Koj tus me nyuam puas muaj teeb meem me me no nrog lawv lub plawv? (Patent Ductus Arteriosus - PDA) Cia peb kawm txog nws!

Koj puas tau xav tias koj tus menyuam me me ua pa nyuaj tom qab yug los? Los yog koj puas tau pom tias lawv tawm hws thiab ua pa nrov nrov thaum pub niam mis? Qee zaum cov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm teeb meem me me hauv lub plawv ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Ib qho mob uas peb yuav tham txog hnub no hu ua 'Patent Ductus Arteriosus' lossis '(PDA)'. Tsis txhob txhawj, cia peb tham txog qhov no yooj yim.

'Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)' yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, 'PDA' yog ib yam mob plawv uas tshwm sim tau rau cov menyuam mos tshiab. Nws tshwm sim thaum cov hlab ntsha hu ua 'ductus arteriosus', uas yuav tsum kaw tom qab tus menyuam yug los, tsis kaw kom zoo. Xav txog nws zoo li lub qhov me me uas tshuav nyob hauv cov kav dej.

Ua li cas rau 'Ductus Arteriosus'?

Yuav kom nkag siab qhov no, peb yuav tsum rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm uas tus menyuam nyob hauv niam lub tsev menyuam. Thaum tus menyuam nyob hauv niam lub tsev menyuam, nws lub ntsws ua haujlwm tsawg heev. Qhov no yog vim tus menyuam tau txais cov pa oxygen uas nws xav tau los ntawm niam los ntawm txoj hlab ntaws. Yog li, thaum lub sijhawm no, feem ntau ntawm cov ntshav uas yuav tsum mus ntawm tus menyuam lub plawv mus rau lub ntsws hla lub ntsws. Ib txoj hlab ntshav tshwj xeeb uas pab nrog qhov no hu ua 'ductus arteriosus'. Qhov no, kom meej meej, zoo li tus choj me me ntawm cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv ('aorta') thiab cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas mus rau lub ntsws ('pulmonary artery'). Thaum tus menyuam yug los thiab pib ua pa ntawm nws tus kheej, qhov 'ductus arteriosus' no tsis tas siv lawm, yog li nws feem ntau kaw nws tus kheej hauv ob peb hnub.

Yuav ua li cas rau cov menyuam mos uas muaj 'PDA'?

Tam sim no, qhov uas tshwm sim rau tus menyuam mos uas muaj 'PDA' yog tias 'ductus arteriosus' tsis kaw tag, tawm hauv qhov me me. Vim li no, cov ntshav ntxiv ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv ('aorta') mus rau cov hlab ntsha uas mus rau lub ntsws ('pulmonary arteries'). Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub qhov no, tus menyuam lub plawv thiab lub ntsws yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua los nqus cov ntshav. Yog xav kom meej meej, lawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntau dua.

Leej twg raug kev cuam tshuam ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov xwm txheej 'PDA' no?

Tus mob 'PDA' no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam mos uas yug ua ntej lub sijhawm, uas txhais tau tias yog cov uas yug ua ntej ib hlis. Kuj tseem pom tias nws tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov ntxhais dua li cov tub.

'PDA' feem ntau yog dab tsi?

Qhov tseeb, PDA yog ib qho ntawm cov mob plawv uas pom ntau tshaj plaws rau cov menyuam mos. Nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos yug ua ntej lub sijhawm. Qhov kev pheej hmoo sib txawv nyob ntawm lub lim tiam uas tus menyuam yug los.

Xav txog nws li no:

• Kwv yees li 10% ntawm cov menyuam mos yug ntawm 30 thiab 37 lub lis piam.
• Kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov menyuam mos yug ntawm 25 thiab 28 lub lis piam.
• Kwv yees li ntawm 90% ntawm cov menyuam mos uas yug ua ntej 24 lub lis piam cev xeeb tub yuav muaj tus mob no, hu ua 'PDA'.

Tsis txhob ntshai cov ntaub ntawv no. Qhov no tsuas yog qhia txog qhov kev pheej hmoo xwb. Qhov no yuav tsis loj rau txhua tus.

PDA cuam tshuam li cas rau koj tus menyuam?

Yog tias koj muaj PDA nruab nrab lossis loj, koj tus menyuam yuav ua pa sai dua thiab ua pa nyuaj dua li niaj zaus. Qhov no yog vim lub cev tab tom sim daws cov ntshav ntxiv mus rau lub ntsws. Yog tias qhov mob no tsis kho ntev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws (Pulmonary Hypertension) thiab ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj. Qhov no yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb kom paub txog qhov no.

