Yog koj tus me nyuam tsis teb cov lus nug no hauv thawj xyoo, koj yuav tsum nrog kws kho mob tham.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam mos uas muaj ob peb lub hlis

• Ib tug menyuam mos: Thaum lawv hnov ​​​​​​lub suab nrov nrov, lawv ntshai thiab zoo li ' ntuav tawm.
• Kwv yees li 3 lub hlis: Paub niam thiab txiv lub suab .
• Kwv yees li ntawm 6 lub hlis: Tig lub qhov muag lossis lub taub hau mus rau lub suab tshiabCov lus rov hais dua zoo li 'uh...', 'ah...'.
• 12 lub hlis, uas yog li ib xyoos: Ua suab zoo li 'ba ba ba', 'ma ma ma' , teb nws lub npe , sim ua raws li cov lus, hais ob peb lo lus zoo li 'amma' thiab 'ta ta'.

Cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas yog tias lawv raug ncua sijhawm.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas loj me ntsis

Thaum tus me nyuam loj hlob tuaj, cov cim qhia tias nws hnov ​​tsis tau lus zoo yuav muaj xws li:

• Kev hais lus tsawg, tsis meej, lossis tsis hais li .
• Zoo li koj tsis tau ua tib zoo mloog seb lawv hais li cas, thiab koj tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia .
• Tsis teb thaum hais lus nrog lub suab ib txwm, lossis teb cov lus tsis tseem ceeb .
• Thaum muaj suab nrov ntau nyob ib puag ncig koj, koj sai sai ntxhov siab thiab chim siab .
• Koj yuav tsum qhib lub suab ntawm lub TV kom nrov heev .
• Muaj teeb meem kawm ntawv .

Qee qhov teeb meem hnov ​​​​lus yuav maj mam tshwm sim tom qab yug los, lossis yuav tsis tshwm sim txog thaum kawg ntawm lub neej. Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev hnov ​​​​lus ntawm koj tus menyuam, nrog kws kho mob tham tam sim ntawd. Koj tus menyuam yuav tsum tau xa mus rau tus kws kho mob pob ntseg kom kuaj xyuas tag nrho.

Koj paub qhov mob no li cas?

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem no sai li sai tau . Vim tias yog tias kev kho mob pib ua ntej tus menyuam muaj 6 lub hlis, cov txiaj ntsig yuav zoo heev . Yog vim li ntawd txhua tus menyuam mos tam sim no raug kuaj pob ntseg ua ntej tawm hauv tsev kho mob.

Xav txog seb, yog tias koj tsis tau kuaj koj tus menyuam ua ntej lawv mus tsev, lossis yog tias koj tus menyuam yug hauv tsev lossis lwm qhov chaw yug menyuam, nco ntsoov kuaj koj tus menyuam lub pob ntseg hauv 3 lub lis piam thawj zaug ntawm lub neej .

Yog tias koj tsis dhau qhov kev kuaj thawj zaug no tsis tau txhais hais tias tus menyuam yuav tsis hnov ​​lus. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txhais tau hais tias nws yuav tsum tau kuaj dua sai li sai tau, tsis pub dhau ib hlis tom qab yug los. Yog tias paub tseeb tias muaj kev hnov ​​lus tsis zoo, kev kho mob yuav tsum pib tam sim ntawd.

Txawm tias cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev hnov ​​lus zoo li qub los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lawv qhov kev hnov ​​lus tsis tu ncua thaum lawv mus kuaj mob tas li. Cov kev kuaj hnov ​​lus no feem ntau yog ua thaum muaj hnub nyoog 4, 5, 6, 8, thiab 10 xyoo , thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 10 thiab 12 xyoos (ua ntej kaum xyoo) thiab thaum lub sijhawm hluas . Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas koj qhov kev hnov ​​lus txhua lub sijhawm yog tias muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog koj qhov kev hnov ​​lus.

Yuav kho li cas?

Cov kev xaiv kho mob nyob ntawm seb hom kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo, nws ua rau, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob.Yog li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem hnov ​​​​lus tas mus li xav tau kev pab los ntawm ib pab pawg kws tshwj xeeb thaum kho lawv. Pab neeg no suav nrog tus kws kho mob pob ntseg , tus kws kho mob pob ntseg, qhov ntswg thiab caj pas (ENT) , tus kws kho kev hais lus , thiab tus kws tshwj xeeb hauv kev kawm .

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qee hom kev hnov ​​​​lus tsis zoo tuaj yeem tau txais kev pab los ntawm kev kho mob, kev kho mob, thiab kev phais. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:

Cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​lus

Cov khoom pab hnov ​​lus ua rau lub suab nrov dua thiab meej dua. Yog tias cov menyuam mos uas yug los muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus tas mus li pib siv cov khoom pab hnov ​​lus ua ntej lawv muaj 6 lub hlis , lawv txoj kev loj hlob lus yuav zoo dua.

"Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas hais tias 'qhov no yog hom khoom pab hnov ​​lus zoo tshaj plaws.' Koj tus kws kho mob hnov ​​lus yuav pab koj xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam. Muaj ntau tus menyuam uas hnov ​​lus tsis tau zoo hauv ob lub pob ntseg siv ob lub khoom pab hnov ​​lus."

Cov kab ke FM

" Ib lub tshuab FM (Frequency modulation - FM system) txo cov suab nrov tsis xav tau thiab ua rau lub suab ntawm tus neeg hais lus hnov ​​​​​​kom meej thiab nrov nrov. Xav txog ib tug xib fwb hauv chav kawm ntawv hnav lub microphone me me thiab lub transmitter . Lub teeb liab hluav taws xob los ntawm lub transmitter no mus rau lub receiver , uas tus menyuam hnav hauv pob ntseg lossis txuas rau lub cuab yeej pab hnov ​​​​​​lus nws tus kheej. Vim tias qhov no tuaj yeem nqa mus ncig, nws tuaj yeem siv hauv tsev lossis hauv lwm qhov chaw nrov nrov."

Cov khoom cog rau lub qhov muag (cochlear implants)

" Cov khoom siv Cochlear implants tuaj yeem pab cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem hnov ​​​​lus hnyav uas tsis tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov khoom siv pab hnov ​​​​lus. Qhov no yog ib lub cuab yeej uas tau phais cog rau hauv pob ntseg . Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev hla cov qhov ntawm pob ntseg uas tsis ua haujlwm zoo thiab ncaj qha txhawb cov hlab ntsha hnov ​​​​lus. Nrog kev cob qhia thiab kev kho mob kom zoo, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov khoom siv cochlear implants tuaj yeem kawm hnov ​​​​​​lus thiab hais lus zoo."

Kev kho kom rov hnov ​​lus zoo/kev kho dua tshiab

Kev kho kom cov menyuam yaus hnov ​​lus zoo yog cov txheej txheem los pab cov menyuam yaus uas yug los muaj teeb meem hnov ​​lus kom lawv hnov ​​lus thiab sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus. Qhov no yuav suav nrog Kev Kho Mob Mloog Lus (AVT) , kev kho kev hais lus, kev nyeem daim di ncauj, lossis kev kawm American Sign Language (ASL) . Koj tus kws kho mob hnov ​​lus thiab kws kho mob yuav ua haujlwm nrog koj los txiav txim siab txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam sib txuas lus. Cov menyuam yaus uas poob lawv txoj kev hnov ​​lus thaum lawv loj hlob tuaj kawm cov kev sib txuas lus no, uas hu ua kev kho kom cov menyuam yaus hnov ​​lus zoo dua.

Peb yuav tsum paub dab tsi ntxiv?

Txawm tias qhov tsis hnov ​​lus me me kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev hais lus, lus, kev kawm, thiab kev sib raug zoo. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xa cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus uas tsis hnov ​​lus mus rau cov kev pab cuam thaum ntxov . Cov kev pab cuam no muab kev pab kho mob dawb rau cov menyuam uas tsim nyog. Cov menyuam loj dua yuav tsim nyog tau txais kev pab cuam kev kawm tshwj xeeb thaum lawv pib kawm ntawv.

Tau txais kev pab no sai li sai tau yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug menyuam thiab txhim kho lawv txoj kev loj hlob tag nrho.

Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv thiab kev txhawb nqa txog qhov no hauv online. Piv txwv li:

• ntu 'Kev Hnov Lus Tsis Zoo Hauv Cov Menyuam' ntawm lub vev xaib CDC (Chaw Tswj thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob) .
• Lub vev xaib ntawm American Speech-Language-Hnov Lus (ASHA) .

Nco ntsoov ua ib qho kev xaus lus luv luv

Zoo, yog li ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog qhov kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo hauv menyuam yaus yog dab tsi, nws ua rau muaj teeb meem, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev kho mob. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg me ntsis txog koj tus menyuam qhov kev hnov ​​​​​​lus, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej thiab nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd.

• Kev txheeb xyuas thaum ntxov thiab kev pab cuam thaum ntxov yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau yav tom ntej ntawm tus menyuam.
• Xyuas kom tseeb tias txhua tus menyuam mos tshiab tau kuaj xyuas kev hnov ​​​​lus .
• Paub txog koj tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob .
• Yog tias koj raug kuaj pom tias muaj teeb meem pob ntseg, nrhiav kev pab los ntawm pab pawg kws tshwj xeeb .
• Nco ntsoov tias, koj tsis yog tib tug xwb. Yog koj muaj kev txhawb nqa thiab kev paub zoo, koj yuav daws tau qhov teeb meem no tau zoo. Tsis txhob cia qhov no ua rau koj tus menyuam tsis muaj lub neej zoo siab thiab vam meej zoo li lwm tus menyuam.

Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus, kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo rau cov menyuam yaus, Kev hnov ​​​​​​lus tsis zoo, kev kuaj kev hnov ​​​​​​lus, cov khoom siv hnov ​​​​​​lus, cochlear implants