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj 'PDA'?

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tseem tsis tau hais meej tias yog vim li cas qhov mob no hu ua 'PDA' thiaj tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee yam uas tau txheeb xyuas tau.

• Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm noob caj noob ces: Qee yam mob caj noob ces lossis keeb kwm tsev neeg muaj kab mob plawv kuj tuaj yeem muaj feem cuam tshuam.
• Kab mob Rubella thaum cev xeeb tub: Yog tias leej niam kis tus kab mob rubella thaum cev xeeb tub, tus menyuam yuav muaj feem ntau dua ntawm kev mob PDA.
• Mob Ua Pa Nyuaj Rau Cov Menyuam Mos: Qhov teeb meem ua pa no tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov menyuam mos uas tsis tau txais cov tshuaj surfactant txaus ua ntej yug los. Cov menyuam mos no kuj muaj feem yuav mob PDA ntau dua.

Cov tsos mob ntawm PDA yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm PDA sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm PDA. Ib qho PDA me me yuav tsis ua rau muaj tsos mob, tsuas yog lub plawv dhia tsis meej, uas tus kws kho mob yuav hnov ​​​​​​nrog lub stethoscope.

Txawm li cas los xij, PDA loj dua me ntsis yuav qhia cov tsos mob xws li:

• Ua pa sai.
• Ua pa nyuaj (ua tsis taus pa).
• Hws noo thaum pub niam mis los yog pub mis.
• Ua kom nkees sai, qaug zog.
• Muaj teeb meem noj mov thiab haus dej, tsis haus mis nyuj ntau.
• Tsis hnyav nce lossis loj hlob.
• Lub plawv dhia ceev lossis lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem.

Yog koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob menyuam yaus sai li sai tau.

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob PDA li cas?

Thaum koj coj koj tus menyuam mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua lossis thaum koj coj nws mus kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob yuav hnov ​​​​​​lub suab plawv nrov ('PDA heart murmur') thaum kuaj koj tus menyuam. Yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias qhov no, nws yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws kho mob plawv menyuam yaus.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau 'PDA'?

Tus kws kho mob plawv menyuam yaus yuav ua ntau yam kev kuaj mob kom paub tseeb tias muaj PDA:

• X-ray hauv siab.
• Kev kuaj lub plawv los ntawm lub tshuab ultrasound (echocardiogram). Qhov no tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas tej yam xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab qhov loj ntawm cov hlab ntsha ductus arteriosus.
• Kev kuaj hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv (EKG). Qhov no kuaj xyuas qhov ua haujlwm hluav taws xob ntawm lub plawv.

Cov neeg laus puas muaj PDA tau?

Yog, qee zaum cov neeg laus kuj kuaj pom tias muaj PDA thiab. Yog tias tsis kho tus PDA me me thaum yau, nws yuav tsis pom kom txog thaum nws loj dua. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg laus suav nrog:

• Lub plawv dhia ceev.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem.
• Mob ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws.

Tej yam zoo li ntawd yeej tshwm sim tau.

Yuav kho tus kab mob PDA li cas?

Tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab txoj kev npaj kho mob raws li cov yam ntxwv xws li koj tus menyuam lub hnub nyoog, qhov hnyav, thiab kev noj qab haus huv.

• Tos ntsoov: Qee zaum tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas tus menyuam ze ze, kuaj xyuas thiab sim seb PDA puas yuav kaw nws tus kheej. Ib qho PDA me me yuav tsis xav tau kev kho mob kiag li.
• Kev Kho Mob Nrog Tshuaj: Cov tshuaj nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) tuaj yeem muab tau los pab kaw PDA, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam mos yug tsis tau lub sijhawm. Cov no pab kom cov hlab ntsha me thiab kaw. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj no feem ntau tsis muab rau cov menyuam loj dua lossis cov neeg laus.
• Lwm yam kev kho mob:
• Kev Siv Txoj Hlab Ntswg Rau Lub Plawv: Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxig ib lub raj nyias nyias, yoog tau (catheter) hla lub qhov ncauj thiab xov nws hla cov hlab ntsha mus rau lub plawv. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub cuab yeej me me (lub qhov ntsaws lossis lub kauj) raug xa mus hla lub raj mus rau PDA thiab kaw. Qhov no nres cov ntshav ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau tsis ua rau cov menyuam mos yug tsis tau lub sijhawm, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus loj dua.
• PDA phais (Patent Ductus Arteriosus phais): Hauv qhov no, cov kws phais ua ib qho kev phais me me rau ntawm sab ntawm lub hauv siab thiab kaw PDA nrog cov xov lossis cov hlau me me.

Xav txog cov kev kho no zoo li kho lub qhov hauv cov kav dej. Koj siv ib lub hau me me los ntsaws nws, lossis koj txiav lub qhov ntawd tawm thiab ua ib lub tshiab.

Tom qab kho mob tas, cov ntshav yuav rov qab mus li qub sai npaum li cas?

Tom qab PDA kaw lawm, txawm yog los ntawm kev siv catheterisation lossis phais, cov ntshav ntws rov qab mus rau qhov qub tam sim ntawd, yog tias tsis muaj lwm yam teeb meem plawv.

PDA puas ua rau muaj lwm yam teeb meem?

Tom qab PDA kaw lawm, cov ntshav ntws zoo li qub, yog li ntawd muaj tsawg dua qhov teeb meem loj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam mos uas tau kaw lawv lub PDA los ntawm kev siv catheterization hauv lub plawv yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob li rau lub hlis kom tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob hauv plawv (endocarditis). Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia qhov no rau koj kom meej. Cov neeg laus kuj yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob tib yam tom qab PDA kaw lawm thiab txuas ntxiv mus kuaj mob nrog tus kws kho mob plawv tas li.

Kuv puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kuv tus menyuam kom tsis txhob muaj PDA?

Yeej tsis muaj dab tsi koj ua tau los tiv thaiv PDA kom tsis txhob loj hlob. Feem ntau nws cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam.

Puas muaj tej yam mob uas ua rau kuv tus menyuam muaj tus kab mob PDA ntau ntxiv?

Yog, raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob qhua pias German ('Rubella') thaum cev xeeb tub, tus menyuam muaj feem yuav mob 'PDA' ntau dua. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj cev xeeb tub thiab tau ntsib ib tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob qhua pias German, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Yog tias kuv tus menyuam muaj PDA, kuv yuav tsum xav li cas?

Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias tom qab kho mob, feem ntau cov menyuam mos uas muaj PDA yuav ua neej nyob noj qab nyob zoo thiab nquag. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav txhawj txog.

Puas kho tau PDA kom zoo tag nrho?

Yog. Yog tias PDA tsis kaw nws tus kheej, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho nws yog tias tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus uas muaj PDA nruab nrab lossis loj muaj feem yuav muaj teeb meem plawv thaum lawv laus yog tias tsis kho sai. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog seb koj tus menyuam puas xav tau kev kho mob tas mus li.

Kuv yuav saib xyuas kuv tus menyuam uas muaj PDA li cas?

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua raws li tag nrho cov lus qhia uas koj tus kws kho mob muab rau koj. Coj koj tus menyuam mus kuaj mob raws li hnub teem tseg. Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob tshiab, xws li ua pa nyuaj, haus mis tsawg dua, lossis zoo li nkees dua li niaj zaus, qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob paub tam sim ntawd.

Kuv yuav tsum hu rau kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob tshiab, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tus menyuam ua pa nyuaj, qhov no yog xwm txheej ceev, yog li coj nws mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Thaum kawg, tej yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Txawm hais tias 'Patent Ductus Arteriosus' lossis '(PDA)' yog ib yam mob plawv uas muaj txij thaum yug los, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum txhawj txog. Muaj cov kev kho mob zoo rau nws.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kuaj mob thaum lub sijhawm zoo thiab muab kev kho mob tsim nyog.

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab txiav txim siab seb txoj kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam. Yog tias koj kho tau zoo, koj tus menyuam me me yuav muaj lub neej zoo siab thiab noj qab nyob zoo ib yam li lwm tus menyuam. Qhov kev saib xyuas koj tus menyuam yog nws lub zog loj tshaj plaws!

` Patent Ductus Arteriosus, PDA, Kab Mob Plawv Rau Me Nyuam Mos, Me Nyuam Mos Yug Ua Ntej, Lub Plawv Nrov, Kev Ua Pa Nyuaj, Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Rau Me Nyuam